scholarly journals CORRECTION OF MICRONUTRIENT STATUS OF THE POPULATION OF THE IRKUTSK REGION AS A MEANS OF LOWERING INFANT MORTALITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Любовь Решетник ◽  
Lyubov' Reshetnik ◽  
Татьяна Спасич ◽  
Tatiana Spasich ◽  
Татьяна Бойко ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Childhood Tuberculosis ◽  
Micronutrient Status ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Pediatric Tuberculosis

Aim: to establish a link between the level of folic acid, vitamin D and iodine consumption, and infant and perinatal mortality, morbidity of childhood tuberculosis in the Irkutsk region. Consumption of folate in the form of a single-agent preparation increased 3 times in 5 years. Consumption of folic acid in women at the stage of preconception and pregnancy affected the reduction of perinatal (R = –0.9; p = 0.016) and infant (R = –0.89; p = 0.04) mortality, including neonatal (R = –0.89; p = 0.039). Preventive supplementation of vitamin D of people in the region over the past 5 years has increased by 70 %, and infant mortality fell by 35.5 %. Infant (R = –0.94; p = 0.01) and especially post-neonatal (R = –0.97; p = 0.004) mortality are controllable and depend on the prevention of hypovitaminosis D. The understanding of the role of vitamin D in trigger- ing the synthesis of the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin opens prospects for using it as a medicine for prevention and treatment of childhood tuberculosis. The incidence of pediatric tuberculosis in the region during this period decreased by 46 % (R = –0.95; p = 0.01). Correction of iodine deficiency in pregnant women and children caused the reduction of perinatal (R = –0.99; p = 0.07), early neonatal (R = –0.99; p = 0.05), neonatal (R = –0.98; p = 0.06) and post-neonatal (R = –0.99; p = 0.002) infant mortality.

scholarly journals Does Vitamin D play a role in the management of Covid-19 in Brazil?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Ribeiro ◽  
Keila Valente de Souza de Santana ◽  
Sofia Lizarralde Oliver ◽  
Patricia Helen de Carvalho Rondó ◽  
Marcela Moraes Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

The study discusses the possible role of adequate vitamin D status in plasma or serum for preventing acute respiratory infections during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our arguments respond to an article, published in Italy, that describes the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in older Italian women and raises the possible preventive and therapeutic role of optimal vitamin D levels. Based on literature review, we highlight the findings regarding the protective role of vitamin D for infectious diseases of the respiratory system. However, randomized controlled trials are currently lacking. Adequate vitamin D status is obtained from sun exposure and foods rich in vitamin D. Studies in Brazil have shown that hypovitaminosis D is quite common in spite of high insolation. Authors recommend ecological, epidemiological and randomized controlled trials studies to verify this hypothesis.

scholarly journals An Updated Mini Review of Vitamin D and Obesity: Adipogenesis and Inflammation State

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zujaja-Tul-Noor Hamid Mehmood ◽  
Dimitrios Papandreou
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
The Body ◽  
Positive Energy ◽  
Vitamin D Receptors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Energy Balance ◽  
Relationship Of

Vitamin D related research continues to expand and theorise regarding its involvement in obesity, as both hypovitaminosis D and obesity strike in pandemic proportions. Vitamin D plays an important role in immune system through Vitamin D Receptors (VDR), which are transcription factors located abundantly in the body. Due to this characteristic, it is potentially linked to obesity, which is a state of inflammation involving the release of cytokines from adipose tissue, and exerting stress on other organs in a state of positive energy balance. Research trials in the past couple of years and systematic reviews from SCOPUS and MEDLINE will be discussed. The role of Vitamin D throughout the lifespan (from fetal imprinting until older age), and in various other obesity mediated chronic conditions shall be highlighted. Various mechanisms attributed to the inverse relationship of Vitamin D and obesity are discussed with research gaps identified, particularly the role of adipokines, epigenetics, calcium and type of adipose tissue.

scholarly journals Role of Vitamin-D Receptor (VDR) single nucleotide polymorphisms in gestational hypertension development: A case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0239407
Author(s):  
Daniela Caccamo ◽  
Attilio Cannata ◽  
Sergio Ricca ◽  
Liliana Maria Catalano ◽  
Antonella Federica Montalto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Control Study

Background Recent literature data have highlighted the important role of hypovitaminosis D in pregnancy complications and prenatal/perinatal health. Vitamin D action takes place through vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms of VDR gene, FokI and BsmI, have been reported to affect VDR molecular signaling and be associated with several disorders, including hypertension. Methods We carried out a case-control study aimed to assess vitamin D serum levels together with the distribution of VDR FokI and BsmI in a population of 116 pregnant women with gestational hypertension (GH) and 69 normotensive pregnant women (CTR). Results Hypovitaminosis D was largely prevalent both in GH (81%) and CTR (69%) pregnant women. Vitamin D insufficiency (10–30 ng/ml) had a similar frequency in both cohorts (GH 60% vs CTR 58%), while vitamin D deficiency (<10 ng/ml) was more frequent in GH cohort than in CTR one (21% vs 11%). Regression analysis showed that GH was significantly (p = 0.031) linked to vitamin D status. Vitamin D deficiency was associated with a threefold-increased risk of developing GH, while a normal vitamin D status was protective against this pregnancy disorder. The VDR FF/bB haplotype was the most frequent in GH cohort, and resulted to increase by two folds the risk for GH. Notably, hypovitaminosis D was found in 92% of FF/bB GH pregnant women, 27% of which had deficient vitamin D levels compared with 11% of their normotensive counterparts. Conclusions Despite being preliminary, these findings suggest that genotyping of pregnant women for VDR polymorphisms may be useful for a tailored vitamin D supplementation strategy.

scholarly journals Algorithm of Differentiated Approach to the Treatment of CHD Patients with Impaired Homocysteine and Vitamin D Metabolism before and after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
O. S. Nikonenko ◽  
A. O. Nikonenko ◽  
K. O. Chmul ◽  
V. V. Osaulenko
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Myocardial Revascularization ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Bypass Grafting ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Before And After

For many years, cardiovascular diseases have been a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In modern society these have become one of the most pressing medical and social problems. To date, progression of coronary heart disease (CHD) and its complications is strongly associated with increased homocysteine (HC) level and hypovitaminosis D. However, medical literature does not sufficiently cover the issues of drug treatment of patients with metabolic disorders after coronary artery bypass grafting, therefore, more detailed study of this problem is required. The aim. To develop a differentiated approach to the medical treatment of CHD patients before and after direct myocardial revascularization. Materials and methods. The study analyzed the data of 133 patients, 117 (87.96%) men and 16 (12.03%) women, diagnosed with CHD. In these patients, the levels of homocysteine and vitamin D were evaluated. Depending on the levels of hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin D, the patients were divided into 3 groups. Results. About 70% of the patients examined had elevated blood homocysteine levels greater than 15 ¤mol/L. Based on selective CAG (MSCT CA) findings and complete examination, myocardial revascularization was indicated in 133 patients, as recommended by the 2018 ESC/EACTS Guidelines on myocardial revascularization. In 95% of cases (126 patients), direct myocardial revascularization was performed. All the patients received standard therapy preoperatively, and after getting results of HC and vitamin D tests, metabolic therapy, including folic acid, vitamins B6, B12 and D, depending on HC and vitamin D levels, was prescribed. Conclusions. Hyperhomocysteinemia and hypovitaminosis D provoke impaired endothelial vasomotor function and activate neointimal hyperplasia. Patients with hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin D deficiency should receive metabolic therapy based on folic acid, vitamins B 6 and B12, and vitamin D, both preoperatively and postoperatively. The first control of HC and vitamin D levels is carried out within 3 months after the treatment initiation.

Potential role of hypovitaminosis D in renal cell carcinoma patients treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 50-50
Author(s):  
Melissa Bersanelli ◽  
Augusto Vaglio ◽  
Nicola Sverzellati ◽  
Maricla Galetti ◽  
Monia Incerti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Tcr Signaling ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

50 Background: hypovitaminosis D is frequent in renal diseases but it was never reported in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The interaction between vitamin D and its receptor (VDR) has a key role for T-cell activation. Naïve T-cells do not express VDR and had very low expression of phospholipase C-γ1 (PLC-γ1), with low responsiveness to T-cell receptor (TCR). Initial TCR signaling induces VDR expression and upregulates PLC-γ1 via the kinase p38 pathway. VDR interaction with high concentrations of vitamin D and PLC-γ1 increase are required to trigger classical TCR signaling, increasing T-cell responsiveness. On these basis, we hypothesized that hypovitaminosis D could contribute to lower responsiveness to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (CKI). Methods: we assessed vitamin D levels of mRCC patients undergoing therapy with CKI, with the aim to reveal hypovitaminosis D, evaluate its prevalence and hypothesize its potential role in the outcome of treatment with CKI. Results: of 10 mRCC patients pretreated with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, vitamin D levels assessed before the first treatment with nivolumab (anti-PD1 CKI) revealed deficiency in 80% of cases (8 patients). Hypovitaminosis D was severe ( < 20 ng/ml) in 7 cases and moderate ( < 30 ng/ml) in one. The 2 patients without deficiency (20%), had vitamin D values near to the lower limit of normality. Oral supplementation with cholecalciferol was given when necessary, likely confounding the possible influence of vitamin D deficiency on the outcome of CKI treatment. Vitamin D normal values after two months of therapy were recovered in the great majority of cases. Interestingly, the only patient who achieved a good objective response to treatment had normal values of vitamin D before therapy. Conclusions: hypovitaminosis D could have a relevant prevalence in mRCC patients. Considering the role of vitamin D in T-cell activation, assessment of its levels and initiation of a supplementation before immunotherapy should be considered to enhance responsiveness. On the basis of these observations, we are planning a perspective multicenter study to investigate the role of hypovitaminosis D in mRCC patients treated with CKI (PRoviDenCe study).

scholarly journals Potential role of hypovitaminosis D and vitamin D supplementation during COVID-19 pandemic

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Verdoia ◽  
G De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Special Focus

Summary Vitamin D deficiency is a pandemic disorder affecting over 1 billion of subjects worldwide and displaying a broad spectrum of implications on cardiovascular and inflammatory disorders. Since the initial reports of the association between hypovitaminosis D and COVID-19, Vitamin D has been pointed as a potentially interesting treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We provide an overview on the current status of vitamin D deficiency, the mechanisms of action of vitamin D and the current literature on the topic, with a special focus on the potential implications for COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Role of Common Addictive Habits on Hypovitaminosis D among Bangladeshi People

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
AHM Habibur Rahman ◽  
Md Emdadul Haque ◽  
Lubna Naznin ◽  
Nasir Uddin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medicine Today

Introduction: Hypovitaminosis D is a silent but very devastating health issue throughout the world. Some common addictive habits in our country play important role on the issue. The objective of this study was to determine the role of common addictive habits on hypovitaminosis D among the clients attending specialized hospitals. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 264 respondents attended Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP), Dhaka Cantonment for estimation of 25(OH) D within the period of July 2017 to June 2018. Data were collected by face-to-face interview, reviewing with Vitamin D level of the participants from laboratory with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist respectively. Data were checked, and analyzed with the help of SPSS version 23. Results: Among the respondents, majority (68.56%) were female. The mean ±SD age of the respondents was 48.23 ± 14.05 years. The mean± SD level of 25(OH)D was 50.01± 29.93 nmol/L. Among the males, it was 50.86±28.61 nmo/L and 49.60±26.19 nmol/L among the female. The proportion hypovitaminosis D was 84.84% and a mare difference was found among male and female respondents (84.5% and 85.5% respectively. Smokers (43.88±13.01 nmol/L) were found with lower level of vitamin D than non-smokers (50.88±28.08 nmol/L) (p<0.05).The respondents having habit of chewing betel nut showed lowerlevel of 25 (OH) D than those does not practice that (51.63±18.07 Vs 46.12±13.01 mmol/L). Conclusion: The proportion of hypovitaminosis D was too high. Effective measure to be taken at all level to overcome the nutritional disorder. Medicine Today 2019 Vol.31(2): 89-92

scholarly journals Hypovitaminosis D and Aging: Is There a Role in Muscle and Brain Health?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia D’Amelio ◽  
Luca Quacquarelli
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Older Adult Population

The older-adult population is constantly increasing, hence aging and mechanisms leading to aging are a topic raising increasing interest. Hypovitaminosis D is common amongst old patients and has been proposed as causative of several chronic diseases. Here we review the role of hypovitaminosis D and vitamin D supplementation in sarcopenia and dementia, from bench to bedside.

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