scholarly journals Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys 24: sexual dysfunction

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Macdonald ◽  
J. Halliday ◽  
T. MacEwan ◽  
V. Sharkey ◽  
S. Farrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
General Population ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Control Group ◽  
General Psychopathology ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Gender Specific

BackgroundThat sexual dysfunction occurs in schizophrenia is not in doubt. Previous studies have had weaknesses such as the use of selected populations or the absence of a control group.AimsTo measure rates of sexual dysfunction in people with schizophrenia compared with the general population.MethodSexual dysfunction was assessed by a self-completed gender-specific questionnaire. Ninety-eight (73%) of 135 persons with schizophrenia and 81 (71%) of 114 persons recruited as controls returned the questionnaire.ResultsAt least one sexual dysfunction was reported by 82% of men and 96% of women with schizophrenia. Male patients reported less desire for sex, were less likely to achieve and maintain an erection, were more likely to ejaculate more quickly and were less satisfied with the intensity of their orgasms. Female patients reported less enjoyment than the control group. Sexual dysfunction in female patients was associated with negative schizophrenic symptoms and general psychopathology. There was no association between sexual dysfunction and type of antipsychotic medication.ConclusionsPeople with schizophrenia report much higher rates of sexual dysfunction than do the general population. Men and women with schizophrenia have a different pattern of sexual dysfunction.

scholarly journals Vitamin E Level In Friedreich’s Ataxic Phenotype Patients In Four Major Hospitals In Baghdad

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-136
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hasan Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Friedreich Ataxia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Radical Trapping ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Classic Form ◽  
Age Range

Background: Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is the most common form of inherited ataxia, comprising one-half of all hereditary ataxias with a carrier rate between 1 in 60 to 1 in 90 and with a disease prevalence of 1 per 29,000. It can occur in two forms the classic form or in association with a vitamin E dependent ataxia. The precise role of Vitamin E in the nervous system is unknown; An Oxidative attack is suspected to play a role in Ataxia with Vitamin E deficiency, as well as in Friedreich ataxia. Vitamin E is the major free-radical-trapping antioxidant. Objective: Theobjectives of the study is to asses vitamin E level in patients with Friedreichs ataxia phenotype in Iraqi patients. Type of the study:Cross-sectional study. Method: This study was conducted at the neuroscience hospital and Baghdad teaching hospital during the period from the 1st of November 2013 through November 2014. Forty patients with friedreich's ataxia attended in neuroscience hospital and Baghdad teaching hospital during this period; there was12 male, 20 female patients and their age range between (4-50) years. Results: Regarding the level of vitamin E in patients in the present study, The study revealed that mean level of vitamin E for Friedreich ataxia patients was (10.92 μg/ml) ranging from (8-18 μg/ml),while in the control group the mean was (28.06μg/ml) ranging from (22-36μg/ml), the difference in mean level was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0001.) Thirty percents of (FRDA) patients was (8-9.9μg/ml), while half of patients (50%) were within (10-11.9 μg/ml),and low percentage (15 %)of patients were within (12-13.9 μg/ml ). The rest (5%) were had vitamin E level equal or more than 14 μg/ml. these finding revealed that majority of Friedreich ataxia patients were found with low level of vitamin E (32 patients(80%)), and low percentage with normal level (8 patients(20%.)) Patients with Friedreich ataxia were found to have a comparable level 10.47±1.79(8.4-13.5),11.48±2.61(9.4-18) and 10.66±1.26(9-12.5) for those with less than 10 years, 10-19 years , equal or more than 20 years of age respectively (p=0.382), while it was found to have a significantly decreasing level with advance in the age for the control group, 30.57±4.61(24.5-36), 27.46±3.16(23.7-33.5), 25.50±3.03 (22.9-29) for those less than 10 years, 10-19 years, 20 years or more respectively (p=0.006.) Vitamin E level in relation to Gender showed that Friedriech ataxia male patients had significantly higher vitamin E level compared to females [12.05±2.66 (9.0-18.0) compared to 10.17±1.07 (8.4-12.0)] (p=0.003), while relation to gender in the control group was not of significant value statistically [27.08±2.90 (22.9-30.0) for male compared to 29.04±4.97 (23.7-36) for females] , p=0.136. Conclusion: In the light of the results of the present study, the following conclusions were made:  The level of vitamin E in friedreichs ataxic phenotype patients was subnormal than normal range representing 80% of the sample selected for the test.  The level of vitamin E in male patients of freidriechs ataxic phenotype patients was higher than female patients.  

scholarly journals High risk of metabolic syndrome among black South African women with severe mental illness

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamima Saloojee ◽  
Jonathan K. Burns ◽  
Ayesha A. Motala
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
South African ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Black South African

Background: There is an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) globally. The prevalence of MetS is higher in black women compared to black men from South Africa.Aim: To compare the prevalence of MetS between black South African men and women with SMI taking antipsychotic medication. Further, this prevalence was compared to the prevalence in a matched control group of black South African men and women without SMI. Setting: A general hospital psychiatric unit.Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken to compare the prevalence of MetS in a group of multi-ethnic participants with SMI treated with antipsychotic medication and a matched control group without SMI, applying the 2009 Joint Interim Statement (JIS) criteria. Here, we included only the black African participants to compare MetS prevalence between men and women.Results: There were 232 participants in the group with SMI (male 155 and female 77) and without SMI (male 156 and female 76). The prevalence of MetS was more than three times higher in women with SMI compared to men with SMI (37.7% vs. 10.3%, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of MetS in men or women between the groups with and without SMI. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, female gender (odds ratio [OR] 7.66), advancing age (OR 1.08) and longer duration of illness (OR = 1.15) were significant risk factors for MetS in SMI.Conclusion: In black South Africans with SMI on antipsychotic medication, there is a higher prevalence and risk for MetS in women compared to men.

Parenthood in Long-Term Survivors After CHOEP Treatment for Aggressive Lymphoma Is Not Significantly Impaired in Comparison to the General Population. Results From the Mabthera International Trial (MInT) and the DSHNHL NHLB1 Study

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 3649-3649
Author(s):  
Julia Meissner ◽  
Sascha Dietrich ◽  
Marita Ziepert ◽  
Evelyn Kuhnt ◽  
Tanja Rixecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Aggressive Lymphoma ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
International Trial ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Survivors

Abstract Abstract 3649 Background: A growing number of patients with aggressive lymphoma experience long term survival after front-line treatment and survivorship issues have been increasingly addressed in recent years. Within treatment-induced sequelae, gonadal failure represents a major late-effect of chemotherapy. With respect to hematologic malignancies the majority of data on fertility effects pertains to Hodgkin Lymphoma treatment regimens whereas information on gonadal toxicity of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma treatments is limited. While CHOP as the standard treatment for aggressive lymphoma is supposed to be associated with only temporary side-effects on fertility in both sexes, nothing is known about the fertility effect of a moderate intensification of CHOP by adding etoposide in frequently used regimens such as CHOEP or dose-adjusted EPOCH. Methods: Our study assessed fertility aspects in young patients with aggressive lymphoma who enjoy ongoing first remission after treatment in the Mabthera International Trial or the German DSHNHL NHLB1 study between 1995 and 2003. Long term survivors of both prospective studies were contacted and invited to answer a questionnaire. Patients who received radiotherapy to the gonadal area as part of their primary treatment as well as those who received chemotherapy for secondary neoplasia were excluded from the analysis. Data on parenthood obtained in the subgroup of patients who received 6 complete cycles (R)-CHOEP (total cyclophosphamide and etoposide dose 4,500 mg/m2 and 1,800 mg/m2, respectively) is reported here. Results: Altogether 66 (31 female, 35 male) patients agreed to participate in the survey. Median age at treatment was 32.5 years (range: 18 – 40) and at time of data collection 44 years (range: 28 – 55), respectively, with a median follow-up after treatment completion of 11 years (range: 7 – 17). While 31 (46.9%) patients already had children before treatment (18 female – 58.1%, 13 male – 37.1%), 35 (53.0%) expressed a clear desire for children after treatment (14 female – 45.2%, 21 male – 60.0%). Ten of these 35 patients did not try to achieve pregnancy, with lack of partner being the main reason. Of the remaining 25 patients (12 female, 13 male) who tried to achieve pregnancy, 18 (9 female – 75%, 9 male – 69%) were finally successful. Apart from 2 deliberate abortions all pregnancies were uncomplicated and resulted in 25 live births. No major health problems were reported in the children. The interval between completion of treatment and birth of first child after treatment ranged from 21 to 146 months (median 58 months) in female patients and from 25 months to 106 months (median 60.5 months) in male patients. Patients not achieving pregnancy tended to be older then patients who successfully achieved pregnancy (median age 30 versus 25 in female patients and 34.5 versus 28 years in male patients). Not achieving parenthood after treatment was associated with emotional stress in 3 of 3 female patients but only in 1 of 4 male patients. Fourteen patients chose cryopreservation of sperm before treatment but none of them utilized preserved sperm for reproductive purposes. Cryopreservation techniques were not used in female patients. Only one female patient received a GnRH analogue in parallel to chemotherapy and gave birth to two children after treatment. Comparison of the presented patient data with the German general population (The German Socio-Economic Panel, 2011) revealed only non-significant differences in the overall percentage of childless women (16.1% in the study population versus 26.0% in the general population, p=0.15) and men (45.7% versus 33.8%, p=0.07). Total fertility rate in female study patients (1.45) paralleled that in the general population (around 1.4 between 1980 and 2010). Conclusions: Parenthood after treatment with CHOP plus etoposide seems not to be significantly impaired in comparison to the general population. Most patients who had attempted post-treatment parenthood were successful. The small percentage of patients not achieving pregnancy despite a clear desire for parenthood after treatment is in line with previous reports on the fertility effects of CHOP. However, all patients of reproductive age should be offered counselling with regard to the impact of planned therapy on their fertility. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Gender-related differences in functional connectivity in multiple sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menno M Schoonheim ◽  
Hanneke E Hulst ◽  
Doriana Landi ◽  
Olga Ciccarelli ◽  
Stefan D Roosendaal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visuospatial Memory ◽  
Information Processing Speed ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Male Patients

Background: Gender effects are strong in multiple sclerosis (MS), with male patients showing a worse clinical outcome than female patients. Functional reorganization of neural activity may contribute to limit disability, and possible gender differences in this process may have important clinical implications. Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore gender-related changes in functional connectivity and network efficiency in MS patients. Additionally, we explored the association of functional changes with cognitive function. Methods: Sixty subjects were included in the study, matched for age, education level and intelligence quotient (IQ). Male and female patients were matched for disability, disease duration and white matter lesion load. Two cognitive domains often impaired in MS, i.e. visuospatial memory and information processing speed, were evaluated in all subjects. Functional connectivity between brain regions and network efficiency was explored using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and graph analysis. Differences in cognitive and functional characteristics between groups, and correlations with cognitive performance, were examined. Results: Male patients showed worse performance on cognitive tests than female and male controls, while female patients were cognitively normal. Decreases in functional connectivity and network efficiency, observed in male patients, correlated with reduced visuospatial memory ( r = −0.6 and r = −0.5, respectively). In the control group, no cognitive differences were found between genders, despite differences in functional connectivity between healthy men and women. Conclusions: Functional connectivity differences were found in male patients only and were related to impaired visuospatial memory. These results underline the importance of gender in MS and require further investigation in larger and longitudinal studies.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sexual dysfunction and its predictive factors in female and male patients with rheumatoid arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Azab ◽  
Maii Abdelraheem Abdellatif ◽  
Mai Mohamed Abdelnaby
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Joint Deformity ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common disabling joint disease affecting both males and females. Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a common association with RA. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence and predictors of sexual dysfunction in male and female patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Results The mean age of female patients was 32.1 years and 39.7 years for males. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction was higher in RA female patients than controls, 62.1% versus 41.2% respectively (P ≤ 0.05). The prevalence of global sexual dysfunction was higher in RA male patients than controls, 63.8% versus 47.5% respectively (P ≤ 0.05). Predictors of sexual dysfunction in female RA patients were the number of children, BMI, disease duration, DAS score, HADs-D score, HAQ score, VAS score, joint deformity, and the number of drugs. Predictors of sexual dysfunction in male RA patients were age, disease duration, DAS score, HAQ score, VAS score, and the number of drugs. Conclusion SD is prevalent in RA patients. Disease activity, pain, depression, and disturbed quality of life affect nearly all domains of sexual functions in female and male patients.

scholarly journals PARATHYROID HORMONE AND BIOCHEMICAL METABOLIC BONE MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH β-THALASSEMIA MAJOR IN MISAN PROVINCE / IRAQ

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (35) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Noor AL-Huda Salah AL-ZUHAIRY ◽  
Zainab Abdul Jabbar Ridha AL-ALI
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Metabolic Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Serum Pth

Beta-thalassemia is a heterogeneous group of hereditary blood disorders characterized by defects in the synthesis of the β- chains of hemoglobin, resulting in variable phenotypes ranging from severe anemia to clinically asymptomatic individuals. This study aims to assess the serum PTH, vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and magnesium levels in β-thalassemia major patients. A total of 50 (30 male and 20 female) patients with β- thalassemia major with ages range 11- 16 years and an equal number of sex-matched healthy adolescents as a control group were included in this study. A total of 52% of patients were lived in an urban area, and there was no significant difference between patients and the control group regarding residency. Male patients showed low statistically significant (P 0.05) mean serum PTH, vitamin D, and calcium levels, but mean serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels were significantly higher (P 0.05) as compared to the male control group. However, female patients had low, but without statistical significant (P>0.05) mean serum PTH level, whereas vitamin D and calcium levels were highly significant (P 0.05) reduced. The phosphorus and ALP levels were highly significantly (P 0.05) increased as compared to female controls. Regarding β- thalassemia major group, the current study showed male patients had non-significant (P 0.05) higher levels of PTH, calcium, phosphorus, and ALP. In contrast, vitamin D level was non-significantly (P 0.05) low in male patients as compared to female patients. Mean serum level of PTH had a negative correlation with phosphorus, but it had a positive association with vitamin D, calcium, ALP, and magnesium. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that β-thalassemia major patients have a markedly deranged biochemical metabolic bone profile. Regular monitoring of PTH and biochemical mineral profile is also recommended.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cardiac Repolarization Indices in Epilepsy Patients Treated with Carbamazepine and Valproic Acid

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Ramazan Asoğlu ◽  
Mahmut Özdemir ◽  
Nesim Aladağ ◽  
Emin Asoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Qt Interval ◽  
Qt Dispersion ◽  
Clonic Seizure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiac Repolarization ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Male Patients

Background and Objectives: Epilepsy patients have a higher risk of sudden unexplained death compared to the rest of the population. Cardiac repolarization abnormalities might be seen in epilepsy during interictal periods. We aimed to evaluate the changes in electrocardiography (ECG) parameters in generalized tonic-clonic seizure patients treated with carbamazepine or valproic acid (VPA) drug. Materials and Methods: A totally of 129 subjects (66 epilepsy patients, 63 healthy subjects) were enrolled in the study. Of the patients, 36 were on carbamazepine and 30 were on VPA. There were 12-lead ECGs obtained from all participants. RR interval (time between consecutive R peaks), QT interval (defines the period of ventricular repolarization), corrected QT (QT interval corrected for heart rate; QTc), QTc-maximum (QTc-max), QTc-minimum (QTc-min), QTc dispersion (QTcd), P (atrial depolarization )-maximum (P-max), P-minimum (P-min) and P dispersion (Pd) were measured. Results: QTd (QT dispersion), QTcd, and Pd values were significantly higher in the patients compared to the controls (p < 0.01). QTcd, Pd, and P-max values were statistically higher in male patients compared to healthy male controls. QTcd values were significantly higher in female patients using carbamazepine compared to the female patients on VPA and healthy controls (p = 0.01). Male patients using VPA had significantly higher QTcd values against the male population in carbamazepine and control groups. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that QTd, QTcd, and Pd values were significantly higher in epilepsy patients than in healthy controls. In addition, female patients using carbamazepine and male patients using VPA were prone to ventricular arrhythmia compared to the control group.

Dominant frequency predicts sinus rhythm maintenance after electrical cardioversion for persistent atrial fibrillation in men but not in women

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Lankveld ◽  
S Zeemering ◽  
I.C Van Gelder ◽  
K.E Odening ◽  
H.J Crijns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Rhythm Control ◽  
Electrical Cardioversion ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Af Recurrence

Abstract Background Women are usually underrepresented in studies evaluating rhythm control strategies in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Subsequently, the same holds true for studies looking at predictors for success of a rhythm control strategy for AF. Purpose To study the predictive power of the non-invasively determined dominant frequency (DF) on the electrocardiogram (ECG) in men and women undergoing electrical cardioversion (ECV) for persistent AF. Methods We matched 105 female patients undergoing elective ECV for persistent AF and 105 male control patients based on age and cardiovascular comorbidity profile. We determined the DF on all 12 leads of a standard digital 10 seconds ECG recorded on the day of ECV. Recurrences of AF within the first year after ECV were documented. Results There were no differences in comorbidities, AF duration, left ventricular systolic function, indexed left atrial volume and anti-arrhythmic drugs between male and female patients. The dominant frequency was significantly lower in male patients without an AF recurrence on all leads. The best performing lead to identify patients with recurrences was lead III with an AUC 0.752. The optimal cut-off point was a DF &lt;5.98 Hz with a sensitivity 84% and a specificity 67%. There was no significant difference in DF between female patients with and without an AF recurrence. The AUC in lead III was 0.47 (Figure 1). Conclusion The non-invasively measured dominant frequency is able to predict AF recurrence after electrical cardioversion in male patients with persistent AF but not in a matched female cohort. This difference might be explained by different pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AF in male and female patients. Therefore, future research is needed on pathophysiological differences between men and women that can explain and might overcome these challenges. Figure 1 Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – EU funding. Main funding source(s): European Network for Translational Research in Atrial Fibrillation (grant no. 261057), the Center for Translational Molecular Medicine (COHFAR),

scholarly journals Sexual dysfunction and depression in Behçet’s disease in comparison to healthy controls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian-Jonas Saur ◽  
Alexandra Schlögl ◽  
Torsten Schmalen ◽  
Simon Krittian ◽  
Ann-Christin Pecher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Behçet’S Disease ◽  
Behcet’S Disease ◽  
Behçet's Disease ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Behcet's Disease ◽  
Caucasian Origin ◽  
Male Patients

AbstractBehçet’s disease (BD) can affect the genital system and is more common in Middle Eastern countries and Asia but also occurs in Caucasian people. Aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD) and depression in patients with BD compared to a healthy control group (HCG). In addition, differences with regard to depression and patients’ origin were evaluated. This prospective, monocentric study included 106 consecutive patients from our specialized BD outpatient clinic. Patients were asked to fill out the paper based standardized and validated questionnaires International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In addition, 206 healthy controls were asked to fill out the questionnaires. 106 patients with BD were evaluated and 206 participants in the HCG. The mean age in BD group was 40.5 years as compared to 44.4 years in the HCG. Half of the patients had Middle Eastern and half Caucasian origin. SD was found in 24.5% of all subjects. Only 6.9% of male patients showed signs of SD, while half of the women’s group was suffering from SD. The prevalence for SD was significantly higher in women with Middle Eastern ethnic origin compared to women with Caucasian origin (75 vs. 33.3%, p = 0.024). Erectile Dysfunction occurred in 55% of all male patients which was not statistical different from the HCG. Genital ulcers affected 73.6% of all patients. Depression was found in 36.7% of all subjects as compared to 6.25% in the HCG (p < 0.001). Both, SD and depression correlated positively in males (p = 0.017) and females (p = 0.013). SD and depression are very common problems in BD and should be addressed by the treating physician. Both manifestations are intensifying each other. Depression especially is more prevalent compared to the healthy population.

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