Design and evaluation of a novel triaxial isometric trunk muscle strength measurement system

2009 ◽  
Vol 223 (6) ◽  
pp. 755-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Azghani ◽  
F Farahmand ◽  
A Meghdari ◽  
G Vossoughi ◽  
M Parnianpour
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Flexion Extension

Maximal strength measurements of the trunk have been used to evaluate the maximum functional capacity of muscles and the potential mechanical overload or overuse of the lumbar spine tissues in order to estimate the risk of developing musculoskeletal injuries. A new triaxial isometric trunk strength measurement system was designed and developed in the present study, and its reliability and performance was investigated. The system consisted of three main revolute joints, equipped with torque sensors, which intersect at L5—S1 and adjustment facilities to fit the body anthropometry and to accommodate both symmetric and asymmetric postures in both seated and standing positions. The dynamics of the system was formulated to resolve validly the moment generated by trunk muscles in the three anatomic planes. The optimal gain and offset of the system were obtained using deadweights based on the least-squares linear regression analysis. The R2 results of calibration for all loading courses of all joints were higher than 0.99, which indicated an excellent linear correlation. The results of the validation analysis of the regression model suggested that the mean absolute error and the r.m.s. error were less than 2 per cent of the applied load. The maximum value of the minimum detectable change was found to be 1.63 N m for the sagittal plane torque measurement, 0.8 per cent of the full-scale load. The trial-to-trial variability analysis of the device using deadweights provided intra-class correlation coefficients of higher than 0.99, suggesting excellent reliability. The cross-talk analysis of the device indicated maximum cross-talks of 1.7 per cent and 3.4 per cent when the system was subjected to flexion—extension and lateral bending torques respectively. The trial-to-trial variability of the system during in-vivo strength measurement tests resulted in good to excellent reliability, with intra-class correlation coefficients ranging from 0.69 to 0.91. The results of the maximum voluntary isometric torques exertion measurements for 30 subjects indicated good agreement with the previously published data in the literature. The extensive capabilities and high reliability of the system are promising for more comprehensive investigations on the trunk biomechanics in future, e.g. isometric strength measurement at symmetric and asymmetric postures, muscle endurance, and recruitment pattern analysis.

A Novel Training Bike and Camera System to Evaluate Pose of Cyclists

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raman Garimella ◽  
Koen Beyers ◽  
Thomas Peeters ◽  
Stijn Verwulgen ◽  
Seppe Sels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Frontal Area ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Flexion Extension

Abstract Aerodynamic drag force can account for up to 90% of the opposing force experienced by a cyclist. Therefore, aerodynamic testing and efficiency is a priority in cycling. An inexpensive method to optimize performance is required. In this study, we evaluate a novel indoor setup as a tool for aerodynamic pose training. The setup consists of a bike, indoor home trainer, camera, and wearable inertial motion sensors. A camera calculates frontal area of the cyclist and the trainer varies resistance to the cyclist by using this as an input. To guide a cyclist to assume an optimal pose, joint angles of the body are an objective metric. To track joint angles, two methods were evaluated: optical (RGB camera for the two-dimensional angles in sagittal plane of 6 joints), and inertial sensors (wearable sensors for three-dimensional angles of 13 joints). One (1) male amateur cyclist was instructed to recreate certain static and dynamic poses on the bike. The inertial sensors provide excellent results (absolute error = 0.28°) for knee joint. Based on linear regression analysis, frontal area can be best predicted (correlation > 0.4) by chest anterior/posterior tilt, pelvis left/right rotation, neck flexion/extension, chest left/right rotation, and chest left/right lateral tilt (p < 0.01).

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of a Novel Wearable Device for Measuring Elbow Strength

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3412
Author(s):  
Marcus Brookshaw ◽  
Andrew Sexton ◽  
Chris A. McGibbon
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Strength Measurement ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Improve Measurement ◽  
Elbow Flexors And Extensors ◽  
Muscle Groups

Muscle strength is an important clinical outcome in rehabilitation and sport medicine, but options are limited to expensive but accurate isokinetic dynamometry (IKD) or inexpensive but less accurate hand-held dynamometers (HHD). A wearable, self-stabilizing, limb strength measurement device (LSMD) was developed to fill the current gap in portable strength measurement devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the LSMD in healthy adults. Twenty healthy adults were recruited to attend two strength testing sessions where elbow flexor and extensor strength was measured with the LSMD, with HHD and with IKD in random order, by two raters. Outcomes were intra-rater repeatability, inter-rater reproducibility and inter-session reproducibility using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Limits of agreement and weighted least products regression were used to test the validity of the LSMD relative to the criterion standard (IKD), and calibration formulas derived to improve measurement fidelity. ICC values for the LSMD were >0.90 for all measures of reliability and for both muscle groups, but over-predicted extensor strength and under-predicted flexor strength. Validity was established by transforming the data with the criterion standard-based calibration. These data indicate that the LSMD is reliable and conditionally valid for quantifying strength of elbow flexors and extensors in a healthy adult population.

Smartphone “Selfies”—A reliable and accurate tool for measuring elbow range of motion

2019 ◽  
pp. 175857321986920
Author(s):  
Maegan N Shields ◽  
Anthony M Vaichinger ◽  
Shawn W O’Driscoll
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Clinic Visit ◽  
Senior Author ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Loss To Follow Up ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Elbow Function

Background To determine if self-taken photographs (“selfies”), performed independently after instruction by video or illustrated handout, would be an accurate and reliable tool for capturing elbow range of motion in patients with elbow contractures. Methods Fifty patients presenting with elbow contractures participated in the study. After completion of the selfie, the senior author clinically measured flexion and extension with a goniometer. The angles from the photographs were measured and analyzed. Results The agreement between goniometer and “selfie” measurements correlated closely (R2 = 0.98) and agreement was excellent in both extension and in flexion with intra-class correlation coefficients of 0.95 (95% CI 0.92 to 0.97) in extension with a mean difference of 2° (95% CI −3° to 7°), and 0.93 (95% CI 0.89 to 0.96) in flexion with a mean difference of 4° (95% CI 0° to 8°). Systematic errors were low in extension, 0° (95% CI, ±11°) and in flexion −3° (95% CI, ±10°). Six patients demonstrated ≥10° difference between clinical and selfie measurements. Ability to take a usable selfie was inversely correlated with age (R2 = 0.97). Discussion Self-taken flexion–extension photographs are a reliable and accurate tool for measuring elbow range of motion. Errors in the selfie technique are well tolerated and appear to have a negligible effect upon measurements of motion. This important parameter of elbow function can therefore be obtained outside a normal clinic visit, thereby improving frequency of follow-up assessments (and minimizing loss to follow-up) necessary for quality control and research.

scholarly journals Body height and its estimation utilizing arm span measurements in population of Birgunj Area of Nepal: An Anthropometric study

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
RP Sah ◽  
A Kumar ◽  
RK Bhaskar
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Measuring Tape

Background Arm span is the most reliable anthropometric measurement to predict the stature of an individual. Age and sex have to be taken into account to the best to predict height from arm span. It is useful in predicting age related loss in stature and in identifying individuals with disproportionate growth abnormalities and skeletal dysplasia. Objective The present study was under taken to measure the stature as well as arm span and to determine whether there is any correlation between the stature and the arm span Method This cross sectional type of descriptive study was carried out with a total number of 400 Nepalese adult population consisting of 225 Nepalese male adults and 175 female adults aged between 25 to 45 years. Stature and arm span were measured directly from the subjects by using anthropometric technique by a measuring tape. The data taken were statistically analyzed by computation to find out its normative value. The relationship between body height and arm span were determined using simple correlation coefficients. Then a linear regression analysis was performed to examine the extent to which arm span can readily predict body height Results The results have shown male of Birgunj are 167.39± 6.170 cm tall and have arm span of 168.01±7.659 cm, while female of Birgunj are 155.61±6.894 cm and have arm span of 159.25±6..362cm. The results obtained are substantially alike in other populations, since arm span was too close to body heights in male and greater in female. Conclusion The body height and arm span correlates well in males but not in females. This confirms the necessity for developing separate height models for each population and different sex. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-4, 9-13 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i4.10231

scholarly journals Hubungan Motif Penggunaan Informasi dalam Beauty Journal dengan Kepuasan Pengunjung Website Sociolla.com (Survei Terhadap Perempuan Pengguna Situs Sociolla.com)

Prologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Disha Naftali ◽  
Farid Rusdi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Skin Condition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Uses And Gratification ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
The Relationship

Many ways are used to support the appearance properly one of which is to treat the body and use beauty products. Many quality products offered by Sociolla.com sometimes make users also confused to choose the best product for their conditions. With the Beauty Journal feature, users can find out in advance superior products that are in accordance with the user's skin condition, based on price, based on local brands and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the relationship between the motives for using information in the Beauty Journal with the satisfaction of Sociolla.com website visitors. This study uses a quantitative approach. The theoretical foundation used in this research is uses and gratification and online media. The independent variable in this study is the motive for using Beauty Journal information and the dependent variable is the level of satisfaction of website visitors at sociolla.com on the information in the Beauty Journal feature. Researchers used a purposive sampling technique with 100 respondent sample. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires in the form of Google Forms consisting of 30 indicators. Data analysis techniques used correlation coefficients, simple linear regression analysis and coefficient of determination. The final result obtained is the motive for using information in the Beauty Journal to influence the satisfaction of visitors to the website sociolla.com.Banyak cara yang digunakan untuk menunjang penampilan dengan baik salah satunya adalah dengan merawat tubuh dan menggunakan produk kecantikan. Banyak produk yang berkualitas yang ditawarkan oleh Sociolla.com terkadang membuat pengguna juga bingung untuk memilih produk yang terbaik untuk kondisi mereka. Dengan adanya fitur Beauty Journal, pengguna bisa mencari tahu terlebih dahulu produk unggulan yang sesuai dengan kondisi kulit pengguna, berdasarkan harga, berdasarkan merek lokal dan lain-lain. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh hubungan motif penggunaan informasi dalam Beauty Journal dengan kepuasan pengunjung website Sociolla.com. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Landasan teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uses and gratification dan media online. Variabel independen pada penelitian ini adalah motif penggunaan informasi Beauty Journal dan variabel dependen adalah tingkat kepuasan pengunjung website sociolla.com terhadap informasi dalam fitur Beauty Journal. Peneliti menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuisioner berupa Google Forms yang terdiri dari 30 indikator. Teknik analisis data menggunakan koefisien korelasi, analisis regresi linear sederhana dan koefisien determinasi. Hasil akhir yang diperoleh adalah motif penggunaan informasi dalam Beauty Journal berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan pengunjung website sociolla.com.

Prediction of lymph node metastase in NSCLC

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (05) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Beyer ◽  
B. Buerke ◽  
J. Gerss ◽  
K. Scheffe ◽  
M. Puesken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Axial Diameter ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

SummaryPurpose: To distinguish between benign and malignant mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with NSCLC by comparing 2D and semiautomated 3D measurements in FDG-PET-CT.Patients, material, methods: FDG-PET-CT was performed in 46 patients prior to therapy. 299 mediastinal lymph-nodes were evaluated independently by two radiologists, both manually and by semi-automatic segmentation software. Longest-axial-diameter (LAD), shortest-axial-diameter (SAD), maximal-3D-diameter, elongation and volume were obtained. FDG-PET-CT and clinical/FDG-PET-CT follow up examinations and/or histology served as the reference standard. Statistical analysis encompassed intra-class-correlation-coefficients and receiver-operator-characteristics-curves (ROC). Results: The standard of reference revealed involvement in 87 (29%) of 299 lymph nodes. Manually and semi-automatically measured 2D parameters (LAD and SAD) showed a good correlation with mean

scholarly journals Is there a relationship between the overhead press and split jerk maximum performance? Influence of sex

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110204
Author(s):  
Marcos A Soriano ◽  
G Gregory Haff ◽  
Paul Comfort ◽  
Francisco J Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Antonio Torres-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Maximum Performance ◽  
Repetition Maximum ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients

The aims of this study were to (I) determine the differences and relationship between the overhead press and split jerk performance in athletes involved in weightlifting training, and (II) explore the magnitude of these differences in one-repetition maximum (1RM) performances between sexes. Sixty-one men (age: 30.4 ± 6.7 years; height: 1.8 ± 0.5 m; body mass 82.5 ± 8.5 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.7 ± 3.5 yrs) and 21 women (age: 29.5 ± 5.2 yrs; height: 1.7 ± 0.5 m; body mass: 62.6 ± 5.7 kg; weightlifting training experience: 3.0 ± 1.5 yrs) participated. The 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk were assessed for all participants, with the overhead press assessed on two occasions to determine between-session reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and 95% confidence intervals showed a high reliability for the overhead press ICC = 0.98 (0.97 – 0.99). A very strong correlation and significant differences were found between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances for all participants (r = 0.90 [0.93 – 0.85], 60.2 ± 18.3 kg, 95.7 ± 29.3 kg, p ≤ 0.001). Men demonstrated stronger correlations between the overhead press and split jerk 1RM performances (r = 0.83 [0.73-0.90], p ≤ 0.001) compared with women (r = 0.56 [0.17-0.80], p = 0.008). These results provide evidence that 1RM performance of the overhead press and split jerk performance are highly related, highlighting the importance of upper-limb strength in the split jerk maximum performance.

scholarly journals Prevention of Advanced Cancer by Vitamin D3 Supplementation: Interaction by Body Mass Index Revisited

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
Sabine Kuznia ◽  
Clarissa Laetsch ◽  
Tobias Niedermaier ◽  
Ben Schöttker
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Vitamin D3 Supplementation

Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated a protective effect of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation against cancer mortality. In the VITAL study, a RCT including 25,871 men ≥ 50 years and women ≥ 55 years, protective effects of vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU/day over a median of 5.3 years) with respect to incidence of any cancer and of advanced cancer (metastatic cancer or cancer death) were seen for normal-weight participants but not for overweight or obese participants. We aimed to explore potential reasons for this apparent variation of vitamin D effects by body mass index. We conducted complementary analyses of published data from the VITAL study on the association of body weight with cancer outcomes, stratified by vitamin D3 supplementation. Significantly increased risks of any cancer and of advanced cancer were seen among normal-weight participants compared to obese participants in the control group (relative risk (RR), 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.07–1.52, and RR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.04–1.97, respectively). No such patterns were seen in the intervention group. Among those with incident cancer, vitamin D3 supplementation was associated with a significantly reduced risk of advanced cancer (RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74–0.99). The observed patterns point to pre-diagnostic weight loss of cancer patients and preventive effects of vitamin D3 supplementation from cancer progression as plausible explanations for the body mass index (BMI)—intervention interactions. Further research, including RCTs more comprehensively exploring the potential of adjuvant vitamin D therapy for cancer patients, should be pursued with priority.

scholarly journals Objectivation of an Educational Model in Cranial Osteopathy Based on Experience

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Jesús Requena-García ◽  
Evelyn García-Nieto ◽  
David Varillas-Delgado
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Lateral Compression ◽  
Educational Model ◽  
Reliability Study ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Observer Reliability ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
Manual Palpation ◽  
Base Of The Skull

Background and Objectives: The techniques directed to the cranial field in osteopathy are the most questioned due to the lack of scientific evidence. In osteopathic practice, manual palpation is essential and, therefore, measuring reliability is fundamental. The objective of this study is to assess the precision and objectification of an educational model in cranial osteopathy based on experience. Materials and Methods: A reliability study was conducted in a cadaver skull where a strain gauge was placed on the sphenobasilar synchondrosis (SBS) of the base of the skull. Three cranial osteopathic techniques (lateral compression, anteroposterior compression, and compression maneuver of the mastoids) were performed 25 times by osteopaths with different degrees of experience (5–10 years, 1–5 years, <1 year). Measurements were computed for each of the three techniques of each group in comparison with the osteopath with >15 years of experience. Data were analyzed to check for inter- and intra-observer reliability using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Results: Reliability in osteopaths with 5–10 years’ experience (observer 1 and observer 2) performing all three techniques was higher (p < 0.001) than the osteopath with >15 years’ experience. Little or no reliability were observed in osteopaths with less experience. Conclusions: The experience of the osteopaths determines the reliability and effectiveness of the cranial techniques, a fundamental part in objectifying these techniques. This model can help implement objective training in cranial osteopathy formation.

Growth performance, correlation and regression estimates of seven-chicken strains in South-Western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
A. J. Atansuyi ◽  
U. C. Ihendu ◽  
C. A. Chineke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Study Results

This study was conducted to determine the growth performance, correlation and regression estimates of seven-chicken strains in South-western Nigeria using a total of 300 day-old chicks. The birds were divided into seven groups based on their strain. The seven strains are Normal feather (NF), Fulani ecotype (FE), Frizzle feather (FF), naked neck (NN) and Transylvania indigenous strains while Hubbard and Marshal were meat-type exotic chickens. There were forty- five (45) unsexed day-old chicks in each strain except the Frizzle feather that were 30 in number. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for the trial that lasted for 8 weeks. The birds were fed experimental diets ad libitum throughout the period of the study. Results showed that there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the initial and final weights of the birds. It was observed that exotic strains weighed heavier (3569.73gHB) than their indigenous counterparts (1391.11gNF). However, the Fulani ecotype weighed heaviest (1840.99g) among Nigeria indigenous strains during the experimental period. This showed that FE strains are generally heavy breed chicken and could be incorporated into a meat producing indigenous chicken if improved upon. The result of the correlation coefficients showed that a very strong, positive and highly significant (P<0.001) relationship existed between body weights and linear body measurements as most of the values are (>0.40). All the body parameter examined had significant (p<0.01) and direct relationship with the body weight. Shoulder-to-tail length (STL) had the highest coefficient of 0.98.The high correlation estimates obtained in this study could be as a result of pleiotropy, heterozygosity or linkage of genes in the birds. The three functions were highly significant (p<0.05) for all the parameters studied. This shows that the functions well described the parameters. On the basis of coefficient of determination (R ), the body weight of poultry birds at any age can be predicted most accurately with BRG using cubic function.

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