scholarly journals COMPUTER PREDICTION AND SYNTHESIS OF NEW OXAZOLES BASED ON AN 8-THIOSUBSTITUTED 1,3,7-TRIMETHYLXANTHINE SKELETON

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1211-1217
Author(s):  
Alexander Zlatkov ◽  
Javor Mitkov ◽  
Maya Georgieva
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Computer Prediction ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pass Online

The synthesis of new oxazole derivatives was carried out under Davidson synthesis conditions from O-acylacyloins with an 8-thiosubstituted 1,3,7-trimethylxanthine skeleton and ammonium acetate in a 1:10 ratio in glacial acetic acid media. The starting O-acylacyloins were obtained as products from the interaction of the sodium salt of 2-(1,3,7-trimethyl-2,6-dioxo-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-purin-8-ylthio)acetic acid and a-haloketones. The structures of the new compounds were proven by microanalyses and spectral data. The PASS online web application was used to predict the biological activity spectra of the obtained derivatives and to determine the most promising biological effects for further experimental testing. Thus, it has been shown that the synthesized compounds are a promising class for the creation of substances with a wide range of biological activity. The substrate/metabolite specificity of the tested compounds was also predicted using SMP web-service. The studied compounds were considered to perform most probably with CYP2 substrate activity.

Natural and synthetic naphthoquinones as potential anti-infective agents

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyra Ortiz-Pérez ◽  
Karina Vázquez ◽  
Gildardo Rivera ◽  
Cristian O. Salas ◽  
J. José Zarate-Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Antiprotozoal Activity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Leishmania Spp ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Background: Naphthoquinones are a class of aromatic compounds relevant for their chemical characteristics, structural properties, and biological activity. These compounds are found in nature with a wide range of effects, highlighting their antibacterial, antifungal, and antiprotozoal properties. Additionally, naphthoquinones are used as a scaffold to obtain new derivatives with pharmacological potential, mainly compounds against parasitic diseases. Objective: The purpose of this work was to carry out a comprehensive review of naphthoquinones and their derivatives obtained from both natural and synthetic sources, also, to well as analyze their biological activity against Leishmania spp (Leishmaniasis), Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease), Plasmodium falciparum (Malaria), Toxoplasma gondii (Toxoplasmosis), and Toxocara canis (Toxocariasis). All of these agents are responsible for relevant diseases worldwide. Results : Natural naphthoquinones, such as plumbagin, diospyrin, burmanin, lapachol, lawsone and psychorubrin, show an antiprotozoal activity similar or enhanced antiprotozoal activity to reference drugs. Some naphthoquinones obtained by synthesis or semi-synthesis shown better biological activity or less toxic effects than natural compounds. Conclusion: In this review, natural and synthetic naphthoquinone showed antiparasitic activity, in the most cases with improved results than current drugs currently used in clinical trials. A modification of their structure with different functional groups can enhance their biological effects, improve solubility, and reduce undesirable side effects. Therefore, naphthoquinones are important molecules in the development of new chemotherapeutic agents against parasitic diseases.

scholarly journals Synthesis of 5-hydroxy-10-R-benzo[a]phenazine-12-oxides by cyclization of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone-1-oximes under the action of nitrating mixture

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Leonid M. Gornostaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Oxide ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Alkyl Aryl ◽  
High Biological Activity ◽  
Fine Organic Synthesis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fine Organic ◽  
Nitrosylsulfuric Acid

The synthesis of рolycyclic quinoid compounds, which exhibit a wide range of biological activity is one of the most promising and actively developing areas of the fine organic synthesis. Heterocyclic compounds including those that can be donors of nitrogen oxide NO occupy a special place among biologically active structures. These substances include a number of N-oxides, e.g., 1,2-diazet-1,2-dioxides, furoxanes and their benzo analogs, and N,N′-pyrazole dioxides. The reason for the high biological activity of N-oxides of nitrogenous heterocycles, which cannot easily generate nitrogen oxide NO may be their oxidative properties. Thus, N-oxides of nitrogenous heterocycles are of interest due to their high biological activity. We have developed an approach to the synthesis of 5-hydroxy-10-R-benzo[a]phenazine-12-oxides that contain the N-oxide fragment, which makes these compounds promising for studying their biological activity. We have demonstrated that the treatment of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones with hydroxylamine in ethanol at 50-60 °С leads to selective oximation at position 1 and the formation of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone-1-oximes. It has been shown that the interaction of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone-1-oximes with the nitrating mixture in acetic acid results in the formation of 5-hydroxy-10-R-benzo[a]phenazine-12-oxides. Our work is a continuation of the study on the interactions of 2-arylamino-1,4-naphthoquinones and 4-arylamino-1,2-naphthoquinones with nitrosylsulfuric acid in acetic acid and the interaction of 2-alkyl(benzyl)amino-1,4-naphthoquinones with nitrosylsulfuric acid or nitrating mixture in acetic acid. The former reactions lead to the formation of 3-R-benzo[b]phenazine-6,11-dione-5-oxides and 9-R-benzo[a]phenazine-5,6-dion-7-oxides, respectively. The latter reaction leads to the formation of 2-alkyl(aryl)naphtho[2,1-d][1,3]oxazole-4,5-dione-4-oximes and 2-alkyl(aryl)-1-hydroxy-1H-naphtho[2,3-d]imidazole-4,9-dione as main products.

PREDICTION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND SYNTHESIS OF AZOMETHINE DERIVATIVES OF 2-AMINO-4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDRO-1-BENZOTHIOPHENE-3-CARBOXAMIDE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Алексей Сергеевич Чиряпкин ◽  
Иван Панайотович Кодониди ◽  
Александр Владимирович Ивченко ◽  
Лариса Ивановна Щербакова ◽  
Александр Алексеевич Глушко
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Computer Prediction ◽  
Web Resource ◽  
Pass Online ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
The Web

В статье представлены результаты компьютерного прогноза биологи-ческой активности азаметинов 2-амино-4,5,6,7-тетрагидро-1-бензотиофен-3-карбоксамида в веб-ресурсе PASS Online. Согласно им моделируемые соединения обладают выраженной противораковой и антимикобактериальной активностями. Затем был осуществлен синтез исследуемых соединений. The article presents the results of computer prediction of the biological activity of azomethines of 2-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophene-3-carboxamide in the web resource PASS Online. According to them, the modeled compounds have pronounced anticancer and antimycobacterial activities. Then the synthesis of the studied compounds was carried out.

scholarly journals Mass spectra analysis of quinoline alkaloids detected in Sauuda fruticose leads to novel biosynthesis pathway of quinoline alkaloids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel M. Al-ghazzawi ◽  
Mohammed A Alshehri ◽  
Ahmad A Deeb ◽  
Musa H Abu zarga ◽  
Ali Y Alalmie
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Quinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Suaeda Fruticosa

Abstract Alkaloids reported to have a wide range of biological activity moreover, the biological effects of alkaloids depends on the type of the alkaloids and since the phytochemical screening studies on Suaeda fruticosa indicates the presence of alkaloids but they did not determine the types of the alkaloids present on this plant. Consequently, the LC-MS/MS analysis of the alkaloidal part of Suaeda fruticosa leave extarct reveals the presence of six quinoline alkaloids beside that mass spectra analysis of the present quinoline alkaloids leads to suggest a new biosynthetic pathway of quinoline alkaloids.

Effect of the Type of Solvent and Bi-Stoichiometric Excess on the Purity of Nanocrystalline Bismuth Ferrite Single Phase

2012 ◽  
Vol 1454 ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Montes-Albino ◽  
Marco Gálvez-Saldaña ◽  
Boris Renteria-Beleño ◽  
Oscar Perales-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Bismuth Ferrite ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Acid Media ◽  
Synthesis Conditions ◽  
Main Challenge

ABSTRACTThe main challenge associated with the synthesis of pure bismuth ferrite (BFO) is the extremely high stability of parasitic or secondary phase Bi-oxides, which contaminates the single ferrite phase and affects the corresponding functional properties. Therefore, any attempt to determine the optimum synthesis conditions conducive to the inhibition of the formation of those impurity phases becomes indispensable. Accordingly, the present work addresses the systematic evaluation of the type of solvent and synthesis parameters to exclusively produce the BFO structure. Nanocrystalline BFO powders were synthesized after thermal treatment of the solid intermediates formed in ethylene glycol and acetic acid media. The experimental work also considered the effect of the excess of Bi species with respect to the BiFeO3stoichiometry and the annealing of the intermediates at different temperatures. The structure formation was confirmed by XRD analysis and magnetic properties were studied by VSM. X-ray diffraction analyses confirmed that powders exhibiting single phase BFO structure were produced after annealing the intermediate which was formed in acetic acid for one hour at 700°C. The average crystallite size and lattice parameter were calculated to be approximately 40 nm and 5.36 Å, respectively. It was also found that the synthesis under 7% of Bi-stoichiometric excess inhibited the formation of the parasitic phases after annealing the intermediate produced in ethylene glycol medium. The saturation magnetization of the powders annealed at 700°C were 0.15 emu/g and 0.17 emu/g when the BFO intermediates were formed in ethylene glycol and acetic acid media, respectively. The corresponding coercivity values were 6 Oe and 21 Oe.

Current Advances in the Biological Activity of Polysaccharides in Dendrobium with Intriguing Therapeutic Potential

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 1663-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ting Lee ◽  
Heng-Chun Kuo ◽  
Yung-Hsiang Chen ◽  
Ming-Yen Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

The polysaccharides in many plants are attracting worldwide attention because of their biological activities and medical properties, such as anti-viral, anti-oxidative, antichronic inflammation, anti-hypertensive, immunomodulation, and neuron-protective effects, as well as anti-tumor activity. Denodrobium species, a genus of the family orchidaceae, have been used as herbal medicines for hundreds of years in China due to their pharmacological effects. These effects include nourishing the Yin, supplementing the stomach, increasing body fluids, and clearing heat. Recently, numerous researchers have investigated possible active compounds in Denodrobium species, such as lectins, phenanthrenes, alkaloids, trigonopol A, and polysaccharides. Unlike those of other plants, the biological effects of polysaccharides in Dendrobium are a novel research field. In this review, we focus on these novel findings to give readers an overall picture of the intriguing therapeutic potential of polysaccharides in Dendrobium, especially those of the four commonly-used Denodrobium species: D. huoshanense, D. offininale, D. nobile, and D. chrysotoxum.

Biological Activity of Trans-Membrane Anion Carriers

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (30) ◽  
pp. 3560-3576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Tosolini ◽  
Paolo Pengo ◽  
Paolo Tecilla
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Membrane Transport ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Structure Activity Relationship ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Activity Relationship ◽  
Anion Channels ◽  
Cellular Homeostasis ◽  
Structure Activity

Natural and synthetic anionophores promote the trans-membrane transport of anions such as chloride and bicarbonate. This process may alter cellular homeostasis with possible effects on internal ions concentration and pH levels triggering several and diverse biological effects. In this article, an overview of the recent results on the study of aniontransporters, mainly acting with a carrier-type mechanism, is given with emphasis on the structure/activity relationship and on their biological activity as antibiotic and anticancer agents and in the development of new drugs for treating conditions derived from dysregulation of natural anion channels.

Synthesis and Biological Activity of Embelin and its Derivatives: An Overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 396-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaojun Sheng ◽  
Siyuan Ge ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
Rongchao Jian ◽  
Xiaole Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Embelia Ribes ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Apoptosis Protein

Embelin is a naturally occurring para-benzoquinone isolated from Embelia ribes (Burm. f.) of the Myrsinaceae family, and contains two carbonyl groups, a methine group and two hydroxyl groups. With embelin as the lead compound, more than one hundred derivatives have been reported. Embelin is well known for its ability to antagonize the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM. The potential of embelin and its derivatives in the treatment of various cancers has been extensively studied. In addition, these compounds display a variety of other biological effects: antimicrobial, antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic and antifertility activity. This paper reviews the recent progress in the synthesis and biological activity of embelin and its derivatives. Their cellular mechanisms of action and prospects in the research and development of new drugs are also discussed.

Enzymes as a Reservoir of Host Defence Peptides

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 1310-1323
Author(s):  
Andrea Bosso ◽  
Antimo Di Maro ◽  
Valeria Cafaro ◽  
Alberto Di Donato ◽  
Eugenio Notomista ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Cellular Responses ◽  
Host Defence ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Active Peptides ◽  
Wide Range

Host defence peptides (HDPs) are powerful modulators of cellular responses to various types of insults caused by pathogen agents. To date, a wide range of HDPs, from species of different kingdoms including bacteria, plant and animal with extreme diversity in structure and biological activity, have been described. Apart from a limited number of peptides ribosomally synthesized, a large number of promising and multifunctional HDPs have been identified within protein precursors, with properties not necessarily related to innate immunity, consolidating the fascinating hypothesis that proteins have a second or even multiple biological mission in the form of one or more bio-active peptides. Among these precursors, enzymes constitute certainly an interesting group, because most of them are mainly globular and characterized by a fine specific internal structure closely related to their catalytic properties and also because they are yet little considered as potential HDP releasing proteins. In this regard, the main aim of the present review is to describe a panel of HDPs, identified in all canonical classes of enzymes, and to provide a detailed description on hydrolases and their corresponding HDPs, as there seems to exist a striking link between these structurally sophisticated catalysts and their high content in cationic and amphipathic cryptic peptides.

The Influence of Ultra-Low Concentrations of Potassium Anphen on the Bioenergetic Characteristics of Mitochondria

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-542
Author(s):  
Zhigacheva Irina ◽  
Volodkin Aleksandr ◽  
Rasulov Maksud
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Membrane Lipids ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Mitochondrial Membranes ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Wide Range

Background: One of the main sources of ROS in stress conditions is the mitochondria. Excessive generation of ROS leads to oxidation of thiol groups of proteins, peroxidation of membrane lipids and swelling of the mitochondria. In this regard, there is a need to search for preparationsadaptogens that increase the body's resistance to stress factors. Perhaps, antioxidants can serve as such adaptogens. This work aims at studying the effect of antioxidant; the potassium anphen in a wide range of concentrations on the functional state of 6 day etiolated pea seedlings mitochondria (Pisum sativum L). Methods: The functional state of mitochondria was studied per rates of mitochondria respiration, by the level of lipid peroxidation and study of fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes by chromatography technique. Results: Potassium anphen in concentrations of 10-5 - 10-8 M and 10-13-10-16 prevented the activation of LPO in the mitochondrial membranes of pea seedlings, increased the oxidation rates of NAD-dependent substrates and succinate in the respiratory chain of mitochondria that probably pointed to the anti-stress properties of the drug. Indeed, the treatment of pea seeds with the preparation in concentrations of 10-13 M prevented the inhibition of growth of seedlings in conditions of water deficiency. Conclusion: It is assumed that the dose dependence of the biological effects of potassium anphen and the manifestation of these effects in ultra-low concentrations are due to its ability in water solutions to form a hydrate containing molecular ensembles (structures).

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