scholarly journals Preliminary assessment of probiotic Bacillus subtilis C-3102 in feces: evaluation of their survival after oral supplementation in goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-159
Author(s):  
Watcharapong Choonkham ◽  
◽  
Axel van Ruitenbeek ◽  
Jan Thomas Schonewille ◽  
Witaya Suriyasathaporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Oral Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The objective of the study was to assess the presence of Bacillus subtilis C-3102 in feces after oral supplementation in goats. Six, rumen-fistulated, 3.5 year-old, non-lactating female Saanen goats (average initial body weight of 65 ± 8 kg) were assigned to two treatments 1) a basal diet (CON), and 2) a basal diet supplemented with B. subtilis C-3102 probiotic product (BS) in a cross-over design. Each experimental period lasted 21 days with was preceded by a 20 days adaptation period. On the last day of each experimental period, rumen fluid and fecal samples were collected. Body weights were recorded weekly throughout the experiment. Body weight and rumen pH were found to be similar between dietary treatments. The goats that received BS had higher numbers of B. subtilis C-3102 in fecal samples than CON. It was therefore concluded that supplemental B. subtilis C-3102 met an important precondition of probiotics in that they can survive the passage through the gastrointestinal tract without evident adverse effects. The current result provides a solid basis for future research involving any effects after supplementing probiotic B. subtilis in goats.

scholarly journals Correlation of the rumen fluid microbiome and the average daily gain with a dietary supplementation of Allium mongolicum Regel extracts in sheep1

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 2865-2877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxi Du ◽  
Khas Erdene ◽  
Shengyang Chen ◽  
Saruli Qi ◽  
Zhibi Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Illumina Hiseq ◽  
Rumen Microbiome ◽  
Microbiome Profile ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Powder Extract

Abstract Plant extracts can affect the rumen microbiome and ADG in ruminants, and studies of the association between the rumen microbiome and ADG provide information applicable to improving ruminant growth performance. The objectives were to investigate the effects of Allium mongolicum Regel extracts on the rumen microbiome and ADG and their association in sheep. Forty healthy, male, small-tailed Han sheep (6 mo, 34 ± 3.5 kg body weight) were randomly assigned to 1 of the following 4 dietary treatments: basal diet as control group (CK, n = 10), basal diet supplemented with 3.4 g·sheep−1·d−1A. mongolicum Regel powder extract as PAM group (PAM, n = 10), basal diet supplemented with 10 g·sheep−1·d−1A. mongolicum Regel powder as AM group (AM, n = 10), and basal diet supplemented with 10 g·sheep−1·d−1A. mongolicum Regel powder extract residue as RAM group (RAM, n = 10). The ADG for individual sheep was calculated using the sum of the ADGs observed during the experimental period divided by the number of days in the experimental period. At the end of the experiment, sheep were randomly selected from each treatment for slaughter (n = 6), and the rumen fluids were collected and stored immediately at −80 °C. Illumina HiSeq was subsequently used to investigate the changes in the rumen microbiome profile, and the associations with ADG were analyzed by Spearman correlation coefficient analysis. The results demonstrated that, compared with that in CK group, the ADG in AM and RAM significantly increased (P = 0.0171). The abundances of Tenericutes and Mollicutes ([ρ] = 0.5021, P = 0.0124) were positively correlated with ADG. Within Mollicutes, the abundances of Anaeroplasmatales ([ρ] = 0.5458, P = 0.0058) and Anaeroplasmataceae ([ρ] = 0.5458, P = 0.0058) were positively correlated with ADG. The main negatively correlated bacteria were Saccharibacteria ([ρ] = −0.4762, P = 0.0187) and Betaproteobacteria ([ρ] = −0.5669, P = 0.039). Although Anaeroplasmatales and Anaeroplasmataceae were positively correlated with ADG, Saccharibacteria and Betaproteobacteria were negatively correlated with ADG. In conclusion, supplementation with A. mongolicum Regel powder and extracts will influence the rumen microbiome and increase the ADG.

Amino acid and energy digestibility in different sources of rice bran for growing pigs

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kaufmann ◽  
W. C. Sauer ◽  
M. Cervantes ◽  
Y. Zhang ◽  
J. He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
The Individual

Studies were carried out to determine the digestibilities of amino acids (AA) and energy in five sources of rice bran (RB). The sources of RB included two that were not further processed, a defatted, an extruded, and an atypical source of RB consisting mainly of starchy endosperm referred to as polish. Six barrows, average initial body weight 36.5 kg, were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum, and fed six diets according to a 6 × 6 Latin square design. The five RB-containing diets contained 53.8% corn, 19.9% soybean meal, and 23.1% RB. The basal diet contained 71.0% corn and 26.3% soybean meal. The dietary allowance was provided at a rate of 4% (wt/wt) of the individual body weight determined at the initiation of each experimental period. Each experimental period comprised 11 d. Following a 7-d adaptation period, faeces were collected for 48 h and ileal digesta for 24 h in two 12-h periods. Chromic oxide was used as the digestibility marker. There was considerable variation in AA digestibilities among the RB samples. By aid of the difference method under the dietary conditions specified, the apparent ileal digestibilities of lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan ranged from 62.6 to 82.2, 61.4 to 76.0, 58.4 to 82.8, and 58.8 to 82.6%, respectively. The digestibilities were lowest in the defatted source of RB and highest in polish. Not including polish of which the total tract energy digestibility was 88.2%, the digestibilities of the other samples ranged from 60.5 to 65.8%. A small proportion of the variation in AA digestibility can be attributed to the content of crude protein, fat and ash in RB. Key words: Amino acids, digestibility, energy, pigs, rice bran

Bacillus subtilis, essential oil, chromium and glucose as sow pack alters the performance, immune and stress on pregnant sows and piglets

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Nguyen ◽  
R. Lan ◽  
I. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Blood Profiles

A total of 26 (Landrace × Yorkshire) sows were randomly allotted to two experimental dietary treatments: 1) basal diet (CON); 2) CON plus 0.28% sow pack (SP) to determine the effect of Bacillus subtilis, essential oil, chromium and glucose as sow pack supplementation on sows and piglets. During the overall study, sows fed the SP diet increased body weight of sow after weanling and farrowing, sow back-fat thickness on d 110 , average daily gain of piglets, the level of immunoglobulin-G (IgG) and insulin on d 14 lactating and after weanling and decreased body weight loss, the level of cortisol and glucose on d 14 lactating as well as the level of cortisol after weanling 3 d (P less than 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicated that supplementation of sow pack diet increased performance of sows and piglets, IgG, insulin of blood and decreased the cortisol and glucose in the blood profiles of sows.

Supplementation of Diet With Microbial And Thermo-Stable 6-Phytase With Recommended And Deficient CA and P Level on Broiler Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
MT Islam ◽  
M Habib ◽  
AJM Ferdaus ◽  
MBR Mollah ◽  
MS Ali
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Microbial Phytase ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was carried out to investigate the performances with 1080 male Cobb-500 broiler chicks using different levels of a microbial phytase in plantbased diet. Six dietary treatments were formulated as follows; the first 3 diets were balanced with Ca and Av. P according to the recommendation of Cobb-500 served as basal diet without phytase enzyme (T1), basal diet with 100g phytase ton-1 feed (T2) and basal diet with 200g phytase ton-1 feed (T3), while the last 3 diets were deficient in Ca and Av. P and containing no phytase enzyme (T4), diet with 100g phytase/ton feed (T5) and diet with 200g phytase ton-1 feed (T6). All 6 treatments were replicated 6 times. Body weight, feed consumption and mortality of broilers were recorded weekly. The highest body weight was found in T3 with 200g phytase ton-1 feed with recommended Ca and Av. P level in the diet, followed by T6 with 200g phytase/ton feed with deficient in Ca and Av. P level in the diet (P<0.05). The lowest weight was found in T1 without phytase with recommended Ca and Av. P level in the diet. The feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and mortality of the birds during 35 days of experimental period did not differ significantly (P<0.05). The meat yield characteristics at 35 days of age were non-significant among different treatments (P>0.05). Significantly lower value of total ash (%), Ca (%) and total P (%) of tibia was found in control group (T1) and T4. The results of this experiment revealed that phytase supplementation at 200g ton-1 of feed improved broiler performances at either recommended or deficient level of Ca and Av. P. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 211-222 (2021)

scholarly journals Optical Characterization of Alternaria spp. Contaminated Wheat Grain and Its Influence in Early Broilers Nutrition on Oxidative Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4005
Author(s):  
Nikola Puvača ◽  
Snežana Tanasković ◽  
Vojislava Bursić ◽  
Aleksandra Petrović ◽  
Jordan Merkuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Color Properties ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The aim of this research was the visual characterization and investigating the effects of Alternaria spp. contaminated wheat grains in the starter stage of broilers nutrition on productive parameters and oxidative stress. The research was divided into two phases. Bunches of wheat in post-harvest period of year 2020 was collected from a various locality in Serbia and Albania. In the first phase, collected samples were visual characterized by Alternaria spp. presence by color measurement methods. Gained results are conferred in the range of the color properties of grain color properties of Alternaria toxins. Wheat grain samples were significantly different (p < 0.05) in terms of all measured color parameters (L*, a*, b*). Classification of field fungi in analyzed wheat grain samples showed that the significant field fungi were Rhizopus spp., followed by Alternaria spp., and Fusarium spp. In the second phase, biological tests with chickens were carried out during the broiler chickens’ dietary starter period in the first 14th days of age. At the beginning of the experiment, a total of 180-day-old Ross 308 strain broilers were equally distributed into three dietary treatments, with four replicates each. Dietary treatments in the experiments were as follows: basal diet without visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat (A1), a basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Serbia (A2), basal diet with visual contamination of Alternaria spp. with 25% wheat from Albania (A3). The trial with chickens lasted for 14 days. After the first experimental week, wheat infected with Alternaria spp. in treatment A2 and A3 expressed adverse effects. The highest body weight of chickens of 140.40 g was recorded in broilers on control treatment A1 with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) compared to treatments A2 (137.32 g) and A3 (135.35 g). At the end of the second week of test period, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) difference in body weight of broiler chickens could be noticed. The highest body weight of 352.68 g was recorded in control treatment A1, with statistically significant differences compared to other Alternaria spp. treatments. The lowest body weight of chickens was recorded in treatment A3 (335.93 g). Results of feed consumption and feed conversion ratio showed some numerical differences between treatments but without any statistically significant differences (p > 0.05). Alternaria spp. contaminated diet increased glutathione (GSH), glutathione reductase (GR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and decreased peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) serum levels, respectively. Built on the achieved results, it can be concluded that the wheat contaminated with Alternaria spp. in broilers nutrition negatively affected growth, decreased oxidative protection and interrupted chicken welfare in the first period of life.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary β-Mannanase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Apparent Total Tract Digestibility, Intestinal Integrity, and Immune Responses in Weaning Pigs

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Jae-Cheol Jang ◽  
Kwang Kim ◽  
Young Jang ◽  
Yoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Crypt Depth ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Weaning Pigs ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of dietary β-mannanase supplementation on growth performance, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients, intestinal integrity, and the immunological and oxidative stress parameters in weaning pigs. A total of 64 newly weaning pigs (initial body weight: 6.96 ± 0.70 kg) were allotted to two dietary treatments in eight replicates per treatment with four pigs per pen based on body weight and sex. Dietary treatments were 1.) CON (control: corn-soybean meal based basal diet) and 2.) β-mannanase (basal diet +0.06% β-mannanase). The β-mannanase supplementation did not affect growth performance, concentrations of acute phase protein, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. However, the pigs fed the β-mannanase-supplemented diet had greater ATTD of ether extract, jejunum villus height, and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio, and lower crypt depth compared with those fed the CON diet (p < 0.05). The pigs fed the β-mannanase-supplemented diet tended to have the lower count of E. coli in cecum than those fed the CON diet (p = 0.08). In conclusion, dietary β-mannanase supplementation did not affect growth performance, immune response and oxidative stress of weaning pigs, whereas it increased fat digestibility and had positive effects on intestinal integrity and cecum microflora by reducing the count of E.coli.

Effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis RX7 and B2A supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, blood profiles, and excreta Salmonella counts in laying hens

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
Huan Shi ◽  
Wan Lin Zhang ◽  
In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Blood Profiles

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis RX7 and B2A supplementation on egg production, egg quality, blood profile, and excreta Salmonella population in laying hens. A total of 192 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (40-wk-old) were randomly assigned into four dietary treatments, each of which was replicated eight times with six hens per replicate in a 5 wk trial. The dietary treatments were NC, which is a basal diet without antibiotics or Bacillus subtilis; PC, which is an NC + 0.5 g kg−1 antibiotic (virginiamycin) diet; BSR, which is an NC + 0.5 g kg−1 Bacillus subtilis RX7 (1.0 × 109 colony forming units g−1); and BSB, which is an NC + 0.5 g kg−1 Bacillus subtilis B2A (1.0 × 109 colony forming units g−1). The results showed that hens receiving BSB diets had increased (P < 0.05) eggshell thickness over hens fed the NC, PC, and BSR diets (week 3). The excreta Salmonella counts in the PC, BSR, and BSB groups were lower than the NC group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that dietary inclusion of Bacillus subtilis RX7 and B2A strains effectively decreased excreta Salmonella counts without any detrimental effects on the performance of laying hens.

scholarly journals PSXII-29 Utilizing coproducts as an alternative to forage in adapting feedlot cattle to finishing diets affects the ruminal microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 417-417
Author(s):  
David M Crawford ◽  
Joshua C McCann
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract The objective was to determine the interaction of replacing forage with coproducts and the number of step-up diets when adapting feedlot cattle to a finishing diet on the ruminal microbiome. Simmental × Angus and Angus steers (n = 24; 234 ± 38 kg) were blocked by initial body weight (BW) and allotted to 8 pens as a subset of a larger group. Pens were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments: 1) decreasing coproduct (CO; soybean hulls and modified wet distillers grains) inclusion while increasing dry-rolled corn over 36 d or 2) decreasing forage (FO; alfalfa and grass hay) inclusion while increasing dry-rolled corn over 36 d. Pens were fed either 5 (5S) or 2 (2S) step-up diets for each dietary treatment during the 36 d adaptation period in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Steers were fed a common finishing diet for the remainder of the trial (34 d). The ruminal microbiome was evaluated on d 36 and 70. Alpha diversity was greatest (P &lt; 0.01) for FO/2S steers on d 36. A diet × day effect (P = 0.02) was observed for beta diversity as the microbial community was more similar (P &lt; 0.01) between d 36 and 70 for steers fed CO compared with FO. Relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was greater (P = 0.03) for 2S steers compared with 5S steers. Prevotellaceae tended to be greater (P = 0.07) in 2S steers compared with 5S steers. Lactobacillaceae was greater (P &lt; 0.01) on d 36 than d 70. Limited observed day effects for individual taxa suggest the microbiome was well adapted by treatments for the finishing diet on d 36. Greater coproduct inclusion in adaptation diets may alter the ruminal bacterial community to be more similar to the community while feeding high levels of dry-rolled corn.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic supplementation on reproductive performance and noxious gas emission in sows

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsuk Jeong ◽  
Jongkeun Kim ◽  
Sangin Lee ◽  
Inho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Probiotic Supplementation ◽  
Lactating Sows

Abstract The impacts of probiotics supplementation on reproduction performance and noxious gas emission in sows was evaluated in an experiment with a total of thirty sows (second-parity), from 4 weeks prior to farrowing, to day 21 of lactation. The gestation and lactation diets of sows were supplemented with probiotics containing Bacillus subtilis (1.2 × 107 cfu/g) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (1.15 × 106 cfu/g). Treatment included: basal diet (CON), basal diet + 0.1% probiotics (PB0.1), and basal diet + 0.2% probiotics (PB0.2). The supplementation of dietary probiotics significantly improved average daily feed intake during the lactation period (quadratic, P = 0.0429), sow backfat thickness during the weaning period (linear, P = 0.0385), and initial body weight of piglets (linear, P = 0.0054) as compared with CON, respectively. Furthermore, the supplementation of dietary probiotics reduced noxious gas emission as compared with CON (linear, P<0.05 for day 5 and day 10), respectively. In conclusion, dietary probiotics containing B. subtilis and L. acidophilus improved the growth performance of sows, resulted in increased weaning body weight of piglets, and induced an effective and significant reduction in fecal noxious gas emission in lactating sows, as compared with CON.

scholarly journals Cottonseed cake replacement by soybean pulp in the diet of West African Dwarf lambs in Benin: zootechnical and economic performances

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
Yaya Idrissou ◽  
Hilaire Sorébou Sanni Worogo ◽  
Alassan Seidou Assani ◽  
Jean Aïtchégnon Ayena ◽  
Brice Gérard Comlan Assogba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
West African ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Cottonseed Cake ◽  
Homogeneous Groups ◽  
West African Dwarf ◽  
Ram Lambs

Cottonseed cake was substituted by soybean pulp in the diet of West African Dwarf (Djallonke) sheep, at the Pélébina livestock farm in the commune of Djougou, Benin, in order to assess its effect on growth and economic performances. Thirty ram lambs (120 ± 10 days old, 12.65 ± 0.16 kg body weight) were divided into three homogeneous groups of ten (12.6 ± 1, 12.6 ± 0.97, and 12.7 ± 0.85 kg body weight for R1, R2, and R3, respectively). All lambs received daily the same basal diet of 70% Panicum maximum C1 and 10% corn bran, plus either 20% cottonseed cake (R1), or 10% cottonseed cake and 10% soybean pulp (R2), or 20% soybean pulp (R3). After a 15-day adaptation period, the fattening period lasted 60 days. No difference (p > 0.05) was found between groups on the average daily weight gain (R1, 77.5, R2, 73.1, and R3, 70.2 g/day), although the dry matter intake of R3 (441 g/day/lamb) was lower (p < 0.0001) than that of R1 (482 g/day/lamb). The R3 diet generated a higher net margin (6042 FCFA) than R1 (5613 FCFA) and R2 (5728 FCFA) diets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document