scholarly journals Annual concentrations of thyroxin and progesterone in Karagouniko and Chios ewes

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
D. KANTAS (Δ. ΚΑΝΤΑΣ) ◽  
E. VALASI (Ε. ΒΑΛΑΣΗ) ◽  
Th. TSILIGIANNI (Θ. ΤΣΙΛΙΓΙΑΝΝΗ) ◽  
E. NTOVOLOU (Ε. ΝΤΟΒΟΛΟΥ) ◽  
G. RIGAS (Γ. ΡΗΓΑΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Reproductive Pattern ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
The Mean

The circannual secretion of progesterone and thyroxin of two indigenous sheep breeds (Chios and Karagouniko, each n=10) with different reproductive pattern was investigated. Blood samples were collected weekly and the serum hormone's concentration was assayed by RIA. Between breeds, no difference was detected in the mean annual thyroxin concentration. Similarly, no differences were detected within breeds in the mean thyroxin concentrations for the periods of increasing and decreasing daylight. Clear thyroxin peaks were detected in both breeds a month or so prior to the transition to anestrus period; these peaks were higher in the Karagouniko breed. Breeding season duration was clearly shorter in Karagouniko in comparison with that of Chios; in the later breed many animals had substantially short anestrus. These results give strong indications that thyroid activity has a catalytic role in the regulation of the reproductive period in ewes.

scholarly journals 373 Response to kisspetin as a possible reference for puberty age in heifer

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 139-139
Author(s):  
Guilherme D Nogueira ◽  
Ana Flavia T Paiva ◽  
Tiago Rodrigues ◽  
Waneska Frizzarini ◽  
João Scaliante
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age At Puberty ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the variation of LH concentrations in response to kisspeptin as a way to evaluate the neuroendocrine maturation of Nellore heifers. The hypothesis was that the LH response to kisspeptin increases with age as the number of kisspeptin receptors increase in the CNS. Initially 50 weaned heifers were segregated according to the weaning weight as light (174±1 kg) or heavy (232±2 kg). Both groups received a kisspeptin injection (10μg/kg; IM) monthly from weaning to 16 months, and blood samples were collected 20 minutes after each application. After 16 months of age, heifers were exposed to bulls (25:1) for 60 days and pregnancy was determined 30 days after the end of the breeding season. The LH concentration in response to kisspeptin increased over time (P = 0.001), but there was no difference between light and heavy heifers over the 8-month period (3.62±0.14, 3.34±0.16 ng/ml; P = 0.3853). Similarly, no differences were observed between heifers that became pregnant or not (3.42±0.12, 3.67±0.20 ng/ml; P = 0.3169). Due to the high LH concentrations at 8 months of age (3.06±0.19 ng/ml), another experiment was performed in younger heifers. Fifty newborn Nellore heifers (29±0.3 kg) from the same herd received monthly injections of kisspeptin until weaning. There was also an increase in LH concentrations in response to kisspeptin over time (P = 0.001), but the mean LH concentrations in this experiment (4.05±0.22ng/mL) were considerably greater than those in postweaning heifers. Our interpretation is that genetic differences likely contributed to the different responses to kisspeptin between the two experiments. In order to test this hypothesis, the LH response to kisspeptin will be evaluated in a large number of animals from different herds at weaning to determine the effect of genetic variability on kisspeptin response and possibly to use this phenotype as a marker for age at puberty.

scholarly journals Ovarian and thyroid activity of the Lacaune ewes breed during the year in Greece

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. MENEGATOS (Ι. ΜΕΝΕΓΑΤΟΣ) ◽  
S. CHADIO (Σ. ΧΑΔΙΩ) ◽  
V. DOSOPOULOS (Β. ΔΟΣΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ) ◽  
D. KALOGIANNIS (Δ. ΚΑΛΟΓΙΑΝΝΗΣ) ◽  
E. XYLOURI (Ε. ΞΥΛΟΥΡΗ)
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Thyroid Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Thyroxine ◽  
One Year ◽  
Ovarian Cycles

Ovarian and thyroid activity was studied in 10 ewes of Lacuane breed during one year. Ewes were maintained separately from rams and were fed. The aim of the study was to determine the duration of the anestrus period. Blood samples were collected weekly for the determination of progesterone levels. Thyroxine levels were also determined. Progesterone concentrations > 1 ng/ml were considered as indicative of ovulation, whereas levels between 0.5-0.9 ng/ml as indicative of follicle luteinizations or short lived corpus luteum. Two ewes showed persistent corpus luteum which regressed in deep anestrus period. The first ovulation occurred on 18th August ±10 days. The duration of the breeding season (the interval from the first to the last ovulation) was estimated to be 158 ± 8 days and the number of ovarian cycles during this period was 9.0 ± 0.6 per ewe. A significant correlation was observed between the time of the last ovulation and the duration of the breeding season, (Y=l4l.4+0.96X, r2 = 0.71, P<0.01). Serum thyroxine levels in every fifteen days samples fluctuate from 47 ± 4 during the first half of August to 82 ± 5 during the second half of December. Mean thyroxine levels during the time of increasing daylength (23rd December to 22nd  June) were 71.2 ± 2 ng/ml and during that of decreasing daylength (23rd June to 22nd December) 59.4 ± 3 ng/ml, (p<0.001). In conclusion, this study showed that the ewes of the Lacaune breed exhibit a long anestrous period compared to the indigenous Greek breeds. Hormonal control of estrus is necessary for the out-of season lambing. Finally, thyroid function shows a significant seasonality, as has been demonstrated in all other breeds of sheep studied so far.

COMPORTAMENTO REPRODUTIVO DAS MULHERES RIBEIRINHAS DO AMANÃ

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edila Arnaud Ferreira Moura
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
The Mean

This work presents the results of a study about the reproductive behavior of riverine women living in the Sustainable Development Reserve Amanã, in the Middle Solimões region, state of Amazonas. The study was done in 2001 with the objective of identify aspects of the reproductive behavior of 83 women, collected through reproductive history methodology. These women live in small localities along the rivers and lakes in the middle of the Amazonian forest. The study identified that these women initialize their reproductive period at the age of 17, in average, and the mean age of their last pregnancy occurs at the age of 42, considering those above 50 years old. 36% of these 83 women had lost one or more of their children before the age of five. Only 16% use contraceptives and 12% are sterilized. They don’t have access to the basic health assistance in a regular basis and the local midwives are extremely important in their assistance during pregnancy and delivery. This study em phasizes the importance of reproductive health programs including those social and cultural local conditions.

Association of Retained Fetal Membranes with Haematological Profile in Crossbred Cows

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rokde ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
A. Bhardwaz ◽  
S. S. Mahour ◽  
S. P. Nema ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Haematological Profile ◽  
The Mean

This study was carried out on clinical cases of retained fetal membranes in crossbred cows presented at College Clinics and College dairy farm and from Villages in and around Mhow. The blood samples were collected from jugular vein just before 12 hr. postpartum and on 7th day postpartum. Haematological profile revealed that the mean values of haemoglobin, neutrophil and monocyte count after 12 hrs and 7th day postpartum were significantly lower and lymphocyte count was significantly higher in RFM cows (n=18) than normally calved cows (n=6). The differences in mean TLC, eosinophil and basophil counts were non-significant at 12 hrs postpartum, however on 7th day postpartum the TLC and eosinophil count were significantly higher and basophil count was non-significantly different in RFM cows than the normally calved cows.

scholarly journals Evidence for use of both capital and income breeding strategies in the mangrove tree crab, Aratus pisonii

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade Carver ◽  
Morgan Meidell ◽  
Zachary J. Cannizzo ◽  
Blaine D. Griffen
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Mangrove Tree ◽  
Income Breeding ◽  
Aratus Pisonii ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Capital And Income Breeding

AbstractTwo common strategies organisms use to finance reproduction are capital breeding (using energy stored prior to reproduction) and income breeding (using energy gathered during the reproductive period). Understanding which of these two strategies a species uses can help in predicting its population dynamics and how it will respond to environmental change. Brachyuran crabs have historically been considered capital breeders as a group, but recent evidence has challenged this assumption. Here, we focus on the mangrove tree crab, Aratus pisonii, and examine its breeding strategy on the Atlantic Florida coast. We collected crabs during and after their breeding season (March–October) and dissected them to discern how energy was stored and utilized for reproduction. We found patterns of reproduction and energy storage that are consistent with both the use of stored energy (capital) and energy acquired (income) during the breeding season. We also found that energy acquisition and storage patterns that supported reproduction were influenced by unequal tidal patterns associated with the syzygy tide inequality cycle. Contrary to previous assumptions for crabs, we suggest that species of crab that produce multiple clutches of eggs during long breeding seasons (many tropical and subtropical species) may commonly use income breeding strategies.

scholarly journals Handling Associated with Drenching Does Not Impact Survival and General Health of Low Birth Weight Piglets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Kevin Van Tichelen ◽  
Sara Prims ◽  
Miriam Ayuso ◽  
Céline Van Kerschaver ◽  
Mario Vandaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Additional Stress ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Panel Test ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
The Mean

The increase in litter sizes in recent years has resulted in more low birth weight (LBW) piglets, accompanied by a higher mortality. A potential intervention to overcome this is drenching bioactive substances. However, if the act of drenching provokes additional stress in LBW piglets, it might counteract the supplement’s effect and be detrimental for the piglet’s survival. To study the effect of the drenching act, piglets from 67 sows were weighed within 4 h after birth. The mean litter birth weight (MLBW) and standard deviation (SD) were calculated. LBW piglets (n = 76) were defined as weighing between (MLBW-1*SD) and (MLBW-2.5*SD). They were randomly allocated to two treatments: “sham” (conducting the act of drenching by inserting an empty 2.5 mL syringe in the mouth during 20 s, once a day, d1 till d7; n = 37) or “no treatment” (no handling; n = 39). On day 1, 3, 9, 24 and 38, piglets were weighed and scored for skin lesions. Blood samples were collected on day 9 and 38 and analyzed to determine glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), urea, immunoglobulin G (IgG), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and a standard blood panel test. There was no difference between sham drenched and untreated piglets regarding any of the parameters. In conclusion, this study showed that drenching does not impose a significant risk to LBW piglets and can be applied safely during the first 7 days after birth.

LRF and TRF test during long-term danazol treatment: increase of the LH and FSH responses but decrease of the prolactin and TSH responses

1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Leppäluoto ◽  
L. Rönnberg ◽  
P. Ylöstalo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract. Seven patients suffering from severe endometriosis were treated with danazol 200 mg × 3 daily for 6 months. Clinical symptoms were alleviated and menses disappeared in response to the treatment. After cessation of the treatment the menstrual bleedings returned in 1–3 months. Blood samples for determination of gonadotrophins, prolactin (Prl), oestradiol (E2), progesterone, thyroid hormones and thyrotrophin in radioimmunoassays were taken and a combined TRF and LRF test carried out in the follicular phase before treatment, at the 6th month of treatment and after reappearance of the first menses. There were no statistically significant changes in the basal levels of serum FSH, LH or TSH during the danazol treatment. Neither was there any change in episodic secretions of FSH, LH or Prl, as determined by the mean coefficients of variation of the hormone levels in seven consecutive samples taken at 20 min intervals. On the other hand, serum E2, Prl and thyroid hormone levels were significantly decreased in the 6th month of treatment. In the TRF-LRF test the responses of serum FSH and LH were significantly higher and those of serum Prl and TSH significantly lower during danazol treatment than before. Prl responses remained lowered after the treatment. It appears that low serum oestrogen levels, induced by the danazol treatment, sensitize the pituitary gonadotrophs to exogenous LRF, but make the sensitivity of thyrotrophs and lactotrophs lower to exogenous TRF. These results thus indicate that danazol does not make the pituitary gonadotrophs insensitive to LRF, but danazol may rather inhibit the secretion of hypothalamic LRF.

Pattern of plasma progesterone, oestradiol-17β, luteinizing hormone and androgen in non-pregnant buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Arora ◽  
R. S. Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Androgen Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract. Domestic buffaloes were used to characterize the pattern of progesterone, oestradiol-17β, LH and androgen in the systemic circulation following infertile insemination. Concentrations of hormones were measured by RIA in blood samples collected daily or at alternate days following insemination. The concentration of progesterone was lowest on the day of insemination, and increased significantly to a peak level of 4.00 ± 0.60 ng/ml by day 13 post insemination. After day 17, it declined significantly (P < 0.01) to reach low levels by day 21. The concentration of oestradiol-17β was high at the time of insemination and declined significantly (P < 0.01) by day 2 after insemination. It was maintained around the basal level till day 18 with minor peaks in between this period. It again rose significantly (P < 0.01) at subsequent oestrus. The mean level of LH was highest at the time of insemination, and declined significantly (P < 0.01) by day 1 post insemination. It did not vary appreciably till the animal returned to oestrus. The oestrous value of LH and progesterone were negatively correlated (r = −0.77). The androgen level was observed to be high at insemination in 3 out of 5 animals, but the overall pattern of this steroid was inconsistent during the period studied. A high concentration of androgen was recorded in all the animals from day 2–5 before the onset of oestrus.

Osmolal and Anion Gaps in Patients Admitted to an Emergency Medical Department

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Aabakken ◽  
Kjerstin S. Johansen ◽  
Else-Berit Rydningen ◽  
Jan E. Bredesen ◽  
Steinar Øvrebø ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Medical Department ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Unselected Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Osmolal Gap

1 Osmolal and anion gaps are helpful in the diagnosis and evaluation of intoxications with methanol and ethylene glycol. Reported reference values for osmolal gap and anion gap are -1 (± 6) mosm kg-1 H2O and 16 (± 2) mmol I -1, respectively. However, we have repeatedly found unexplained increased gaps in patients admitted to our department, and the relevance of the established reference values has been questioned. 2 Osmolal and anion gaps were determined in an unselected population of patients consecutively admitted to an emergency medical department. In the case of unexplained gaps, the blood samples were analysed with respect to the presence of alcohols and organic acids. 3 We included all accessible patients admitted during 14 days. Appropriate blood samples were obtained in 177 patients (88 male, 89 female), with a mean age of 65 years (range 17-94). 4 The mean and (standard deviation) for osmolal and anion gaps in our material were 5.2 mosm kg-1 H2O (7.0) and 12.9 mmol/l (4.2). Neither methanol nor ethylene-glycol was detected in serum from any patients. Small amounts of ethanol were found in 5 patients, and high lactate levels explained in part the most extensively increased anion gaps. However, the calculated analytical standard deviation accounted entirely for the variation in our material, and we suggest that the present reference values be adjusted.

Episodic ovarian inhibin secretion is not due to LH pulses in anoestrous ewes

1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. Campbell ◽  
A. S. McNeilly ◽  
D. T. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
A Site ◽  
Ovarian Inhibin ◽  
Secretion Rates

ABSTRACT In sheep, secretion of oestradiol by the ovary is stimulated by pulses of LH but the factors controlling ovarian inhibin secretion are not well understood. We have investigated the effect of a single injection of LH on the ovarian secretion of inhibin. Six anoestrous Finn–Merino ewes which had one ovary autotransplanted to a site in the neck had jugular and timed ovarian venous blood samples collected at 10-min intervals for a total of 5 h. The secretion rates of both inhibin (1–3 ng/min) and oestradiol (0·5–8 ng/min) were similar to those observed during the breeding season indicating significant follicular development in these animals. After injection of 2·5 μg NIH-LH-S25 intravenously the concentration of LH in plasma rose from a baseline of 1·8 ±0·1 (s.e.m.) μg/l to a peak of 3·9 ±0·3 μg/l (P<0·01). This LH pulse stimulated a corresponding increase (P<0·01) in oestradiol secretion from a basal level of 0·9±0·2 ng/min to a peak of 4·6±0·6 ng/min that occurred within 30 min of injection. Although inhibin secretion was episodic in nature, increases were not related to either exogenous or endogenous LH pulses. We conclude that, in contrast to oestradiol, the secretion of inhibin by the ovary is not controlled acutely by changes in plasma levels of LH during anoestrus. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 173–179

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