Migration of lymphocytes across specialized vascular endothelium. V. Production of a sulphated macromolecule by high endothelial cells in lymph nodes

1982 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-292
Author(s):  
P. Andrews ◽  
D.W. Milsom ◽  
W.L. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vesicles

High endothelial cells lining the post capillary venules in the paracortical areas of rat lymph nodes were found by autoradiography to incorporate [35S]sulphate, whether it was injected into the footpad to reach the draining popliteal lymph node or added to short-term cultures of cervical lymph node slices. The early localization of [35S]sulphate was confined to the Golgi apparatus, but before it disappeared from the cell radioactivity was associated with cytoplasmic vesicles. Sulphated material in macromolecular form was extracted from lymph nodes that had been labelled in vivo and was also found in the supernatant of lymph node cultures. The labelled material was not proteoglycan in nature. High endothelial cells apparently secrete a sulphated macromolecule but its relationship to the only known function of high-walled endothelium—the selective extraction of lymphocytes from the blood—remains to be clarified.

scholarly journals Immunohistologic and functional characterization of a vascular addressin involved in lymphocyte homing into peripheral lymph nodes.

1988 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 1853-1862 ◽  
Author(s):  
P R Streeter ◽  
B T Rouse ◽  
E C Butcher
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Peyer's Patches ◽  
Peripheral Lymph Node ◽  
Lymphocyte Homing ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Peripheral Lymph

The tissue localization or "homing" of circulating lymphocytes is directed in part by specialized vessels that define sites of lymphocyte exit from the blood. In peripheral lymph nodes, mucosal lymphoid tissues (Peyer's patches and appendix), and sites of chronic inflammation, for example, lymphocytes leave the blood by adhering to and migrating between those endothelial cells lining postcapillary high endothelial venules (HEV). Functional analyses of lymphocyte interactions with HEV have shown the lymphocytes can discriminate between HEV in different tissues, indicating that HEV express tissue-specific determinants or address signals for lymphocyte recognition. We recently described such a tissue-specific "vascular addressin" that is selectively expressed by endothelial cells supporting lymphocyte extravasation into mucosal tissues and that appears to be required for mucosa-specific lymphocyte homing (Streeter, P. R., E. L. Berg, B. N. Rouse, R. F. Bargatze, and E. C. Butcher. 1988. Nature (Lond.). 331:41-46). Here we document the existence and tissue-specific distribution of a distinct HEV differentiation antigen. Defined by monoclonal antibody MECA-79, this antigen is expressed at high levels on the lumenal surface and in the cytoplasm of HEV in peripheral lymph nodes. By contrast, although MECA-79 stains many HEV in the mucosal Peyer's patches, expression in most cases is restricted to the perivascular or ablumenal aspect of these venules. In the small intestine lamina propria, a mucosa-associated site that supports the extravasation of lymphocytes, venules do not stain with MECA-79. Finally, we demonstrate that MECA-79 blocks binding of both normal lymphocytes and a peripheral lymph node-specific lymphoma to peripheral lymph node HEV in vitro and that it also inhibits normal lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymph nodes in vivo without significantly influencing lymphocyte interactions with Peyer's patch HEV in vitro or in vivo. Thus, MECA-79 defines a novel vascular addressin involved in directing lymphocyte homing to peripheral lymph nodes.

Role of Clinical Palpation in Evaluation of Cervical Lymph Node in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 02-06
Author(s):  
SM Anwar Sadat ◽  
Sufia Nasrin Rita ◽  
Shoma Banik ◽  
Md Nazmul Hasan Khandker ◽  
Md Mahfuz Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Betel Quid ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes

A cross sectional study of 29 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma with or without  cervical lymph node metastasis was done among Bangladeshi patients from January 2006 to December 2007. Majority of the study subjects (34.5%) belonged to the age group of 40-49 years. 58.6% of the study subjects were male, while remaining 41.4% of them were female. 51.7% of the lesions were located in the alveolar ridge where the other common sites were buccal mucosa (27.6%) and retro molar area (13.8%). Half of the study subjects (51.7%) were habituated to betel quid chewing followed by 37.9% and 10.3% were habituated to smoking and betel quid-smoking respectively. Grade I lesions was most prevalent (75.9%) in the study subjects.  Majority of cases presented with Stage IV lesions (55.2%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value & accuracy of clinical palpation method for determining metastatic cervical lymph nodes were 93.33%, 64.29%, 73.68%, 90% and 79.3% respectively. Careful and repeated clinical palpation plays important role in evaluation of cervical lymph nodes though several modern techniques may help additionally in the management of oral cancer.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v1i2.13978 Update Dent. Coll. j. 2011: 1(2): 02-06

scholarly journals Cervical lymph node enlargement as the initial manifestation of rectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong-Hui Xie ◽  
Peng Su ◽  
Jian-Guo Hong ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Initial Symptom ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Supraclavicular Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Enlargement

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer is a very common malignant tumor worldwide. The clinical manifestations of advanced colorectal cancer include the changes in bowel habits, hematochezia, diarrhea, local abdominal pain and other symptoms. However, the colorectal cancer with an initial symptom of cervical lymph node enlargement is extremely rare. In this article, we report a case of rectal cancer presenting with cervical lymph nodes enlargement as the initial symptom. Case presentation A 57-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for cervical lymph node enlargement which was accidentally detected during physical examination. Computed tomography scan revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. Cervical ultrasound showed normal thyroid gland and multiple left supraclavicular lymph nodes enlargement. The patient underwent lymph nodes biopsy and pathologic results showed metastatic adenocarcinoma. The subsequent lower gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a mucosal bulge lesion located at rectus and biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent rectal cancer resection. She is alive with no evidence of recurrence or new tumors 2 years after surgery. Conclusions Cervical lymph node metastasis is a rare metastatic way in colorectal cancer. This is the first case of rectal cancer presenting with cervical lymph nodes metastases as the initial symptom. Surgical resection combined with postoperative chemotherapy improved long-term prognosis of the patient. This rare metastatic way of rectal cancer should be paid attention for clinicians.

scholarly journals HIV-1 Matrix Protein p17 Promotes Lymphangiogenesis and Activates the Endothelin-1/Endothelin B Receptor Axis

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 846-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Caccuri ◽  
Christine Rueckert ◽  
Cinzia Giagulli ◽  
Kai Schulze ◽  
Daniele Basta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Lymphatic Endothelial Cells ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Tumor Dissemination ◽  
Hiv 1

Objective— AIDS-related lymphomas are high grade and aggressively metastatic with poor prognosis. Lymphangiogenesis is essential in supporting proliferation and survival of lymphoma, as well as tumor dissemination. Data suggest that aberrant lymphangiogenesis relies on action of HIV-1 proteins rather than on a direct effect of the virus itself. HIV-1 matrix protein p17 was found to accumulate and persist in lymph nodes of patients even under highly active antiretroviral therapy. Because p17 was recently found to exert a potent proangiogenic activity by interacting with chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptors 1 and 2, we tested the prolymphangiogenic activity of the viral protein. Approach and Results— Human primary lymph node–derived lymphatic endothelial cells were used to perform capillary-like structure formation, wound healing, spheroids, and Western blot assays after stimulation with or without p17. Here, we show that p17 promotes lymphangiogenesis by binding to chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor-1 and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor-2 expressed on lymph node–derived lymphatic endothelial cells and activating the Akt/extracellular signal–regulated kinase signaling pathway. In particular, it was found to induce capillary-like structure formation, sprout formation from spheroids, and increase lymph node–derived lymphatic endothelial cells motility. The p17 lymphangiogenic activity was, in part, sustained by activation of the endothelin-1/endothelin receptor B axis. A Matrigel plug assay showed that p17 was able to promote the outgrowth of lymphatic vessels in vivo, demonstrating that p17 directly regulates lymphatic vessel formation. Conclusions— Our results suggest that p17 may generate a prolymphangiogenic microenvironment and plays a role in predisposing the lymph node to lymphoma growth and metastasis. This finding offers new opportunities to identify treatment strategies in combating AIDS-related lymphomas.

Assessment of cervical lymph node metastases using indirect computed tomography lymphography with iopamidol in a tongue VX2 carcinoma model

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (8) ◽  
pp. 820-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Shu ◽  
X Xu ◽  
Z Wang ◽  
W Dai ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node Metastases ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Vx2 Carcinoma ◽  
Node Metastases

AbstractObjective:To investigate the performance of indirect computed tomography lymphography with iopamidol for detecting cervical lymph node metastases in a tongue VX2 carcinoma model.Materials and methods:A metastatic cervical lymph node model was created by implanting VX2 carcinoma suspension into the tongue submucosa of 21 rabbits. Computed tomography images were obtained 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after iopamidol injection, on days 11, 14, 21 (six rabbits each) and 28 (three rabbits) after carcinoma transplantation. Computed tomography lymphography was performed, and lymph node filling defects and enhancement characteristics evaluated.Results:Indirect computed tomography lymphography revealed bilateral enhancement of cervical lymph nodes in all animals, except for one animal imaged on day 28. There was significantly slower evacuation of contrast in metastatic than non-metastatic nodes. A total of 41 enhanced lymph nodes displayed an oval or round shape, or local filling defects. One lymph node with an oval shape was metastatic (one of 11, 9.1 per cent), while 21 nodes with filling defects were metastatic (21/30, 70 per cent). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values when using a filling defect diameter of 1.5 mm as a diagnostic criterion were 86.4, 78.9, 82.9, 82.6 and 83.3 per cent, respectively.Conclusion:When using indirect computed tomography lymphography to detect metastatic lymph nodes, filling defects and slow evacuation of contrast agent are important diagnostic features.

scholarly journals Radiocontrast agents induce endothelin release in vivo and in vitro.

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
S N Heyman ◽  
B A Clark ◽  
N Kaiser ◽  
K Spokes ◽  
S Rosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Plasma Level ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Radiocontrast Agent ◽  
Transient Rise ◽  
Bovine Endothelial Cells ◽  
Radiocontrast Agents

The intravascular administration of the ionic radiocontrast agent sodium iothalamate (2.9 g of iodine/kg body wt) to rats induced an increase in plasma concentration of immunoreactive endothelin from 21.3 +/- 1.2 to 36 +/- 3 fmol/mL, preceded by a transient rise in the plasma level of atrial natriuretic peptide and associated with a fall in RBF. Equi-iodine amounts of the nonionic agents ioxaglate and iohexol elicited similar or more marked changes in plasma endothelin, but hypertonic solutions of NaCl, mannitol, or glucose did not. Comparable levels of endothelin produced by infusions of endothelin-1 induced a reduction of up to 29% in RBF. Iothalamate and iohexol stimulated endothelin release from cultured bovine endothelial cells, suggesting a direct effect of ionic and nonionic agents on vascular endothelium. The data invite speculation that under some circumstances endothelin release might play a role in the circulatory changes caused by these compounds and in the pathogenesis of radiocontrast nephropathy.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS OF ROSAI-DORFMAN DISEASE BY FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY- A STUDY OF ELEVEN CASES WITH EMPHASIS ON SITE

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Rinsha Surendranath ◽  
M Rajani
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Massive Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease

Rosai Dorfman Disease also called as Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy is a benign proliferative disorder of histiocytes which typically affects lymph nodes of cervical region ,however extranodal sites are also being reported by many authors[1].FNAC is the investigation of choice as is it less invasive and more reliable.Aims :To study the various sites of involvement and diagnostic significance of FNAC along with the pattern of site and age distribution .We studied a series of 11 cases for a period of one year.Materials and methods: Eleven cases studied in the department of Pathology Govt. Siddhartha Medical College,Vijayawada.Material collected from Govt. General Hospital,Vijayawada.Results:The present study showed two extranodal,one axillary lymph node,one inguinal lymph node and seven cervical lymph node involment.Conclusion:Rosai- dorfman disease main clinical manifestion is cervical lymph node enlargement ,but other lymph nodes and extranodal site can also be involved.Most common age of presentation was between 20-40years

Presurgical, ultrasound-guided anchor-wire marking of impalpable cervical lymph nodes

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 627-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Bryant ◽  
N J Siddiqi ◽  
E J Loveday ◽  
G H Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cervical Lymph Node ◽  
Ultrasound Guidance ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Wire Localization ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes

This case illustrates the surgical use of wire localization, a well tried technique from a different field of surgery, in the removal of an ultrasound-detected, impalpable deep lower cervical lymph node in a high-risk patient. A localization needle with an echogenic tip was placed freehand under ultrasound guidance, immediately before surgery. The imaging and marking of the impalpable cervical lymph node resulted in a precise surgical dissection and a reduction in operating time whilst minimizing risks to the patient and staff.

A Sarcocystis-like Protozoon in a Sheep with Lymphadenopathy and Myocarditis

1978 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Landsverk ◽  
H. Gamlem ◽  
R. Svenkerud
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy

A generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes was found in an emaciated adult ewe. Additional autopsy findings included tiny grey-white necrotic foci in the heart muscle, aspiration pneumonia and diffuse pleuritis. Light microscopy showed a generalized lymphadenopathy with Perilymphadenitis, depletion of lymphocytes and histiocytosis of the lymph node. In histiocytes and vascular endothelial cells of lymph nodes, septal capillary endothelium of lungs and capillary endothelium of myocardium, early stages of a protozoan parasite were found. In the myocardium, there were many foci of necrosis, some of which contained young cysts in the periphery. These cysts were morphologically similar to those of Sarcocystis. Electron microscopy of the early protozoan stages yielded evidence of schizogony and formation of merozoites.

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