Comparison between in situ experimental data and Italian code standard values

2016 ◽  
pp. 1707-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Marghella ◽  
A. Marzo ◽  
B. Carpani ◽  
M. Indirli ◽  
A. Formisano
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Standard Values ◽  
Code Standard

scholarly journals On the Fluctuation Induced Excess Conductivity in Stainless Steel Sheathed MgB2 Tapes

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchitra Rajput ◽  
Sujeet Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Coherence Length ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Excess Conductivity ◽  
Scaling Functions ◽  
Critical Fluctuations ◽  
Scaling Models

We report on the analyses of fluctuation induced excess conductivity in the - behavior in the in situ prepared MgB2 tapes. The scaling functions for critical fluctuations are employed to investigate the excess conductivity of these tapes around transition. Two scaling models for excess conductivity in the absence of magnetic field, namely, first, Aslamazov and Larkin model, second, Lawrence and Doniach model, have been employed for the study. Fitting the experimental - data with these models indicates the three-dimensional nature of conduction of the carriers as opposed to the 2D character exhibited by the HTSCs. The estimated amplitude of coherence length from the fitted model is ~21 Å.

Investigation of Emulsion Flow in Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage

SPE Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.C.. C. Ezeuko ◽  
J.. Wang ◽  
I.D.. D. Gates
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Gravity Drainage ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Emulsion Flow ◽  
Very High ◽  
Effective Representation

Summary We present a numerical simulation approach that allows incorporation of emulsion modeling into steam-assisted gravity-drainage (SAGD) simulations with commercial reservoir simulators by means of a two-stage pseudochemical reaction. Numerical simulation results show excellent agreement with experimental data for low-pressure SAGD, accounting for approximately 24% deficiency in simulated oil recovery, compared with experimental data. Incorporating viscosity alteration, multiphase effect, and enthalpy of emulsification appears sufficient for effective representation of in-situ emulsion physics during SAGD in very-high-permeability systems. We observed that multiphase effects appear to dominate the viscosity effect of emulsion flow under SAGD conditions of heavy-oil (bitumen) recovery. Results also show that in-situ emulsification may play a vital role within the reservoir during SAGD, increasing bitumen mobility and thereby decreasing cumulative steam/oil ratio (cSOR). Results from this work extend understanding of SAGD by examining its performance in the presence of in-situ emulsification and associated flow of emulsion with bitumen in porous media.

scholarly journals The Viscosity and Atomic Structure of Volatile-Bearing Melilititic Melts at High Pressure and Temperature and the Transport of Deep Carbon

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Stagno ◽  
Veronica Stopponi ◽  
Yoshio Kono ◽  
Annalisa D’Arco ◽  
Stefano Lupi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Atomic Structure ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Pressure And Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Falling Sphere ◽  
Basaltic Melts

Understanding the viscosity of mantle-derived magmas is needed to model their migration mechanisms and ascent rate from the source rock to the surface. High pressure–temperature experimental data are now available on the viscosity of synthetic melts, pure carbonatitic to carbonate–silicate compositions, anhydrous basalts, dacites and rhyolites. However, the viscosity of volatile-bearing melilititic melts, among the most plausible carriers of deep carbon, has not been investigated. In this study, we experimentally determined the viscosity of synthetic liquids with ~31 and ~39 wt% SiO2, 1.60 and 1.42 wt% CO2 and 5.7 and 1 wt% H2O, respectively, at pressures from 1 to 4.7 GPa and temperatures between 1265 and 1755 °C, using the falling-sphere technique combined with in situ X-ray radiography. Our results show viscosities between 0.1044 and 2.1221 Pa·s, with a clear dependence on temperature and SiO2 content. The atomic structure of both melt compositions was also determined at high pressure and temperature, using in situ multi-angle energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction supported by ex situ microFTIR and microRaman spectroscopic measurements. Our results yield evidence that the T–T and T–O (T = Si,Al) interatomic distances of ultrabasic melts are higher than those for basaltic melts known from similar recent studies. Based on our experimental data, melilititic melts are expected to migrate at a rate ~from 2 to 57 km·yr−1 in the present-day or the Archaean mantle, respectively.

Simulations of In-Situ Upgrading Process: Interpretation of Laboratory Experiments and Study of Field-Scale Test

SPE Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (06) ◽  
pp. 2711-2730
Author(s):  
A.. Perez–Perez ◽  
M.. Mujica Chacín ◽  
I.. Bogdanov ◽  
A.. Brisset ◽  
O.. Garnier
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Solid Residue ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Field Scale ◽  
Scale Test

Summary In–situ upgrading (IU) is a promising method of improved viscous– and heavy–oil recovery. The IU process implies a reservoir heating up and exposure to a temperature higher than 300°C for a time period long enough to promote a series of chemical reactions. The pyrolysis reactions produce lighter oleic and gaseous components, while a solid residue remains underground. In this work, we developed a numerical model of IU using laboratory experience (kinetics measurements and core experiments) and validated the results by applying our model to an IU field–scale test published in the literature. Finally, we studied different operational conditions in a search for energy–efficient configurations. In this work, two types of IU experimental data are used from two vertical–tube experiments with Canadian bitumen cores (0.15 and 0.69 m). A general IU numerical model for the different experimental setups has been developed and compared with experimental data, using a commercial reservoir–simulator framework. This model is capable of representing the phase distribution of pseudocomponents, the thermal decomposition reactions of bitumen fractions, and the generation of gases and residue (solid) under thermal cracking conditions. Simulation results for the cores exposed to a temperature of 380°C and production pressure of 15 bar have shown that oil production (per pseudocomponent) and oil–sample quality were well–predicted by the model. Some differences in gas production and total solid residue were observed with respect to laboratory measurements. Computer–assisted history matching was performed using an uncertainty–analysis tool with the most–important model parameters. To better understand IU field–scale test results, the Shell Viking pilot (Peace River) was modeled and analyzed with the proposed IU model. The appropriate gridblock size was determined and the calculation time was reduced using the adaptive mesh–refinement (AMR) technique. The quality of products, the recovery efficiency, and the energy expenses obtained with our model were in good agreement with the field test results. In addition, the conversion results (upgraded oil, gas, and solid residue) from the experiments were compared with those obtained in the field test. Additional analysis was performed to identify energy–efficient configurations and to understand the role of some key variables (e.g., heating period and rate and the production pressure) in the global IU upgrading performance. We discuss these results, which illustrate and quantify the interplay between energy efficiency and productivity indicators.

Kinetic Study Of Crystallisation In Amorphous Thin Lpcvd Si Films

1993 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Pieraggi ◽  
J. P. Guillemet ◽  
B. de Mauduit
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Nucleation Kinetics ◽  
Crystallisation Kinetics ◽  
Crystallisation Behaviour ◽  
Steady State Rate ◽  
State Rate ◽  
Si Films

ABSTRACTThe crystallisation behaviour of LPCVD silicon films has been investigated by TEM from in situ isothermal annealing of undoped a-Si films deposited from disilane (Si2H6) at temperatures 450,465 and 480 °C and at gas pressure of 200 MTorr. Nucleation kinetics, grain growth rates and crystallisation kinetics were determined for temperatures ranging from 600 to 675 °C. Nucleation kinetics have been experimentally determined in the early first stages of annealing : they do not show any steady-state rate and are fitted according to a power law. Experimental data for crystallisation kinetics are fitted by an Avrami law without introducing any incubation time.

A furnace for in situ synchrotron Laue diffraction and its application to studies of solid-state phase transformations

1990 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 545-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Bhat ◽  
S. M. Clark ◽  
A. El Korashy ◽  
K. J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Structural Phase Transitions ◽  
Laue Diffraction ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The design of a new microfurnace for use for Laue diffraction studies of solid-state transformations is described. The furnace operates in the temperature range 298–573 K with a thermal stability of about ± 0.1 K. The potential of the synchrotron-radiation Laue diffraction technique for studies of structural phase transitions is demonstrated. Experimental data on phase transitions in caesium periodate, potassium tetrachlorozincate and pentaerythritol are presented.

Sugarcane molasses fermentation with in situ gas stripping using low and moderate sugar concentrations for ethanol production: Experimental data and modeling

2016 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 152-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Henrique Santos F. Ponce ◽  
João Moreira Neto ◽  
Sérgio Santos De Jesus ◽  
Júlio César de Carvalho Miranda ◽  
Rubens Maciel Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Sugarcane Molasses ◽  
Gas Stripping

Berechnung der 19F- und 195 Pt-NMR-Verschiebungen von FIuoro-Chloro-Bromo-Platinaten(IV) / Calculation of 19F and 195Pt NMR Shifts of Fluoro-Chloro-Brom o-Platinates(IV )

1997 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-H. Drews ◽  
W. Preetz
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Chemical Shifts ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Lower Field ◽  
Trans Influence ◽  
Nmr Signals ◽  
Increments Of Chemical Shifts ◽  
Good Agreement

By reaction of [PtBr4]2- with XeF2 in dichloromethane product mixtures containing nine fluoro-chloro-, four fluoro-bromo- and 15 fluoro-chloro-bromo-platinates(IV) are formed. All complexes are detectable by in situ l9F NMR measurements. Due to the increasing trans influence F < Cl < Br, the signals <5(19F) of symmetric F-Pt-F axes observed at highest field are shifted downfield on the average by 93 ppm as compared with δ(19F•) of F••Pt-Cl′ axes, and further to lower field by 40 ppm for <5(F••) of F••-Pt-Br″ axes. For the same reason the coupling constant 1J(F••Pt) ≈ 1099 Hz is by 13.3 % smaller than 1J(F•Pt) ≈ 1268 Hz, which is by 32.3 % smaller than δ(FPt) ≈ 1873 Hz. Based on the axis method, and taking into account characteristic increments of chemical shifts depending on cis influences, the calculation of the 195Pt NMR signals of 27 observed species of the system [PtFnCl6-n-mBrm]2- n, m = 0 - 6, has been successful. The 195Pt NMR shifts of further 29 so far not detected complexes are predicted. Using parameters depending on the geometry of the complex, the 19F NMR shifts of 28 F-containing platinates(IV) have been calculated in good agreement with the experimental data. 19F resonances are predicted for 19 so far missing complexes.

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