MODERN EVALUATION CRITERIA AND CLASSIFICATION BREAST CYST (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
V. Odincov ◽  
Arif Guseynov ◽  
L. Val'kova ◽  
M. Val'kov
Keyword(s):  
Breast Neoplasms ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Breast Cyst ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Choice Of Treatment

Breast cysts represent a difficult problem in mammology in terms of diagnosis and choice of treatment tactics. The introduction of a system for interpreting and logging the results of ultrasound examination of the mammary glands according to the BI-RADS scale into the daily practice of an ultrasound diagnostic doctor makes it possible to systematize the results obtained, to determine the tactics of optimal examination and management of patients with breast neoplasms, and ensures continuity in the conduct of medical and diagnostic measures.

scholarly journals Malignant tumors of the sternum in pediatric patients: report of two cases and literature review

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey S. Maletin ◽  
Vyacheslav I. Zorin ◽  
Valeria A. Gileva ◽  
Tatyana A. Novitsky ◽  
Alexander Yu. Mushkin
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeons ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Morphologic Data ◽  
Pediatric Orthopedic

Destructive changes in the bones are rarely observed in daily practice of pediatric orthopedic surgeons. Clinical and X-ray signs of destructive changes in the bone tissue are characteristic of tumoral, infectious, and inflammatory damages of bones. These signs do not always correspond to a specific disease, and differential diagnostics without histological evaluation is difficult. This is especially true for tumors of the sternum, 85% of which are malignant. Two rare clinical cases of primary malignant sternal neoplastic lesions in pediatric patients, and a detailed analysis of their clinical, radiologic, and morphologic data are presented. The importance of early histological verification for determining the choice of treatment is demonstrated. A short literature review is also presented.

scholarly journals Methodologies for preliminary assessment of the biocompatibility of endodontic materials: a review.

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Roberta Kochenborger Scarparo ◽  
Elaine Freitas Fachin ◽  
Fabiana Soares Grecca
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Preliminary Assessment ◽  
Important Stage ◽  
Biological Compatibility

This literature review discusses the objectives, importance and limitations of the experimental models and evaluation criteria used in preliminary studies of the biological compatibility of endodontic materials. It was ascertained that this is an important stage in determining the biocompatibility of materials and one which, within certain limits, allows the reaction of tissues directly involved in endodontic treatment to be predicted. However, the methodology used by these studies has not been standardized. The type of tissues investigated, the experimental periods observed and the methods used to analyze inflammatory response are considered fundamental requirements for designing experiments and understanding their results.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Nature in Contemporary Iranian Architecture

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (Special-Issue1) ◽  
pp. 144-156
Author(s):  
Mahmood Feizabadi ◽  
Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad ◽  
Seyyed Mirhosseini
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Basic Question ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Manner ◽  
Contemporary Architecture

In this study, we discuss ways of affecting nature on contemporary architecture and utilise them to survey the naturalism of case studies of Iranian architecture. The basic question in this study is: 'how ways of utilising nature have influenced on contemporary public works of Iran?' Descriptive-analytic method is used to achieve the results. The literature review was done by using archival methods, then the ways of affecting nature on contemporary architecture were listed as an evaluation criteria. Next, characteristics of sample projects were analyzed by using surveying methods, and their effects were submitted in qualitative and quantitative manner. The results of the study showed that some ways of affecting nature include scenery, material and conceptual have had the most usage in contemporary public buildings of Iran, and some others include spatial, functional and formal have been overlooked.

Ethical considerations in oncology: balancing the interests of patients, oncologists, and society.

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2464-2470 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Smith ◽  
J N Bodurtha
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Allocation Of Resources ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Hospital Ethics

BACKGROUND Oncologists face ethical dilemmas every day in deciding about choice of treatment, continuation of treatments, events near the end of life, conflicts of interest, and risk management. Yet, many oncologists have limited training in ethics. METHODS Review of existing studies and definitions of useful terms. Case studies analyzed according to ethical principles. RESULTS Individual oncology cases can be analyzed according to ethical principles with benefit to the patient, physician, and possibly society. Ethics cannot resolve many of the thorny questions about allocation of resources, justice, or possible conflict of interest. CONCLUSION Oncology decision-making fits into formal ethical frameworks, and understanding both can help doctors and patients make difficult choices. Understanding of ethical principles can help daily practice, but does not solve current dilemmas of allocation of resources, unrealistic demands, etc. More formal collaboration between hospital ethics committees or personnel and clinical oncologists is recommended for the day-to-day decision-making process.

Application of EFQM-Based Excellence Model in PPP Projects

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2957-2965 ◽  
Author(s):  
De Li Yao ◽  
Ze Chao Du ◽  
Yang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Efqm Model ◽  
Performance Evaluation Model ◽  
Project Company

Public Private Partnerships (PPP) is widely applied in worldwide infrastructure development. The performance of the PPP project company should be under monitoring of the public sector to ensure that the reasonable interests of the public users are not sacrificed. In this regard, a key issue is the qualitative and quantitative measurement of the services provided by the project company. This paper introduces the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) based excellence model, which has been popularly used in enterprise management, into the PPP projects. Firstly, a comprehensive literature review is conducted, that, an EFQM Model is introduced and its advantages for PPP projects are analyzed. Then, the performance evaluation criteria are established and the performance indicators are identified for PPP projects based on literature review. Finally, a performance evaluation model for PPP projects in general is formulated based on the EFQM model.

Points to consider for reporting, screening for and preventing selected comorbidities in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in daily practice: a EULAR initiative

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 965-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athan Baillet ◽  
Laure Gossec ◽  
Loreto Carmona ◽  
Maarten de Wit ◽  
Yvonne van Eijk-Hustings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Consensus Process ◽  
European League Against Rheumatism ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

In chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases, comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases and infections are suboptimally prevented, screened for and managed. The objective of this European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) initiative was to propose points to consider to collect comorbidities in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. We also aimed to develop a pragmatic reporting form to foster the implementation of the points to consider. In accordance with the EULAR Standardised Operating Procedures, the process comprised (1) a systematic literature review of existing recommendations on reporting, screening for or preventing six selected comorbidities: ischaemic cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, infections, gastrointestinal diseases, osteoporosis and depression and (2) a consensus process involving 21 experts (ie, rheumatologists, patients, health professionals). Recommendations on how to treat the comorbidities were not included in the document as they vary across countries. The literature review retrieved 42 articles, most of which were recommendations for reporting or screening for comorbidities in the general population. The consensus process led to three overarching principles and 15 points to consider, related to the six comorbidities, with three sections: (1) reporting (ie, occurrence of the comorbidity and current treatments); (2) screening for disease (eg, mammography) or for risk factors (eg, smoking) and (3) prevention (eg, vaccination). A reporting form (93 questions) corresponding to a practical application of the points to consider was developed. Using an evidence-based approach followed by expert consensus, this EULAR initiative aims to improve the reporting and prevention of comorbidities in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Next steps include dissemination and implementation.

scholarly journals Varicocele in children and adolescents. History and current view and state of problem (literature review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
V.A. Dihtiar ◽  
◽  
D.H. Vernihora ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Current View ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Testicular Artery

A literature review on the subject of varicocele in children which include historical data and question about: etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and long-term outcomes. The diagnostic method of varicocele unchanged until the XX century and consisted of visual examination and palpation with or without Valsava maneuver. But after entering in diagnostic protocol contrast venography, thermography of testis and ultrasound examination, this protocol have significant changes. For a long time, phlebography has been considered the «gold standard» for the diagnosis of varicocele. But the big disadvantage of this procedure is high invasiveness. Doppler ultrasound mapping has given a new impuls to the diagnosis of varicocele due to minimally invasiveand accessible. G. Liguori, C. Trombetta in their work showed that surgical treatment of varicocele should begin when the testicle size is reduced by more than 20%, or 2 ml of volume in ultrasound examination. Also, the visualization of reflux into the seminal vein is more specific in the ultrasound examination. G. Sigmund et al. introduced the concept of stop-type, shunt-type reflux into the seminal vein. However, in the case of unexplained recurrent varicocele, only antegrade venography can provide sufficient information. The review presents the classic and alternative surgical treatments of varicocele in children. Today it is safe to say that the treatment of varicocele has entered to the era of modern evidence-based medicine. A large number of studies indicate that the expansion of the testicular plexus has a progressive detrimental effect on testicular tissue and leads to a deterioration in sperm count. The methods witch used to correct varicocele earlier was traumatic, but modern surgery has brought many innovative technologies and methods of surgical correction. In addition, there have been impressive developments in bimolecular and functional sperm tests. Nowdays gold standard of surgical treatment varicocele is microsurgical subgingival varicocelectomy but this operation has one big disadvantage. This is possible damage of the testicular artery. The solution of this problem can be obtained by finding new intraoperative way of visualization and defending testicular artery and lymphatic vessels. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: varicocele, microsurgical subgingival varicocelectomy, children.

scholarly journals A study of the clearness rate of fetal Sylvian fissure shown on different sections by prenatal ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
pingping xu ◽  
dirong zhang ◽  
yu shi ◽  
fengbei kong ◽  
chunxiao yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Prenatal Ultrasound ◽  
Sylvian Fissure ◽  
Prenatal Ultrasonography ◽  
Developmental Parameters ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Objective To compare the clearness rate of fetal Sylvian fissure revealed by prenatal ultrasonography on trans-cerebellar section and trans-thalamic section, and to provide scientific basis for selecting the best section of prenatal ultrasound to evaluate the developmental parameters related to fetal Sylvian fissure. Methods This was a retrospective study. We analyzed all the fetal images on trans-cerebellar section and trans-thalamic section stored in the imaging system who were undergoing grade III prenatal ultrasound examination in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. The gestational age was divided into three groups which were 21 to 24 weeks, 25 to 28 weeks and 29 to 32 weeks respectively. The evaluation criteria for the clear appearance of the Sylvian fissure were complete morphology of the Sylvian fissure and clear apical and anteriorly edges of the Sylvian fissure. The results of showing Sylvian fissure clearly were divided into four groups: only on trans-cerebellar section shown clear, only on trans-thalamic section shown clear, both on trans-cerebellar section and trans-thalamic section shown clear, and both on trans-cerebellar section and trans-thalamic section not shown clear. The clearness rate of each group and the total clearness rate of each section were analyzed statistically. Results The clearness rates of showing Sylvian fissure only on trans-cerebellar section were 62.3% at 21 to 24 weeks, 70.1% at 25 to 28 weeks and 63.6% at 29 to 32 weeks. The clearness rates of showing Sylvian fissure only on trans-thalamic section were 11.1% at 21 ~ 24 weeks, 10.5% at 25 ~ 28 weeks and 9.1% at 29 ~ 32 weeks. The clearness rates of showing Sylvian fissure both on trans-cerebellar and trans-thalamic sections were 22.1% at 21 to 24 weeks, 15.0% at 25 to 28 weeks and 13.0% at 29 to 32 weeks. The unclearness rates of showing Sylvian fissure both on trans-cerebellar and trans-thalamic sections were 4.5%at 21 ~ 24 weeks, 4.4% at 25 ~ 28 weeks and 14.3% at 29 ~ 32 weeks. The clearness rate of showing Sylvian fissure on trans-cerebellar section was significantly higher than on trans-thalamic section (P < 0.05). The total clearness rate of showing Sylvian fissure on trans-cerebellar section and trans-thalamic section were 83.1% and 28.3% respectively. Conclusion In this study, it was suggested that prenatal ultrasound selection of trans-cerebellar section is better than trans-thalamic section in evaluating the developmental parameters related to the Sylvian fissure. Key words fetus; Sylvian fissure; clearness rate; trans-cerebellar section; trans-thalamic section

scholarly journals Wounds: an overlooked burden (Part 2) – Wound treatment: a daunting decision

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
H Parkar ◽  
SS Mlambo ◽  
L Naude ◽  
H Strydom ◽  
N Nakidien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Wound Care ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Treatment Intervention ◽  
Wound Treatment ◽  
Market Making ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Choice Of Treatment

Various types of wounds are encountered daily in medical practice, and due to the numerous treatment options available on the market, making the most appropriate choice of treatment may be a rather daunting decision. The wound treatment should not inconvenience the patient to the point that the wound care becomes compromised. It is for this reason that a proper assessment of the wound status be conducted in order to select an appropriate treatment intervention or dressing type, as this will directly impact the way in which the wound heals. This article is based on the expertise of three active wound care practitioners and aims to provide guidance to clinicians when providing primary wound care. The downloadable tables can be printed and used as reference materials in daily practice.

scholarly journals A Feasible Technique in Laparoscopic Excision for Juvenile Cystic Adenomyosis: A Case Report, Literature Review, and Surgical Video

Endocrines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-292
Author(s):  
Masafumi Katakura ◽  
Yukiko Katagiri ◽  
Kuniaki Ota ◽  
Takafumi Mukai ◽  
Kentaro Nakaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Blunt Dissection ◽  
Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cyst Excision ◽  
Surgical Video ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Laparoscopic Excision ◽  
Choice Of Treatment

Background: Juvenile cystic adenomyosis (JCA) is a rare uterine lesion. We present the case of a young woman who was diagnosed with JCA and subsequently managed with laparoscopic cyst removal with sharp and blunt dissection. Moreover, we provide a literature review and a surgical video. Case: A 22-year-old nulliparous woman presented with severe dysmenorrhea and was assessed using contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography, transvaginal ultrasonography and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging, and diagnosed with a cystic lesion on the left side of the myometrium. She underwent laparoscopic cyst excision and uterine reconstruction. Histology was suggestive of JCA. The dysmenorrhea resolved postoperatively. Conclusion: Surgical resection is the first choice of treatment for cystic adenomyosis, and a laparoscopic approach using scissor forceps is effective.

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