scholarly journals Pharmacognostical evaluation and anti-convulsant property of Annona reticulata Linn. (Annonaceae) root

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Manoj Kumar ◽  
Mohammad Azamthulla ◽  
Kamatchi Sundara Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Crown Shape ◽  
Total Alkaloid Content ◽  
Annona Reticulata

Abstract Background The present investigation was aimed at establishing the pharmacognostical parameters and preliminary phytochemical screening of Annona reticulata Linn. (Annonaceae) root. Pharmacognostical studies and phytochemical evaluation of A. reticulata root were carried out by following standard procedures to provide information that help to identify the species. The species of Annonaceae family are documented to possess anticonvulsant property, while A. reticulata and its root are reported to be used as a folklore medicine to treat epilepsy. In this study, anti-convulsant activity of the root extract was further investigated in mouse model with seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ; 60 mg/kg, i.p.). Diazepam (5 mg/kg) was used as a standard anti-convulsant drug. Prior to induction of seizures, ethanol extract (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p.o.,) and 0.1% sodium CMC were administered. Later, the onset, duration of convulsions along with recovery was recorded. Results A. reticulata can be recognized by its crown shape, leaves with lengthy petioles, fleshy petals and heart-shaped fruits. Roots are cylindrical with rootlets and have aromatic odour. Presence of oil globules and rhomboidal calcium oxalate crystals in cortex, sclerenchyma cells in cortex and secondary phloem, starch grains in cortex, secondary phloem and secondary xylem, and uni- to tri-seriate medullary rays are the key diagnostic characters of root. Preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins, alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, proteins, fixed oil and fats. The total alkaloid content in the root was 0.524% w/w, while total flavonoid and total phenolic content in ethanol extract were 16.65 mg QE/g and 59.54 mg GAE/g, respectively. Based on the values obtained from anti-convulsant activity, it is evident that the ethanol extract offered significant protection against PTZ-induced convulsion in mice. Conclusion The current pharmacognostical study aids not only in identification of crude drug material but also in establishing the standardization parameters. Further, the findings of this study indicated that the ethanolic extract of Annona reticulata Linn root displayed significant anti-convulsant property and this property could be attributed to imperative bioactives like flavonoids, phenolic compounds, alkaloids, in addition to other secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals KORELASI KANDUNGAN FENOLIK DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAUN JAMBU METE

Biomedika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Trisharyanti Dian Kusumowati ◽  
Rosita Melannisa ◽  
Kartikaning Ratri
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Anacardium Occidentale ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Positive Correlation

The ethanolic extract of Anacardium occidentale L. leaves contains phenolic compounds,  avonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and steroids that could have antioxidant activity. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation between the antioxidant activity and the phenolic compounds of the ethanol extract of Anacardium occidentale L. leaf. The DPPH methode was used to determine the antioxidant activity. The total phenolic determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. There was a positive correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content in the ethanolic extract of cashew leaf with correlation coef cient R2 = 0.5888.Keywords: Anacardium occidentale L., antioxidant, phenolic compounds

Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Screening and Chemical Fingerprint Analysis of Herbal Plant Phyllanthus niruri using HPTLC

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 623-633
Author(s):  
R. Nigam ◽  
R. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Herbal Plant

  This study focused to develop the fingerprint profile of Phyllanthus niruri through high performance thin layer chromatography. Various solvent extracts such as ethanol and water were prepared and phytochemical screening was made using standard procedures. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of two extracts of the plant showed the presence of secondary metabolites viz., alkaloids, triterpenoids, proteins, amino acids, flavonoids and steroids. The total flavonoid contents of leaves were significantly higher than those revealed in stem and root. The total phenolic contents of Phyllanthus niruri leaves (aqueous extract), leaves (ethanol extract) and root (ethanol extract) were 5.71 mg GAE/100 mg extract, 7.66 mg GAE/100 mg and 5.63 mg GAE/100 mg extract respectively. Methanol extract of Phyllanthus niruri was subjected to HPTLC analysis due to it is most effective, highly polar universal solvent for extraction of phytoconstituents. Among the samples, leaves extract resolved maximum number of spots followed by stem extract and root extract. It can be concluded that HPTLC fingerprinting of Phyllanthus niruri may be useful in differentiating the species from the adulterant and authentication of this herbal plant in the medical field and systematic plant studies.

Phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. fruits

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Petkova ◽  
Manol Ognyanov ◽  
Blaga Inyutin ◽  
Petar Zhelev ◽  
Panteley Denev
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Malus Baccata

Crab apple (Malus baccata (L.) Borkh.) was mainly distributed in Europe as an ornamental plant, but the nutritional properties of its edible fruits were not fully revealed. The aim of the current study was to characterize the phytochemical composition of ripen carb apple fruits and to evaluate their nutritional and antioxidant potentials. The fruits were assayed for moisture and ash content, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, titratable acidity (TA), pH, total phenolic compounds and natural pigments. Among the analyzed carbohydrates cellulose was found in the highest content (6% dw), followed by sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and 1.8 % dw uronic acids. The total chlorophylls and carotenoids contents in their fruits were 6.51 and 4.80 μg/g fw, respectively. Total monomeric anthocyanins were not detected. The highest content of total phenolic compounds (2.67 mg GAE/g fw) was found in 95 % ethanol extract from fruits, while the total flavonoids were relatively low – 0.1 mg QE/g fw. DPPH assay (17.27 mM TE/g fw) and FRAP assay (14.34 mM TE/g fw) demonstrated in vitro antioxidant activities of crabapple. Malus baccata fruits were evaluated as a rich source of dietary fibers and phenolic compounds with significant antioxidant potential that could be used in human nutrition.

UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN FRAKSI N-HEKSAN DAUN AFRIKA (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) DENGAN METODE DPPH

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Nurul Fatimah ◽  
◽  
Reksi Sundu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Vernonia Amygdalina ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
Ic50 Value

Free radicals and reactive species are widely believed to contribute to the development of several diseases by causing oxidative stress and eventually oxidative. Vernonia amygdalina (Astereacea) is a small shrub or tree between 1 and 5m high growing throughout tropical Africa. Plants are generally known as bitter leaves is well cultivated and is a general market for merchandise in several countries. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of hexane fraction from ethanol extract od Frican leaves (Vernonia amygdalina Del.). The method used in this study was the DPPH (1,1-Diphenil-2-Picrylhydrazyl) method. The result of phytochemical screening showed that ethanolic extract of African leaves contained a composition of secondary metabolites of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, steroids/triterpenoids and saponins. The antioxidant activity of the extract of n-hexane fraction was classified as very weak with an IC50 value of 317.98 ppm.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antitumor activities of the red propolis Alagoas

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 452-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. R. G. Silva ◽  
T. M. S. Matias ◽  
L. I. O. Souza ◽  
T. J. Matos-Rocha ◽  
S. A. Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dpph Method

Abstract The study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, antioxidant, toxicity and phytochemical screening of the Red Propolis Alagoas. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disk diffusion method. Determination of antioxidant activity was performed using the DPPH assay (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FTC (ferric thiocyanate) and determination of phenolic compounds by Follin method. Toxicity was performed by the method of Artemia salina and cytotoxicity by MTT method. The phytochemical screening for the detection of allelochemicals was performed. The ethanol extract of propolis of Alagoas showed significant results for antimicrobial activity, and inhibitory activity for Staphylococcus aureus and Candida krusei. The antioxidant activity of the FTC method was 80% to 108.3% hydrogen peroxide kidnapping, the DPPH method showed an EC50 3.97 mg/mL, the content of total phenolic compounds was determined by calibration curve gallic acid, resulting from 0.0005 mg/100 g of gallic acid equivalent. The extract was non-toxic by A. salina method. The propolis extract showed high activity with a higher percentage than 75% inhibition of tumor cells OVCAR-8, SF-295 and HCT116. Chemical constituents were observed as flavonones, xanthones, flavonols, and Chalcones Auronas, Catechins and leucoanthocyanidins. It is concluded that the extract can be tested is considered a potential source of bioactive metabolites.

scholarly journals SCREENING OF PHYTOCHEMICALS AND QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF TOTAL FLAVONOIDS AND PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF LAGASCEA MOLLIS CAV. (ASTERACEAE)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-97
Author(s):  
Saradha M ◽  
Paulsamy S ◽  
Abinaya G
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Aim of the study was to analyze the phytochemical constituents and estimation of total flavonoids and phenolic compounds of leaves and roots of the medicinal plant Lagascea mollis. Methanol extract of dried leaves and roots of L. mollis was prepared by using soxhlet apparatus. The extract prepared was tested forpreliminary qualitative phytochemical screening, followed by the quantitative estimation of total flavonoids and phenols by spectroscopy. The selected plant parts were found to contain alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids in both parts and saponin is present only in leaf. In quantitative estimation the reports revealedthe presence 0.017 and 0.013 mgRE/g extract and 458.91 and 704.50 mgGAE/g extract total flavonoids and phenolic compounds in leaf and root extract respectively. These major phytoconstituents present in this species may be accounted as factors for the medicinal importance of L. mollis.

scholarly journals Formulasi Krim Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) untuk Kesehatan Kulit

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-270
Author(s):  
Anita Dwi Puspitasari ◽  
Dewi Andini Kunti Mulangsri ◽  
Herlina Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoids ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Rotary Evaporator ◽  
Maximum Protection ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Muntingia Calabura

Sunlight has many health benefits, but high sun exposure can also cause skin problems ranging from redness, inflammation, and the worst is triggering the appearance of skin cancer. One way to protect the skin from the sun is by using a sunscreen. Kersen Leaf (Muntingia calabura L.) has a high total flavonoids and total phenolic so that it can be used as a natural active ingredient for making sunscreen creams. The purpose of this study was to formulate and evaluate sunscreen cream preparations with variations in the concentration of ethanol extract of Kersen Leaf  Muntingia calabura L.) and to know the SPF value. Extract of kersen leaves (Muntingia calabura L.) using the maceration method with 70% ethanol. The extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Four formulas were made with variations in the concentration of ethanol extract of kersen leaves. Formula 1 (cream base) without ethanolic extract of kersen leaves; formula 2 with ethanol extract of 1 gram kersen leaves; formula 3 with ethanol extract of 2 grams kersen leaves and formula 4 with ethanol extract of 3 grams kersen leaves. The four formulas were tested for physical, chemical and SPF values. Testing the SPF value using spectrophotometric method. For sticky power does not meet standard because it is less than 4 seconds. The Formula 1 SPF value is 0.1149; formula 2 is 7.6574 (extra protection); formula 3 is 13.7847 (maximum protection); and formula 4 is 19.0871 (ultra protection). The greater the concentration of ethanol extract of kersen leaves the greater the SPF value. From the results of the study, it was found that the four formulas fulfilled the requirements of physical and chemical characteristics, namely organoleptic, homogeneity, distribution, and viscosity, and had a significant SPF values, namely formula 2, 3 and 4. Abstrak Sinar matahari memiliki banyak manfaat bagi kesehatan, namun paparan sinar matahari yang tinggi juga dapat menyebabkan masalah kulit mulai dari kemerahan, peradangan, dan yang paling buruk adalah memicu munculnya kanker kulit. Salah satu cara untuk melindungi kulit dari sinar matahari yaitu dengan menggunakan tabir surya. Daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) mempunyai kandungan flavonoid total dan fenolik total yang tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan aktif alami untuk pembuatan krim tabir surya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melakukan formulasi dan evaluasi sediaan krim tabir surya dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun kersen (Muntingia calabura L.) serta mengetahui nilai SPF-nya. Ekstraksi daun kersen menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Ekstrak dipekatkan menggunakan rotary evaporator. Dibuat empat formula dengan variasi konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun kersen. Formula 1 (basis krim) tanpa ekstrak etanol daun kersen; formula 2 dengan ekstrak etanol daun kersen 1 gram; formula 3 dengan ekstrak etanol daun kersen 2 gram; dan formula 4 dengan ekstrak etanol daun kersen 3 gram. Keempat formula diuji karakteristik sifat fisika, kimia dan nilai SPFnya. Pengujian nilai SPF menggunakan metode spektrofotometri. Untuk daya lekat belum memenuhi standar karena kurang dari empat detik. Nilai SPF Formula 1 sebesar 0,1149; formula 2 sebesar 7,6574 (proteksi ekstra); formula 3 sebesar 13,7847 (proteksi maksimal); dan formula 4 sebesar 19,0871 (proteksi ultra). Semakin besar konsentrasi ekstrak etanol daun kersen semakin besar nilai SPF-nya. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa keempat formula memenuhi persyaratan karakteristik sifat fisika dan kimia yaitu organoleptis, homogenitas, daya sebar pH, dan viskositas, serta memiliki nilai SPF yang bermakna yaitu formula 2, 3, dan 4.

scholarly journals Antioxidant activities and A549 lung adenocarcinomic cells against capacity from various extracts of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Quang Ung Le ◽  
◽  
Horng Liang Lay ◽  
Ming Chang Wu ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Capacity ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb (AL) has received considerable attention as a herbal medicine for its applications in ethnopharmacology with heath benefits. This study aimed to investigate antioxidant activities and A549 growth inhibitory capacity from its root extract (RE) and aerial parts extract (AE). The 50% ethanol extracts were used for the tests. The total polyphenol content and the antioxidant effects comprising ABTS+ and DPPH free radical scavenging activities were evaluated. Phenolic compounds in the extracts were isolated using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Lactate dehydrogenase released in medium was also evaluated. Total phenolic and flavonoid content, and in vitro antioxidant potential of the RE were higher (p<0.01) than that of the AE. Two individual phenolic compounds consisting of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-coumaric acid were firstly identified in both by HPLC. The RE exhibited higher A549 inhibitory capacity compared to the AE and activated the apoptotic proteins of bcl-2, bax, bad, caspase-3 and caspase-9 in A549. In conclusion, the AL extracts were more effective in antioxidant and A549 cells inhibitory capacity.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIANXIETY EFFECT OF DRIED FRUITS OF PRUNUS AMERICANA MARSH

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Saurabh Sharma ◽  
Barinderjit Kaur ◽  
Ashish Suttee ◽  
Hayat M Mukhtar ◽  
Vandna Kalsi
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Dried Fruits ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
Choice Tests

Objective: To evaluate antianxiety effect of dried fruits of Prunus americana Marsh. Family Rosaceae.Methods: Phytochemical screening was performed on various extracts of the fruits. Elevated plus maze and light/dark choice tests were used for screening of antianxiety activity. Diazepam (2 mg/kg) was used as the standard drug.Results: Phytochemical screening has shown the presence of various constituents such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, phenols, and saponins. Different concentrations (100 and 200 mg/kg) of the ethanolic extract of P. americana have shown promising results. Significant antianxiety activity was observed in ethanol extract at the dose of 200 mg/kg in both models.Conclusion: The present study suggests that ethanolic extract of P. americana contains certain chemical components that are responsible for the antianxiety effect of the fruits of the plant. The plant may be considered for the management of various disorders related to anxiety.

Evaluation of Total Phenolic Compounds and Insecticidal and Antioxidant Activities of Tomato Hairy Root Extract

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2588-2594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harpal Singh ◽  
Sameer Dixit ◽  
Praveen Chandra Verma ◽  
Pradhyumna Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds
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