scholarly journals Historical origins of legends about G. Skovoroda's and K. Ryleyev's staying in Osynivska church (Osynove village, Novopskovsky district, Luhansk region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 202-214
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Naboka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
National Movement ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Family ◽  
Historical Authenticity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Further Development

The article deals with the historical authenticity of the legends about the philosopher Hryhoriy Skovoroda's and Decembrist Kindrat Ryleyev's stay in the Holy Dormition Church (Osinove village, Novopskovsky district, Luhansk region) in the XVIII – XIX centuries. The author notes that this issue is practically not reflected in Ukrainian historical science. Among the few studies, there are local lore articles by Novopskov local historian V. Yaroshenko, collected on the site „History of our region on the river Aidar and beyond!”. The author considers it necessary to fill this scientific gap, especially since its study, among other things, allows us to consider the historical preconditions for the formation of the Ukrainian national movement in the first half of the nineteenth century. The pedigree of the Ostrogozhsky colonels Tevyashev, whose efforts brought to the settlement of Osinovo and surrounding lands, as well as the construction of the Holy Dormition Church are considered in the article. It is noted that the Tevyashevs had permanent ties with G. Skovoroda (who visited their estates) and with K. Ryleyev, who was the son-in-law of a representative of the family – Mikhail Tevyashev. The process of formation of Tevyashev's political views is shown, which significantly influenced the process of formation of the Ukrainian national movement of the first half of the XIX century As a result of the study, the author concludes that the legends about the visit of G. Skovoroda and K. Ryleyev Osinivska Church are reflecting the real history of communication of these prominent figures of Ukrainian / Russian culture with representatives of the Slobozhansky Cossack family Tevyashev, who took a direct part in the process of creating both Osinovka and the Church of the Assumption on its territory. Note that this communication gave impetus and socio-political context to the further development of the national movement in Ukraine in the first half of the nineteenth century. The article notes that this topic will be systematically and comprehensively studied in future scientific publications.

scholarly journals From political and intellectual biography of the Yakut emigrant Asklefeodot Afanasyevich Ryazansky (1898-1968)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Pavel Olegovich Savvinov
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
World History ◽  
Intellectual Biography ◽  
Russian Civil War ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Comprehensive Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mental Characteristics

The subject of this research, dedicated to mental characteristics of the world of Yakut emigration of 1917 – 1940, is the history of Yakut emigration on the example of life of the active participant in the anti-Bolshevik movement in the northeast of Russia, who fought for the alternative path of development in the XX century and the Yakut emigrant Asklefeodot Afanasyevich Ryazansky (1898 – 1968). The object of this research is the history of Russian emigration. Historical-biographical method is applies in the course of this work. The article analyzes the adaptation of the Yakut emigrant in the context of impact of external factors in China and Australia, as well as his political views. The scientific novelty is defined by the fact that the topic of Yakut emigration and “Yakut world” did not receive due coverage within the Russian historical science, although it is an important scientific problem that requires comprehensive examination on the background of Revolution of 1917 and Russian Civil war in the context of world history. The conclusion is made that along with majority of Russian emigrants of the first wave, A. A Ryazansky struggled for survival in the new conditions abroad and was able to adjust to foreign cultural environment, having become a prominent journalist in China, and later the owner of marine company in Australia. Ryazansky saw the future of his homeland (Russia) as a democratic federative state with guaranteed preservation of ethnocultural identity of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia with the possibility of receiving education.

scholarly journals The War of Khalkhin Gol in 1939 and the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Sukhodolov ◽  
Tuvd Dorj ◽  
Yuriy Kuzmin ◽  
Mikhail Rachkov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
World War ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Second World

For the first time in Russian historiography, the article draws attention to the connection of the War of Khalkhin Gol in 1939 and the conclusion of the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact of 1939. For a long time, historical science considered these two major events in the history of the USSR and history of the world individually, without their historic relationship. The authors made an attempt to provide evidence of this relationship, showing the role that surrounding and defeating the Japanese army at Khalkhin Gol in August 1939 and signing in Moscow of the German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact played in the history of the world. The study analyzes the foreign policy of the USSR in Europe, the reasons for the failure in the conclusion of the Anglo-Franco-Soviet military union in 1939 and the circumstances of the Pact. It shows the interrelation between the defeat of the Japanese troops at Khalkhin Gol and the need for the Soviet-German treaty. The authors describe the historic consequences of the conclusion of the pact for the further development of the Japanese-German relations and the course of the Second World War. They also present the characteristics of the views of these historical events in the Russian historiography.

scholarly journals «GERMAN GRAMMAR» BY JACOB GRIMM AND SCHOOL GERMAN GRAMMAR BOOKS IN THE NINETEENTH-CENTURY GERMANY

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Lukin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Native Language ◽  
German Language ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The article is devoted to the place of J. Grimm's «German grammar» among school German grammar books of the XIX century Germany. The work that appeared at the beginning of the century opened a new page in the history of linguistics – the development of comparative historical language study and the formation of linguistics as a science. The paper provides information on some of the most important German grammar textbooks in Germany of the XIX century, used in secondary schools. They were grammar books by J. Ch. Gottsched, J. Ch. Adelung, J. Ch. A. Heyse, J. G. Radlof, S. G. A. Herling, F. J. Schmitthenner, M. W. Götzinger, etc. The author of the article compares J. Grimm's «German grammar» with the above-mentioned grammar works of that time and puts forward a hypothesis that in the XIX century Germany there appeared an opposition between scientific approach to grammar and that of school grammar books, which, according to the author, reflects dramatically different goals set by both sides. Unlike school textbooks which task is to consistently initiate students into the system of their native language, often on the basis of the matrix created by Alexandrian grammarians, scientific grammar is based on the results of linguistic research and seeks to answer questions about language phenomena. J. Grimm rejected any normative grammar based on logics, that resulting in the aversion on the part of the pedagogical community. Nevertheless, the publication of «German grammar» resulted in appearance of German language textbooks the writers of which tried to build their work on the basis of Grimm’s work, thereby contributing to the popularization of the ideas of the great linguist both among the pedagogical community and the students (A. F. H. Vilmar and K. A. J. Hoffmann).

The Roman Garden

1950 ◽  
Vol 19 (57) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
James Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Private Life ◽  
First Century ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Social Habits ◽  
Almost All

Aman's character is judged not merely by his public services and his political views but also by his private life and individual interests. Similarly the history of a nation is to be read not only in its military exploits, its constitutional experiments, its art and literature, but also in the social habits and predominant interests of its citizens. Just as a garden mirrors the character of its owner, so the gardens of a nation reflect the character and the degree of advancement of the State. It is no coincidence that the popular garden of the Roman Republic was the simple kitchen garden, while under the Empire pretentious landscape gardens were the vogue. The vitalizing energy of the Republic found an outlet in the productive vegetable plot: the elaborate but sterile gardens of the Empire were symbolic of incipient decay.Until the first century b.c. almost all Roman gardens were cottage gardens. Their plan and culture were governed solely by practical needs. From them the mistress of the house used to replenish her larder and medicine-chest and adorn the family shrine with flowers. Pliny the Elder reminds the luxury-seeking populace of a later date that in the past at Rome a garden was the poor man's estate: it was the only market he had from which to provide himself with food. The prime function of a garden was to make its owner self-sufficient. This self-sufficiency was more easy of attainment in ancient Italy than in more northerly countries, for the diet of the Romans consisted, for the most part, of salads.

The Stem Family in Ireland

1978 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gibbon ◽  
C. Curtin
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Patriarchal Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Primary Socialization ◽  
Main Family

The subject of this paper is the question of the stem family, in the sociological literature and in anthropological studies of Ireland. The notion of the stem family is said to derive from the work of the nineteenth-century French sociologist Frederic Le Play (1806–82). Le Play divided the history of the family into three stages. Ancient societies were supposedly characterized by what he called the ‘patriarchal’ family, in which all the sons were retained within the household, over which the oldest member of the family ruled and in which any number of generations resided. Most of the world's population were said however to have experienced their primary socialization in the ‘stem’ family. The stem family was a threegenerational structure which functioned to retain its original location (land and/or house) by means of dispersing most younger members, while preserving the main family stem by a principle of single inheritance. Parents married off and kept within the group only those children nominated as successors. Finally, there was the modern, ‘unstable’ family which formed upon marriage and dissolved upon the death of the parents.

scholarly journals Materials to the history of Kharkov clinic established by doctor G.A. Davidovich (1895–1920)

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Assistant Professor ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Special Project ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Physician ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Story Building ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Methods Of Treatment ◽  
Source Materials

Rationale and purpose of the study. At the end of XIX century, in Kharkov, a large private clinic was opened, with modern equipment for physiotherapy. Its work, the names of employees and the role in the development of urban medicine are poorly and unclearly highlighted in the literature. The purpose of the work is to establish according to the source materials the main stages of the history of the hospital and the names of the doctors who played key roles in it. Sources. The study used annual guides published in Kharkov (city and special medical) and in St. Petersburg (“Russian Medical List”), “Lists of students of the Imperial Kharkov University”; “Kharkov Medical Journal”, the newspapers “Kharkov Provincial Gazette” and “Southern Region”. Results. It is established that the surgical clinic with an in-patient facility was opened in Kharkov in 1893; the head of the department was the doctor G.A. Davidovich, and the resident physician was P.A. Litsyn, both graduates of Kharkov University. In 1895, G.A. Davidovich became the owner of the clinic (including its building), and P.A. Litsyn became the head; the list of services was added with the treatment of internal and nervous diseases. During the years 1896-1898, a new three-story building was built for the hospital with a special project, and emphasis in its equipment was placed on water treatment and phototherapy. Here, one of the first in Russia electric light baths invented in the early 1890s by an American physician D.H. Kellogg, were installed. However, in the same year of 1898, G.A. Davidovich died, and the clinic was inherited by his widow Sophia; Litsyn remained the head of the department. In 1899, doctor B.I. Spivakov, who graduated from the Khar- kov University, was admitted to work in the hospital. Over the next 20 years, yesterday’s student made a great contribution to the further development of the hospital as a physiotherapy hospital. After the nationalization of the clinic by the Bolsheviks, it became a city hospital, where P.A. Litsyn and B.I. Spivakov continued to work. The latter became an assistant professor, and in 1930 the head of the depart- ment of physiotherapy of the Institute for Advanced Training of Physicians. In the mid-1920’s, on the basis of the former clinic of Davidovich, the Ukrainian Institute of Physiotherapy and Balneology was opened. Conclusion. The hospital of Davidovich, and especially its employee B.I. Spivakov played a significant role in the development of Kharkov medicine, especially in the improvement of physical methods of treatment.

scholarly journals Ethnic maps of Ukrainian lands in works of Ukrainian and Russian scientists of the second half of XIX century

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Andriy Baitsar
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Geographical Research ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ethnic Mapping ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
First Time

The study considered the development of ideas about the limits of settling the Ukrainian people in connection with the compilation of ethnographical map of the Austrian and Russian monarchies, since the 40s of XIX century. The views of Ukrainian and Russian researchers who have studied this issue during different periods are analysed. In the manuscript “Geography of Ptolemy” in 1420 (the author is unknown), the map “Sarmatia” (Sarmatias) (the name of the map is conditional) Ukrainian lands were depicted for the first time and for the first time the map contained the inscription “Sarmatia”. Nicolaus Hermanus, who revised the content of “Geography” by Claudius Ptolemy (Cosmographia Claudii Ptolomaei Alexandrini Manuscript, 1467), first placed the name “European Sarmatia” (Sarmatia Єvropє) on the handwritten map of 1467. In the second (the first one with maps) Bologna edition 1477 (26 maps) of Claudia Ptolemy's “Geography” also contained a map of “European Sarmatia”. In the next Roman edition (1478) the Eighth Map of Europe (Octava Europe Tabula) and the Second Map of Asia (Secunda Asiae Tabula) are contained, which the Ukrainian lands are depicted in. Based on a detailed study and analysis of cartographic sources, summarizing the results of ethnographic, historical and geographical research of Ukrainian ethnic territory tracked changes in the boundaries of settling the Ukrainian ethnos. In the early nineteenth century in many European countries, regular population censuses had been introduced and ethnographic studies related to the Ukrainian national revival had been intensified. It created objective prerequisites for the beginning of ethnic mapping in the 1920s and became possible to map the composition of the population in detail, literally by settlements, to determine the absolute and relative share of a particular nationality in a certain territory. The main cartographic works of Ukrainian and Russian scientists, which depict the Ukrainian ethnic territory, are chronologically highlighted. Many ethnic maps have been described. On the basis of elaboration of a considerable number of cartographic and literary sources, the history of ethnographic mapping of the territory of Ukrainian settlements is chronologically covered. Key words: ethnographic researching, map, Ukrainian lands, ethnos.

scholarly journals Three pinnacles in the course of development of faculty therapy clinic of the Emperor Moscow University

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 949-955
Author(s):  
V. I. Borodulin ◽  
K. A. Pashkov ◽  
Mikhail V. Poddubny ◽  
A. V. Topolyansky ◽  
P. V. Shadrin
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Therapeutic School ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Therapy Clinic

The article highlights the history of the faculty therapy clinic of the Emperor Moscow University, i.e. of pre-Soviet MGU. The clinic’s activities are traced at their different stages when they were guided by profs. A.I. Over, G.A. Zakhar’in, P.M. Popov, V.D. Shervinsky, L.E. Golubinin, and N.F. Golubov. Analysis of numerous literature and archival data (including state archives and Shervinsky’s personal archive) provided a deeper insight into the post-Zakhar’in activities, allowed to correct erroneous information contained in some literature publications, and collect additional data for biographies of the leading professors of the clinic with special reference to the contribution made by the Shervinsky-Golubinin scientific and clinical school.Three pinnacles in the course of development of the clinic were distinguished dated to the mid-XIX century (under prof. A.I. Overt), the 1860s-1870s (under the then young reformer G.A.Zakhar’in), and the first decade of the XX century (under profs. V.D. Shervinsky and L.E. Golubinin who created a scientific therapeutic school that greatly promoted the further development of internal medicine in this country).

scholarly journals IN THE WAKE OF PUGACHEV’S REBELLION: EXPERIENCE IN ORAL HISTORY

2016 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
N. V. Shevtsov
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Urals ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Vast Area

Grand uprising led by Pugachev seized a vast area from the middle reaches of the Volga, the Urals and the Kazakh steppes. Thousands of people from different classes and nationalities joined rebellious Ural Cossacks in 1773. From the beginning, the uprising was of antimonarchic, not noble character, although its leader, and posed as a resurrected Emperor Peter III. During two years since 1773 the rebels were holding at bay the entire Russian Empire, becoming a real threat to the power of Catherine II. Pugachev's Rebellion is a subject of numerous works of Russian historians, writers, articles, research journalists and ethnographers. But perhaps the most famous "History of Pugachev" is written by a classic of Russian literature Alexander Pushkin. His work became one of the first (if not the first) serious historical studies on Pugachev's Rebellion. The historical science of XIX century, especially its first half, doesn't know many writings on the uprising. The fact that historians did not dare to write about Pugachev and the events that took place in 1773-1775 years, as Catherine II prohibited even mention the uprising. The decree of the senate ordered even rename the place, where the described events took place, for example, the Yaik river and Yaitsk town in order "to bring all that has happened to eternal oblivion." The famous historian S.M. Solovyov did not have advance to write about Pugachev. Death interrupted his work when his 29 volume ws in process, which he planned to complete with the execution of the leader of the uprising. Russian historian V.O. Klyuchevskii did not write many pages devoted to Pugachev as well. The author of this article visited the places, where the events took place, and repeated the journey of A.S. Pushkin, who visited the region in 60years after Pugachev's Rebellion. By talking with the locals, visiting ancient towns and villages, I sought to find out what has now preserved since ancient times, whether it is possible today to see evidence of the uprising or the famous trip of A.S. Pushkin.

scholarly journals THE QUESTION OF THE PRECONDITIONS OF THE STRUGGLE OF THE MOUNTAINEERS OF THE NORTH-EASTERN CAUCASUS IN THE 20 - 50 YEARS OF THE XIX CENTURY

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
M R Hasanov
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Communities ◽  
The North ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century

The Article examines the preconditions of the struggle of the mountaineers Sevres-Eastern Caucasus in the 20-50-ies of the XIX century On the basis of analysis of sources and existing literature reveals the principal causes of the struggle of the mountaineers against the colonial policy of tsarism and the local rulers. It stresses that the dissatisfaction of the highlanders was caused by construction on arable land fortresses, device the so-called fortified lines with the Cossack settlements, permanent mobilization of the local population to build roads, fortresses, requirements, burdensome taxes and the heavy duties and activities assigned to mountain communities and possession of the king's officers and the commandant of managers to intervene in the internal life of the highlanders. The article talks about the brutal repression used by the Royal officials in relation to the unhappy mountaineers - the burning of entire villages, destruction of crops and grain reserves, the destruction of the gardens - all this aroused the indignation of the mountaineers and led to the struggle against tsarist oppression and local feudal lords. The article is subjected to criticism the concept of M. M. Bliev, if the mountaineers lived by raids on their neighbors. His thesis is that in the first half of the nineteenth century the mountaineers have experienced a period of expansion of tribal relations, not only clarifies the issue of their struggle in the 20-50 years of the XIX century, but also confuses the history of the peoples of the region. The publication highlights how local authorities based on the Royal arms, brutally oppressed rank and file of the highlanders, were taken from their last horse or bull, the last under the grain in the tax bill. The article presents material about the ill-treatment of Aslan-Khan Kyurinsky and the other lords with their subordinates. The feudal lords levied a population with taxes and duties at its discretion, enriched by direct robbery. Therefore, according to the article, the idea of anti-colonial protest in the minds of the highlanders were merged with the anti-feudal aspirations.

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