scholarly journals Study on the changes in TSH, TPO-Ab and other indicators due to Vitamin D deficiency in Pregnant Women with subclinical hypothyroidism in the first trimester

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Zhou ◽  
Ben Li ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Zhihong Li
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Subclinical Hypothyroidism ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To investigate the effect of vitamin D deficiency on the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in pregnant women with early pregnancy complicated by subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods: A total of 172 pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism in the first trimester diagnosed and treated in a given hospital from August 2014 to May 2018 were selected, and their levels of vitamin D were determined. Depending on the abnormality of their vitamin D levels, the study participants were divided into two groups: the study group (vitamin D≤20 ng/L) and the control group (vitamin D>20 ng/L). The levels of TSH, TPO-Ab, IL-1 and hsCRP in the two groups were measured. Results: The levels of TSH, hsCRP and TPO-Ab in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The comparison between the two groups in terms of IL-1 showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency in the first trimester is associated with in an increased level of TSH in the first trimester, thereby aggravating subclinical hypothyroidism. The mechanism may be associated with the impact of vitamin D deficiency on hs-CRP and other body inflammation indicators, as well as on thyroid autoantibodies and other immune indicators, but has no effect on IL-1 levels. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.1982 How to cite this:Zhou X, Li B, Wang C, Li Z. Study on the changes in TSH, TPO-Ab and other indicators due to Vitamin D deficiency in Pregnant Women with subclinical hypothyroidism in the first trimester. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.1982 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Serum Vitamine D3 Level in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-98
Author(s):  
Riham M. Enab ◽  
Amal A. El Sokary ◽  
Heba A. Mourad ◽  
Amal E. Mahfouz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Vitamin D3 is synthesized in skin and sequentially metabolized in liver and kidney in humans. It is well known for its function in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and promoting bone mineralization. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate vitamin D3 level in pregnant women who were suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus and comparing it with the control groups. Materials and Methods: This case control study was conducted on 100 pregnant women who were attending the inpatient and outpatient clinics of Obstetrics department, Tanta University Hospital, who were divided into two equal groups.Group A (control group): Fifty apparently healthy pregnant women at 24th-28th weeks of gestation. Group B (study group): Fifty pregnant women had gestational diabetes. Results: There is significant increase between the two studied groups according to HbA1c, also there is decrease between the two groups as regards VIT D. Mean HbA1c % was statistically significant higher in the study group versus control group. There was statistical significant difference noted between mean serum level of vitamin D among the two studied groups. A statistically significant negative correlation was observed between serum 25 OH vitamin D and HbA1c among our cases (r=- 0.745) (p ≤ 0.001). Mean serum vitamin D was significantly lower in cases with complications than those with normal outcome. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may have a positive relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Association of Vitamin D Deficiency in Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2572-2573
Author(s):  
Khalil Ullah ◽  
Sajid Ur Rehman ◽  
Ramsha Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Abubakar ◽  
Qasim Raza
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Serum Vitamin D

Aim: Relationship between Vitamin D deficiency and pulmonary tuberculosis. Methodology: Study duration: November 2020 to April 2021 Sampling technique: A case-control study Setting: Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar It included 30 adult newly identified sputum-quality pulmonary tuberculosis patients and 30 age and sex matched healthy cases as controls. All cases had undergone a thorough medical examination and repeated laboratory tests, including vitamin D, calcium, and sputum for AFB and X-ray chest. Results: Majority were males (88%). In the Study group, BMI decreased significantly i.e. 19.0 vs 23.5. Serum vitamin D concentrations were significantly lower in the tuberculosis group i.e. 17.9ng/dl than in the control group 24.8ng/dl. Mean of serum albumin in the control group was 3.9 ng/dl whereas 2.9 ng/dl in the study group. Conclusion: Hypovitaminosis D was associated with more severe medical symptoms, increased sputum smear positivity and large lesions on chest radiographs in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Keywords: Vitamin D, Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Sputum

scholarly journals Examining Metabolic Profiles in Opioid-‎Dependent Patients ‎

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 28681
Author(s):  
Nader Molavi ◽  
Amir Ghaderi ◽  
Hamid Reza Banafshe
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Opioid Users

Background: Drug abuse is a social burden and a public health disorder. Previous evidence suggested numerous illicit substances (e.g., opioids, amphetamines, cocaine, & cannabis) affect immune system functions, oxidative stress mechanisms, inflammatory cytokines, and reactive oxygen species production. This study aimed to determine the extent of these metabolic parameters in opioid-dependent patients. We also compared these patients with a healthy control group. Methods: This study was conducted in Amirie Clinic, Kashan, Iran. Plasma and serum samples from 50 illicit opioid users (study group) and 50 non-opioid users (control group) were studied. Metabolic levels for MDA, NO, TAC, GSH, Insulin, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP were assessed in both research groups (N=100). Results: There was a significant difference in the status of MDA (P=0.003), NO (P=0.01), TAC (P=0.003), GSH (P=0.001), insulin (P=0.04), HOMA-IR (P=0.02), and hs-CRP (P=0.001) between the study and control groups. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation among the duration of illicit opioid use and MDA concentrations (r=-0.424, P=0.002), as well as TAC levels (r=0.314, P=0.02). Conclusion: The study results suggested metabolic profiles were impaired in the study group, compared to the controls.  

scholarly journals Hypovitaminosis D in pregnancy and its correlation with preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Kumari ◽  
Shaila Mitra ◽  
Harish C Tiwari ◽  
Reena Srivastav
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Impact

Background: Hypovitaminosis D has been associated with a number of adverse pregnancy outcomes, and has been recognised as a public health concern. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of Vitamin D deficiency on maternal complications like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE) among pregnant women.Methods: This was a case control study undertaken at antenatal clinics and indoor of BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Two maternal blood samples, one at <20 weeks and other at term along with cord blood at delivery were taken. Patients were classified into preeclampsia (n=60), gestational diabetes mellitus (n=35) and control group (n=180) after abstracting past medical records at delivery. Vitamin D was estimated by 25- Hydroxyvitamin D125 RIA kit and categorized according to ACOG criteria. Statistical analysis was done by using chi square test, binary logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation coefficient to compare between two variables. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Out of 275 women included in the study, 78% of women were Vitamin D deficient. Mean serum vitamin D was significantly lower among preeclamptic women 11.53±6.22 ng/ml and GDM women 12.62±6.69 ng/ml as compared to controls 24.25±14.44 ng/ml (median=18.2 ng/ml) (P<0.05). Vitamin D deficiency was significantly higher in pregnant women GDM (94.28% vs 68.3%) and preeclampsia (96.67% vs 68.3%) when compared to uncomplicated group.Conclusions: Maternal vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in early pregnancy and is significantly associated with elevated risk for GDM and preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Distribution of thyroid peroxidase positivity and its effects on thyroid function in normal pregnant women during 1st trimester in Dhaka city

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Ohida Sultanaa ◽  
Nasim Jahan ◽  
Nayma Sultana ◽  
Farzana Mahmudad ◽  
Tazdik G Chowdhurye
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Group B

Objective: To measure the distribution of TPO-Ab positivity and to observe the effect of thyroid peroxidase positivity on thyroid function during first trimester in normal pregnancy. Method: A cross sectional among 120 subjects were taken in this study and divided into control and study groups. Control group (Group A) consisted of 60 healthy non pregnant women age ranged between 20 to 35 years. Study group (Group B) consisted of 60 normal pregnant women of same age range. Group B was further subdivided into group B1 and group B2according to the level of TPO-Ab. Group B1 consisted of TPO-Ab positive pregnant women and group B2 consisted of TPO- Ab negative pregnant women. Control group was selected from personal contacts and study group from Out Patient Department (OPD) of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital. For assessment of thyroid function, serum free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured. Serum FT4, TSH were measured by Enzyme link immunosorbant (ELISA) method. Again, serum TPO-Ab of total study population and hCG of all the pregnant women were measured. Serum TPO-Ab by Micro particle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) method and hCG was estimated by ELISA. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 17. Results: In this study, serum FT4 and was significantly (P<0.001) higher and TSH level was significantly (P<0.001) lower in normal pregnant women during 1st trimester in comparison to those of non pregnant women. Again, 18% of pregnant women showed TPO-Ab positivity. However, serum FT4 level was significantly (P<0.001) lower whereas, TSH level was significantly (p<0.001) higher in TPO-Ab positive pregnant women in comparison to those of TPO-Ab negative pregnant women. Conclusion: TPO-Ab positivity increases during 1st trimester of normal pregnancy which decreases the hyper functional state of thyroid hormones. So, thyroid screening should be done routinely during pregnancy. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v4i1.21160 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2014; 4 (1): 15-20

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Relationship between Micronutrients and Gestational Diabetes

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farideh Akhlaghi ◽  
Seyyed Majid Bagheri ◽  
Omid Rajabi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Micronutrient Concentration ◽  
And Control

In this paper, we studied the relation between the micronutrient and gestational diabetes. Therefore, we measured micronutrient concentration including Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Se in serum of women with gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of gestational age (study group) who had inclusion criteria and comparison with micronutrient levels in normal pregnant women with same gestational age (control group). Results showed that there was no significant difference between the serum micronutrient level (Ni, Al, Cr, Mg, Zn, Cu, Se) in study and control groups except serum level of iron which in serum of gestational diabetic women was lower than normal pregnant women and difference was significant.

scholarly journals Ultrasound elastography capabilities in studying uterine cerviх state in pregnant women of high-risk group in the first trimester of pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-661
Author(s):  
M G Tukhbatullin ◽  
K V Yanakova
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormality ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim. To study capabilities of quantitative elastographic study to assess the elasticity of the uterine cervix in women with a fetal chromosomal abnormality in the first trimester of pregnancy.Methods. 230 pregnant women of high-risk group at 11-13.6 weeks of pregnancy (parietal-coccygeal length 45-84 mm) were included in this study. The first group consisted of 213 women without fetal pathology. The second group included 17 women, in whose fetuses different chromosomal abnormalities were detected. In ultrasound examination of pregnant women in the I trimester of pregnancy, in addition to standard methods of examination, quantitative cervical elastography was performed.Results. According to results of quantitative elastography in 14 (82.35%) out of 17 pregnant women (second group) one or another degree of the cervical tissue softening was found, and 3 (17.64%) pregnant women with fetal chromosomal pathology had stiff cervix (all 3 cases with Down syndrome). In the control group in 10 (4.7%) of 213 pregnant women relatively soft cervix was identified, and in 203 (95.3%) women cervical density was higher than the myometrial density. A statistically significant difference between the indices of SWE-Ratio in groups was revealed. Quantitative elastography, as a diagnostic test predicting the risk of miscarriage due to chromosomal abnormalities, has a high sensitivity (84.38%) and even higher specificity (95.26%) of negative predictive value 97.57%.Conclusion. Quantitative elastography reveals a significant decrease in the cervical elasticity (softening) in pregnant women with fetal chromosomal abnormality in the I trimester of pregnancy, which allows us to recommend this method of ultrasound examination as an additional marker for early diagnosis of miscarriage due to fetal chromosomal abnormality.

scholarly journals Comparison of Salivary Alpha-Amylase, Sialic Acid, and pH in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Shirzaiy ◽  
Zohreh Dalirsani
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives During pregnancy, systemic physiological alterations lead to some changes in the oral cavity, which could prepare the mouth environment for oral and dental problems. This study was aimed to investigate salivary α-amylase, sialic acid levels, and pH levels in pregnant and nonpregnant females. Materials and Methods In this analytical, case–control study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected with spiting method from 35 pregnant women (case group) and 35 nonpregnant women (control group) and transferred to the laboratory to assess salivary α-amylase, sialic acid, and pH levels. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version: 19) software through statistical methods of independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results The mean sialic acid levels were 2.285 ± 1.230 mg/dL in pregnant and 2.744 ± 1.326 in nonpregnant women without any significant difference (p = 0.138). The mean salivary α-amylase concentrations were 2.461 ± 1.869 U/L and 2.439 ± 2.058 U/L, respectively, in pregnant and nonpregnant women, with no significant difference (p = 0.963).The mean salivary pH in nonpregnant women was significantly more than that in pregnant women (7.845 ± 0.430 and 6.868 ± 0.413, respectively) (p < 0.001). Also, the mean salivary pH levels in pregnant women were 7.474 ± 0.420 in the first trimester, 6.868 ± 0.413 in the second trimester, and 6.568 ± 0.387 in the third trimester, which were significantly different (p < 0.001). Conclusion Salivary sialic acid and α-amylase levels among pregnant women were no different from those of other subjects. During pregnancy, the salivary pH significantly reduced, and the mean salivary pH during pregnancy had a decreasing trend from the first trimester to the third trimester.

scholarly journals ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN ENDOTHELIAL CELL OF RETINA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sonpal Jindal ◽  
Dr. Mukesh Kumar Taneja
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Endothelial Cell ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Corneal Endothelial Cell Density

Vitamin D deficiency is a common health problem worldwide. Many parts of the human eye, including the epithelium of the cornea, lens, ciliary body, and retinal pigment epithelium, as well as the corneal endothelium, ganglion cell layer, and retinal photoreceptors, contain vitamin D receptor. Physiological effects of vitamin D From an ocular point of view, the role in macular and retinal health had been advanced, as well as the involvement in corneal inflammatory response, wound healing, and dry eye disease. The most important effect of vitamin D is on, phosphorus, calcium metabolism and on bone mineralization. Recently, it was observed that vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are related with common cancers, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndromes, infectious, and many chronic diseases including autoimmune disease. Benefits of vitamin D may be amplified through synergistic interaction with topical corticosteroids which accelerates improvement in corneal shape and optics, substantially benefiting the control of ocular surface disease and dry eye symptoms. Aqueous humour is the primary source responsible for the feeding of corneal endothelial layer hence endothelial abnormalities can be expected due to accumulated inflammatory cytokines and multiple toxic products in the aqueous humour of the patients with vitamin D deficiency. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Subjects were selected with vitamin D deficiency in the age group of 20–55 years. 50 patients having serum vitamin D levels <15 ng/ml were included in the study. Serum vitamin D levels of <15 ng/ml were included in the control group. Vitamin D levels in tear fluid were measured by direct competitive chemiluminescent enzyme linked immunoassay. A complete ophthalmic evaluation was performed in all participants which includes assessment of visual acuity, anterior segment evaluation and posterior segment evaluation. Specular microscopy was performed on the eyes of the patients with vitamin D deficiency and healthy control group individuals. Corneal endothelial cell density (CD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) values were calculated automatically using the software of the specular microscope.  RESULTS: The study group included 23 male and 27 female subjects while study group included 24 male and 26 female. Mean age of male in study group was 46.4 ± 12.56 and female was 45.6 ± 11.77. In control group mean male age was 48.5 ± 9.25 and female age was 49.56 ± 12.55. In study group Mean Corneal endothelial cell density (CD)  was observed as 2632.89 ± 189.25 cells/mm 2  and Mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 587.2 ± 25.89 μ. In control group Mean Corneal endothelial cell density (CD) was observed as 2954.97 ± 116.89 cells/mm 2  and Mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 546.0 ± 36.22 μ. Vitamin D levels of Tears in study group was 8.4 ± 1.7 ng/ml  and in control group it was 16.2 ± 2.3 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: It has been observed that there is statistically significant difference in the corneal endothelial cell density (CD) and central corneal thickness (CCT) in patients with vitamin D deficiency. It was observed that Vitamin D is present in tear fluid and there is significant difference in the levels of vitamin D in study and control group.

scholarly journals The impact of outpatient clinical care on the survival and hospitalisation rate in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Dejan Majc ◽  
Bojan Tepes
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Hospitalisation Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The Impact

AbstractBackgroundIn the study, we aimed to determine whether regular outpatient controls in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis have an impact on their survival and hospitalisation rates.Patients and methodsWe included patients with liver cirrhosis and regular outpatient controls as a prospective study group and patients with liver cirrhosis who were admitted to hospital only in cases of complications as a retrospective control group. The study was conducted between 2006 and 2011.ResultsWe included 98 patients in the study group and 101 patients in the control group. There were more outpatient controls in the study group than in the control group (5.54 examinations vs. 2.27 examinations, p = 0.000). Patients in the study group had 25 fewer hospitalisations (10.2%; p = 0.612). The median survival rate was 4.6 years in the study group and 2.9 years in the control group (p = 0.021). Patients with Child A classification had an average survival of one year longer in the study group (p = 0.035). No significant difference was found for Child B patients. Patients with Child C classification had longer survival by 1.6 years in the study group (p = 0.006). Alcohol consumption was lower in the study group than in the control group (p = 0.018).ConclusionsWe confirmed that patients with regular outpatient controls had lower alcohol consumption, a lower hospitalisation rate and significantly prolonged survival time. We confirmed the necessity for the establishment of regular outpatient controls in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.

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