scholarly journals EMERGENCE OF MECHANICAL SOIL EROSION ON SLOPES AND WAYS TO REDUCE IT

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Зиннур Рахимов ◽  
Zinnur Rakhimov ◽  
Салават Мударисов ◽  
Salavat Mudarisov ◽  
Ильдар Рахимов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Horizontal Field ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Mechanical Erosion ◽  
Working Bodies

The work is devoted to the mathematical description of the process of occurrence and flow of mechanical soil erosion on slope fields and ways to reduce it. The dependences of mechanical erosion on the steepness of the slope, the type and parameters of the working unit, the direction of movement of the unit relative to the horizontal field are given. The obtained mathematical dependences allow us to calculate the displacement of the soil down the slope, depending on the type and parameters of the working unit and on the technology of tillage used. Purpose of the study. Reduction of mechanical soil erosion in slope fields by improving technologies and structural and technological parameters of tillage and seeding machines. Calculations showed that when the unit moves at an angle θ = 45 ÷ 70° to the horizontal of the field, the maximum displacement of the soil occurs by the lower wing of the working body (Δ1). Minimal mechanical soil erosion is provided for lancet working bodies when the unit moves relative to the horizontal of the field at an angle of 90 ± 35°, for unilateral working bodies - 120 ± 40°. It is desirable to avoid the direction of movement of the unit θ ≈ 0 ... 70°, when maximum mechanical erosion is observed when processing by one-sided working bodies (plow bodies) exceeding mechanical erosion when moving along the field horizontals 1.5 times.

scholarly journals Results of Laboratory Studies of the Automated Sorting System for Root and Onion Crops

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257
Author(s):  
Alexey Dorokhov ◽  
Alexander Aksenov ◽  
Alexey Sibirev ◽  
Nikolay Sazonov ◽  
Maxim Mosyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Automatic Control System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Manual Sorting ◽  
Sorting System ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Automatic Removal

The roller and sieve machines most commonly used in Russia for the post-harvest processing of root and tuber crops and onions have a number of disadvantages, the main one being a decrease in the quality of sorting due to the contamination of working bodies, which increases the quantity of losses during sorting and storage. To obtain high-quality competitive production, it is necessary to combine a number of technological operations during the sorting process, such as dividing the material into classes and fractions by quality and size, as well as identifying and removing damaged products. In order to improve the quality of sorting of root tubers and onions by size, it is necessary to ensure the development of an automatic control system for operating and technological parameters, the use of which will eliminate manual sorting on bulkhead tables in post-harvest processing. To fulfill these conditions, the developed automatic control system must have the ability to identify the material on the sorting surface, taking into account external damage and ensuring the automatic removal of impurities. In this study, the highest sorting accuracy of tubers (of more than 91%) was achieved with a forward speed of 1.2 m/s for the conveyor of the sorting table, with damage to 2.2% of the tubers, which meets the agrotechnical requirements for post-harvest processing. This feature distinguishes the developed device from similar ones.

scholarly journals Substantiation of technical and operational characteristics of the device to sort corn cobs

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00094
Author(s):  
Dmitry N. Byshov ◽  
Irina A. Petunina ◽  
Elena A. Kotelevskaya ◽  
Sergey N. Borychev ◽  
Georgy K. Rembalovich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Corn Cobs ◽  
Operational Characteristics ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Treated Plant ◽  
Working Bodies

The paper presents a method to substantiate the technical and technological parameters of the device to sort corn cobs, which takes into account the biometric and physical-mechanical properties of the treated plant objects. The method of basic parameters substantiation involves determining the overall dimensions of the device, the geometric and technological parameters of the working bodies, as well as the energy for operation.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model of Pressure Formation Process along the Helix Channel Length of Screw Grinder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Pelenko ◽  
Ilkhom Usmanov ◽  
Vyacheslav Pokholchenko ◽  
Irina Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

The improvement of the technical equipment effectiveness is currently becoming particularly important. This applies not only to large and high-energy-intensive machines, but also to household appliances, the total energy consumption of which often exceeds the energy consumption of the overall equipment. These types of devices include, in particular, grinding and cutting equipment. The mathematical description of the processes carried out on this equipment is generalized and can be extended to a wider class of machines, including waste processing and mining equipment. The technological parameters, the design of screw grinders, and the processes of movement, deformation, extrusion and cutting carried out in them are characterized by a significant number of factors affecting the energy intensity. The main ones are the geometric parameters of the screw, machine’s body, cross knife, grinding plate’s thickness, the number and diameter of holes in it, as well as the product’s physical-mechanical characteristics and operating conditions. The most important for the mathematical description are the zones and processes where the main share of the consumed power is spent. The complexity of their analytical description is due to a simplified consideration of either individual technological zones of grinders’ existing designs, or the use of unreasonable simplifications.

scholarly journals Optimization of the design and technological parameters of an active ripper of a combined working body

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00068
Author(s):  
S. A. Ivanaisky ◽  
M. A. Kanaev ◽  
Y. A. Kirov ◽  
M. S. Ivanaisky ◽  
S. V. Denisov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Tillage Operation ◽  
Working Bodies

The research objective is to improve the quality of soil loosening using combined working bodies for surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The efficiency of accumulation and conservation of precipitation in the autumn-winter period depends on the method of post-harvest soil cultivation. One of them is the autumn surface water-retaining treatment, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the processes of accumulation and conservation of moisture due to the deeper loosening of the cultivated soil layer. During loosening and mulching, the top layer of the soil contributes to the accumulation and preservation of moisture not only in the upper but also in deeper soil horizons. However, the used tillage tools do not fully solve the problem of the high-quality performance of surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The article presents the results of studies of the degree of influence of geometric and technological parameters of the additional active cultivator on the quality of surface tillage. Based on the results of the research carried out, the technological process of performing the surface tillage operation has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed for its implementation.

scholarly journals Justification of optimal design and technological parameters of needle discs of the combined working body

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00016
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Petrov ◽  
Sergey A. Ivanayskiy ◽  
Mikhail A. Kanaev ◽  
Oleg M. Parfyonov ◽  
Maxim S. Ivanayskiy
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Rotor Tooth

The aim of the research is to improve soil tillage quality using combined working bodies in surface cultivation. There are various designs of combined tillage units including passive cultivators and active rotor-tooth working bodies cultivating land. However, an analysis of design and technological parameters of modern cultivators shows that they have a cumbersome design, required much metal and their quality indicators do not meet soil cultivation requirements. The article presents results of the studies on the influence of geometric and technological parameters of an additional battery of needle discs on land tillage quality. Using the research results, the land tillage has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed.

scholarly journals Study of the process of preparing feeding mixtures using the composite mixer

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chernovol ◽  
M. Sviren ◽  
R. Kisiliov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Solid Mass ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Effi Ciency ◽  
Paddle Mixer ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Aim. Enhancing the quality and improving the technological process of mixing feeds using the new con- struction of the mixer and substantiating its rational parameters. Methods. Mathematical modeling theories, fundamentals of using machinery in animal breeding. Results. The estimated model of the functioning of a constructive-technological scheme of a composite mixer and the mathematical model of the dynamic interac- tion of mixer paddles and the solid mass of feeds were elaborated. It was established that the technological effi ciency of preparing the homogeneous mixture depends on physical and mechanic properties of its compo- nents, the impact and interaction between the form and geometric parameters of the attacking surface of the paddles, the slope angle, the setting increment and working modes of the mixer. Conclusions. The results of the studies confi rm the possibility of enhancing the effi ciency of the technology of preparing completely balanced feeding mixtures for cattle via the intensifi cation of the mixing process using the construction of the composite belt-paddle mixer, the elaboration of theoretical fundamentals of the interaction of feed components with the working bodies and substantiating their main constructive and technological parameters.

Clarification of the method substantiation of parameters energy remedy for the performance of technological operations in inter rows of industrial orchards of a walnut

2020 ◽  
pp. 227-234
Author(s):  
S. O. Krupych
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
World Market ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
The World ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Working Bodies

Annotation Purpose. Improving the methodology of substantiation of the selection of energy means for performing technological operations in walnut orchards, which is the basis for further determination of their rational parameters. Methods. The research uses the principles of systems analysis, as well as monographic and graph analytical methods. Results. Performing technological operations in walnut orchards requires special features from tractors: movement in the rows of the garden without damaging the tree crown; providing aggregation of symmetrical machines and with lateral displacement; availability of a universal hydraulic system for the drive of working bodies; to provide statistical and dynamic stability when hanging agricultural machines. To achieve this goal, it is advisable to consider the tractor on a two-parameter classification system, ie the transition from traction to traction-energy concept, take into account the traction force of the tractor on the hook and the effective power of the tractor engine. To substantiate the parameters of the energy means of performing technological operations in perennial walnut plantations, an algorithm is proposed that allows taking into account the technical and technological parameters of MTU. It is developed on the basis of information on the technologies of growing walnuts available on the world market and technical means for their implementation. It is developed on the basis of information about the technologies and technical means of walnut production available on the world market and allows carrying out their system-structural analysis. The identification of domestic and foreign energy remedy available on the market to ensure the technological process of walnuts production was carried out and correlation-regression analysis was performed, which allowed establishing the relationship between tractor cost and their parameters: engine power, operating weight. The proposed dependences make it possible to substantiate the rational (optimal) parameters of the technical support of the entire technological process with different subject-production characteristics. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of existing methods of substantiation of parameters of energy remedy for technological operations of agricultural production it is established that specialized methods that would take into account the peculiarities of walnut production absent. A new technique has been developed that will increase the efficiency of substantiation of energy parameters during the technological operations of walnut cultivation. The identification of available on the market energy remedy, machines and tools for technological operations of walnut production is carried out and their parametric and cost indicators are established. Based on these data, a regression analysis was performed, which made it possible to establish the relationships between price and their parametric indicators. Keywords: energy remedy, garden, walnuts, weight, traction force, method, rational parameters.

CLASSIFICATION OF TWO-DISC COULTERS BY TECHNOLOGICAL AND DESIGN PARAMETERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Vladimir R. Petrovets ◽  
◽  
Nikolay I. Dudko ◽  
Viktor V. Amelichev ◽  
Vasiliy M. Kuzyur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rational Design ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Individual Design

High-quality sowing of grain crops depends on the design of the working bodies of agricultural machines. Based on analytical studies, it was proposed to develop a new classification of individual structural elements of coulters and their technological parameters. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in improvement of the digital classification table of coulter signs, the structure and form of representation of which would allow easily complementing the signs characterizing the studied working body without changing its formation algorithm. (Materials and methods) The coulter can be considered as a system consisting of a combination of individual design and technological features that are closely related to each other. A two-disc coulter was analyzed according to the proposed classification, and a digital coding system was proposed. This classification allows us to include not only the known types of coulters, but also to predict new designs for the specified technologi-cal parameters. (Results and discussion) The features and properties of coulters in the matrix are located vertically and horizontally, respectively, and are considered in in-teraction, coulters of one class are associated with many features and properties of coulters of another class. This classification allows you to replace the existing large classifications with ordinary numbers, to conduct digital coding of any coulters of sowing machines. (Conclusions) The proposed classification allows us to apply digi-tal coding of the entire variety of features and properties of existing and new designs of two-disc coulters, to use computer technologies for searching, storing and pro-cessing information on them. The classification is used to select a rational design of the working body.

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