scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal herbs in African traditional medicine with potential activity for the prevention, treatment, and management of coronavirus disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olutayo Ademola Adeleye ◽  
Mbang Nyong Femi-Oyewo ◽  
Oluyemisi Adebowale Bamiro ◽  
Lateef Gbenga Bakre ◽  
Akinyinka Alabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Symptomatic Treatment ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
African Traditional Medicine ◽  
Potential Activity ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background Ethnomedicine, a study of traditional medicine, is significant in drug discovery and development. African traditional medicine has been in existence for several thousands of years, and several drugs have been discovered and developed from it. Main text The deadly coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2 has widely spread globally with high mortality and morbidity. Its prevention, treatment and management still pose a serious challenge. A drug for the cure of this disease is yet to be developed. The clinical management at present is based on symptomatic treatment as presented by individuals infected and this is by combination of more than two drugs such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic, and anti-microbials. Literature search was performed through electronic searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, and several research reports including WHO technical documents and monographs. Conclusion Drug discovery from herbs is essential and should be exploited for the discovery of drugs for the management of COVID-19. This review is aimed at identifying ethnomedicinal herbs available in Africa that could be used for the discovery and development of a drug for the prevention, treatment, and management of the novel coronavirus disease 2019.

scholarly journals Microbes, Clinical trials, Drug Discovery, and Vaccine Development: The Current Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-323
Author(s):  
Venkataramana Kandi ◽  
Tarun Kumar Suvvari ◽  
Sabitha Vadakedath ◽  
Vikram Godishala
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Because of the frequent emergence of novel microbial species and the re-emergence of genetic variants of hitherto known microbes, the global healthcare system, and human health has been thrown into jeopardy. Also, certain microbes that possess the ability to develop multi-drug resistance (MDR) have limited the treatment options in cases of serious infections, and increased hospital and treatment costs, and associated morbidity and mortality. The recent discovery of the novel Coronavirus (n-CoV), the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoV-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is causing the CoV Disease-19 (COVID-19) has resulted in severe morbidity and mortality throughout the world affecting normal human lives. The major concern with the current pandemic is the non-availability of specific drugs and an incomplete understanding of the pathobiology of the virus. It is therefore important for pharmaceutical establishments to envisage the discovery of therapeutic interventions and potential vaccines against the novel and MDR microbes. Therefore, this review is attempted to update and explore the current perspectives in microbes, clinical research, drug discovery, and vaccine development to effectively combat the emerging novel and re-emerging genetic variants of microbes.

scholarly journals Clinical Progress Note: Point-of-Care Ultrasound Applications in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benji K Mathews ◽  
Seth Koenig ◽  
Linda Kurian ◽  
Benjamin Galen ◽  
Gregory Mints ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Critical Illness ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Ultrasound Applications

COVID-19, the disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Although most patients (81%) develop mild illness, 14% develop severe illness, and 5% develop critical illness, including acute respiratory failure, septic shock, and multiorgan dysfunction.1 Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), or bedside ultrasound performed by a clinician caring for the patient, is being used to support the diagnosis and serially monitor patients with COVID-19. We performed a literature search of electronically discoverable peer-reviewed publications on POCUS use in COVID-19 from December 1, 2019, to April 10, 2020. We review key POCUS applications that are most relevant to frontline providers in the care of COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology against the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): diagnosis, treatment, therapy and future perspectives

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-516
Author(s):  
Hamid Rashidzadeh ◽  
Hossein Danafar ◽  
Hossein Rahimi ◽  
Faezeh Mozafari ◽  
Marziyeh Salehiabar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Rapid Diagnosis ◽  
Socioeconomic Impact ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Significant Mortality

COVID-19, as an emerging infectious disease, has caused significant mortality and morbidity along with socioeconomic impact. No effective treatment or vaccine has been approved yet for this pandemic disease. Cutting-edge tools, especially nanotechnology, should be strongly considered to tackle this virus. This review aims to propose several strategies to design and fabricate effective diagnostic and therapeutic agents against COVID-19 by the aid of nanotechnology. Polymeric, inorganic self-assembling materials and peptide-based nanoparticles are promising tools for battling COVID-19 as well as its rapid diagnosis. This review summarizes all of the exciting advances nanomaterials are making toward COVID-19 prevention, diagnosis and therapy.

scholarly journals In Silico Prediction of Intestinal Permeability by Hierarchical Support Vector Regression

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 3582
Author(s):  
Ming-Han Lee ◽  
Giang Huong Ta ◽  
Ching-Feng Weng ◽  
Max K. Leong
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Support Vector Regression ◽  
Intestinal Permeability ◽  
Qsar Model ◽  
Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Important Drug ◽  
Good Agreement

The vast majority of marketed drugs are orally administrated. As such, drug absorption is one of the important drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics parameters that should be assessed in the process of drug discovery and development. A nonlinear quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model was constructed in this investigation using the novel machine learning-based hierarchical support vector regression (HSVR) scheme to render the extremely complicated relationships between descriptors and intestinal permeability that can take place through various passive diffusion and carrier-mediated active transport routes. The predictions by HSVR were found to be in good agreement with the observed values for the molecules in the training set (n = 53, r2 = 0.93, q CV 2 = 0.84, RMSE = 0.17, s = 0.08), test set (n = 13, q2 = 0.75–0.89, RMSE = 0.26, s = 0.14), and even outlier set (n = 8, q2 = 0.78–0.92, RMSE = 0.19, s = 0.09). The built HSVR model consistently met the most stringent criteria when subjected to various statistical assessments. A mock test also assured the predictivity of HSVR. Consequently, this HSVR model can be adopted to facilitate drug discovery and development.

Application of Bayesian Network in Drug Discovery and Development Process

2007 ◽  
pp. 254-268
Author(s):  
Arunkumar Chinnasamy ◽  
Sudhanshu Patwardhan ◽  
Wing-Kin Sung
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Bayesian Networks ◽  
Graphical Models ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Intelligent Tools

The end of the 20th century and the advent of the new millennium have brought in a true merger of sciences for the benefit of mankind. The biggest promise it holds is that of improving the quality of human life by the discovery of newer medicines and better cures for diseases such as cancer and heart disease. Pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions alike have not failed to deliver on part of the promise by bringing out technologies and products that have significantly decreased mortality and morbidity associated with these diseases. An increase in the scale and complexity of the technologies has made it increasingly important to develop intelligent tools to analyze their output, and numerous mathematical and statistical techniques have been explored and exploited to do exactly this. Bayesian networks (BN) and similar graphical models for multivariate analysis are being used for analyzing these data with great success. They have made possible a high resolution insight into disease mechanisms like never before. These insights into the biological processes of health and disease have helped identify the appropriate targets for drug discovery and aided in the process of bringing better drugs faster to the market for patients in need. This chapter briefly explains the application and contribution of Bayesian networks to the drug discovery and development process.

Use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Fighting With the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Anuja Rajendra Jadhav ◽  
Roshani Raut ◽  
Ram Joshi ◽  
Pranav D. Pathak ◽  
Anuja R. Zade
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Response Recovery ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Virus Attack ◽  
Detection Response ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

2020 started with the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) virus. In this panic situation, the combination of artificial intelligence (AI) can help us in fight against the deadliest virus attack worldwide. This tool can be used to control and prevention of the outbreak disease. The AI tool can be helpful in prediction, detection, response, recovery, drug discovery of the disease. The AI-driven tools can be used in identifying the nature of outbreak as well as in forecasting the spread and coverage worldwide. In this case, so many AI-based tools can be applied and trained using active learning-based models for the detection, prevention, treatment, and recovery of the patients. Also, they can help us for identifying infected persons from the non-infected to stop the spread of the virus. This chapter mainly focuses on the AI-assisted methodology and models that can help in fighting COVID-19.

scholarly journals A Model‐Informed Drug Discovery and Development Strategy for the Novel Glucose‐Responsive Insulin MK‐2640 Enabled Rapid Decision Making

2020 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
pp. 1296-1311
Author(s):  
Sandra A.G. Visser ◽  
Bhargava Kandala ◽  
Craig Fancourt ◽  
Alexander W. Krug ◽  
Carolyn R. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Drug Discovery And Development

scholarly journals Headache in patients infected with the novel coronavirus (Covid-19): An integrative literature review

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Sarah Nilkece Mesquita Araújo Nogueira Bastos ◽  
Diego Afonso Cardoso Macedo de Sousa ◽  
Simone Santos e Silva Melo ◽  
Bárbara Louise Freire Barbosa ◽  
Larisse Giselle Barbosa Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Introduction: The disease caused by the new coronavirus was named by the acronym COVID- 19 which means “COrona VIrus Disease”, while “19” refers to the year 2019, when the first cases in Wuhan, China, were identified. Objective: Our objective was to identify the prevalence of headache and to know its clinical characteristics in COVID-19 patients, available in the literature. Methods: Based on a literature search in the major medical databases and using the descriptors “headache and coronavirus”, “headache and 2019-nCoV”, “headache and SARS- CoV-2”, “headache and coronavirus and 2019-nCoV” and “headache and coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2” we include articles published between January 2019 and April 2020. We found 94 articles, but only 13 met the inclusion criteria. Results: In 13 articles analyzed in this review, a total of 3,105 Chinese patients (51.6% men and 48.4% women) had laboratory diagnoses of COVID-19. In 240 (7.7%) patients, headache was an associated symptom of COVID-19, but in only 52 (21.7%) of them there was some information about the characteristics of this headache. Conclusions: COVID-19 patients have several clinical manifestations, including headache that is nonspecific with a prevalence of 7.7%.

The Novel Coronavirus SARS Cov-2 and its evolving impact on Ophthalmic Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (Special) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Movement Restriction ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Difficulty Breathing ◽  
Containment Measures ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
And Control

SARS-Cov-2 is a novel coronavirus that is believed to have emerged from the wet markets in Wuhan, Hubei Province in China late in December 2019. The spread of this virus was soon declared to be a pandemic by the World Health Organisation, with nearly 1 million cases reported worldwide by 31st March 2020 [1]. Those who contract the virus can go on to develop coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) – with symptoms commonly presenting as fever, dry cough and associated fatigue [2]. These symptoms can progress to difficulty breathing or shortness of breath, chest pain or pressure, loss of speech or movement [3]. The high risk of mortality and morbidity of this illness has resulted in worldwide awareness and control campaigns, resulting in varying levels of movement restriction and containment measures implemented to reduce the rate of transmission of SARS-Cov-2.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document