The City of Long Memory

Author(s):  
Coll Thrush

This chapter talks about a certain repatriation that has taken place in London: the remembering and reclaiming of the city and of Indigenous travelers by descendant communities. In this entanglement of memory between the city and its Indigenous history, activism, ceremony, and reenactment are central to the story. Indigenous communities, particularly from Canada, have continued to assert relationships to the Crown through journeys to London, in a tradition that goes back to earlier journeys by Indigenous diplomats. Furthermore, the development of a Maori community in London attests to a lived Indigenous presence in the city, even if other travelers such as Pocahontas remain metaphors in a new, allegedly multicultural city. Together, these stories illustrate the ways in which memory has entangled London in Indigenous history, even as the city has tended to forget its own empire.

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Francisco Maturana ◽  
Mauricio Morales ◽  
Fernando Peña-Cortés ◽  
Marco A. Peña ◽  
Carlos Vielma

Urbanization is spreading across the world and beyond metropolitan areas. Medium-sized cities have also undergone processes of accelerated urban expansion, especially in Latin America, thanks to scant regulation or a complete lack thereof. Thus, understanding urban growth in the past and simulating it in the future has become a tool to raise its visibility and challenge territorial planners. In this work, we use Markov chains, cellular automata, multi-criteria multi-objective evaluation, and the determination of land use/land cover (LULC) to model the urban growth of the city of Temuco, Chile, a paradigmatic case because it has experienced powerful growth, where real estate development pressures coexist with a high natural value and the presence of indigenous communities. The urban scenario is determined for the years 2033 and 2049 based on the spatial patterns between 1985 and 2017, where the model shows the trend of expansion toward the northeast and significant development in the western sector of the city, making them two potential centers of expansion and conflict in the future given the heavy pressure on lands that are indigenous property and have a high natural value, aspects that need to be incorporated into future territorial planning instruments.


Author(s):  
William Beezley

As Mexico’s minister of public education from 1921 to 1924, José Vasconcelos played a prominent role in efforts to create a new national identity expressing the 1910 Revolution’s goals of an inclusive society and equitable nation, opportunities created through education, and shared cultural expressions. Vasconcelos has been widely praised for his educational campaigns, especially in the countryside, among indigenous communities, and for his literacy programs in the city. According to these recent interpretations, his efforts as minister of public education have been both over- and underestimated. Nevertheless, the revolutionary national identity that he helped to foster with his discussion of mestizaje in La Raza Cósmica (The Cosmic Race; 1925) has since been ingrained into everyday life and culture.


Author(s):  
Gildete Elias Dutra ◽  
Marli Teresinha Quartieri ◽  
Rogério José Schuck ◽  
Suzana Feldens Schwertner

O presente trabalho parte de vivência acadêmica envolvendo o 7º Período do Curso de Pedagogia da Faculdade de Educação Santa Terezinha do município de Imperatriz/MA na disciplina de História e Cultura Indígena Brasileira, tendo como objetivo refletir sobre a imagem do indígena na visão das acadêmicas do Curso de Pedagogia. Apresenta se um breve panorama do tratamento dado ao indígena quanto à construção de sua imagem. Utilizou-se como procedimento metodológico uma questão norteadora, através da qual, as acadêmicas relatam a visão que têm dos indígenas antes e depois da disciplina. A partir da análise dos relatos, considera-se que a primeira concepção representa a maneira pela qual foi tratada a história indígena desde o período colonial, o qual gerou um círculo de estigmatização da imagem do indígena no cenário nacional, fortemente presente nos dias atuais. Consequentemente, houve o apagamento da contribuição social dos povos indígenas, seja na formação do povo brasileiro e/ou em outras de ordem sociais e econômicas. A segunda, porém, atribuem-se às reflexões feitas pelos autores sob a mediação da professora na disciplina, que embora em um curto espaço de tempo, as acadêmicas puderam perceber que há necessidade em apurar os olhares em relação aos povos indígenas, sendo a Academia, na contemporaneidade, um dos espaços para que estes sejam ampliados. Contudo, considera-se, ainda, um desafio da educação contemporânea.Palavras-chave: Imagem do Indígena. Imaginário das Acadêmicas. Equívocos e Visões. Contemporaneidade.AbstractThe present work is based on an academic experience involving the 7th Period of the Pedagogy Course of Santa Terezinha School of Education of the city of Imperatriz / MA in the discipline of Brazilian Indigenous History and Culture, aiming to reflect on the indigenous image in the view of the academics of the Course of Pedagogy. It presents a brief overview of the treatment given to indigenous people in the construction of their image. A guiding question was used as methodological procedure, through which, the academics report the vision that they have of the natives before and after the discipline. From the analysis of the reports, it is considered that the first conception represents the way in which indigenous history has been treated since the colonial period, which generated a circle of stigmatization of the indigenous image in the national scene, strongly present currently. Consequently, the social contribution of indigenous peoples was erased, either in the formation of the Brazilian people and / or in other social and economic ones. The second, however, is attributed to the reflections carried out by the authors under the mediation of the teacher in the discipline, who although in a short time, the academics could perceive that there is a need to clarify the views regarding the indigenous peoples, in contemporary times, one of the spaces for them to be expanded. However, it is still considered a challenge of contemporary education.Keywords: The Indigenous Image. Imaginary of Academics. Misunderstandings and Visions. Contemporaneity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Sarria Sanz ◽  
Amanda Alencar

In the wake of globalization discourses and the so-called “spatial turn,” space and place have become central concepts in the social sciences and humanities and in migration studies in particular. Increasingly, and despite the widespread transformations in the ways we move and communicate today, place-making has gained important attention as a practice among diaspora groups, forced migrants, and refugees. To further advance insights in this field of research, the present study investigates the role of communication technologies in the place-making practices of the Yanacona indigenous community, which has been internally displaced in Colombia. In-depth interview data revealed that, for the Yanacona community, place-making is a collective process driven by cultural values of cooperation, collaboration, and solidarity. Building networks of support, protecting the community from disappearing, and restoring the collective identity are three practices that the Yanacona have adapted to make a place in the city of Bogotá. In this process, smartphones and social media are particularly relevant for many of the interviewees, who expressed both advantages and negative implications of these technologies for their community. Results also revealed how indigenous communities take on processes of social construction of technology, challenging the archaism discourse that hinders these communities, especially in the Global South. This study recognizes the relevance of paying attention to emergent indigenous media practices and networks in Colombia, arguing that they can be crucial for a community’s cultural survival after forced migration. This article is part of the Global Perspectives, Media and Communication special collection on “Media, Migration, and Nationalism,” guest-edited by Koen Leurs and Tomohisa Hirata.


2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110510
Author(s):  
Creighton Connolly ◽  
Hamzah Muzaini

While Singapore is often considered an island city in the singular sense, the city-state actually consists of many islands, with the Singapore mainland being by far the largest. While most of these islands traditionally had thriving indigenous communities, all have since been displaced over time as the islands were developed to service Singapore's economic and metabolic needs as a rapidly urbanizing and developing nation. Some of the islands have also undergone considerable transformation (through reclamation) which has had significant impacts on the ecologies of the offshore islands. This simultaneously allowed for the ‘ruralization’ of mainland Singapore to provide more green space for nature conservation, recreation and leisure. This paper will provide a brief history of these transformations, drawing on specific examples which serve to illustrate how Singapore's offshore islands have been redeveloped over time to service the nation-state and in response to the changing needs of the urban core. In doing so, the paper examines how spaces on the urban periphery are deeply bound up with processes of ‘urbanization’, given their important role in processes of urban metabolism. In this way, the paper contributes to recent work in urban political ecology which has sought to trace processes of urbanization beyond the city and render visible the socio-environmental inequalities produced therein.


TERRITORIO ◽  
2011 ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Emanuela Saporito

The article focuses on persistent ethnic and social problems in Mexico City's indigenous communities. While the city is considered one of the most ethnically mixed and cosmopolitan in the world, its indigenous communities are marginalised and suffer the consequences of a discrimination and exclusion process that began during the colonial period. It can actually be said that because of ingrained cultural bias and conditions of extreme poverty, Mexico City's indigenous population lives in a situation of ‘urban marginality' (Wacquant, 2008). The first part describes the historical roots of these ethnic minorities and describes the migration from rural areas to the metropolis. The second part explores the question of marginality, analysing data for the labour market, education and accessibility to services urban indigenous communities, with the aim of understanding whether an integration process has been triggered in recent decades. The third part examines how the government and other institutions are dealing with this problem and proposals for integration policies.


2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Thea Quiray Tagle ◽  
Lorraine Affourtit ◽  
Mirna Boyadjian ◽  
Margaretha Haughwout ◽  
Beverly Naidus ◽  
...  

Written collectively by six femme and queer scholars and artists, this piece is both a critical reflection and creative intervention into art residencies and Zapaturismo (political tourism) in Chiapas, Mexico. Drawing upon our embodied experiences of moving through the Lacandon jungle as part of a well-intentioned yet colonial-minded arts residency, we ruminate on the ethics, practices, and failures of solidarity between North American feminists, people of color, and queer people with Indigenous communities in Mexico under siege. We ask: what are we really searching for when we seek out the Zapatistas, and why participate in “activist art” residencies staged in the Global South? Each section of the article is a collaboratively written vignette that offers multiple vantage points to analyze our individual and collective experiences at the residency that occurred within and between three places in Chiapas: the city of San Cristobal de las Casas, a rural Zapatista Army of National Liberation (Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional or EZLN) caracol, and at a cooperative on the Tonalá shore. Utilizing personal and poetic reflections along with scholarly and political frames, we summon lessons gleaned that will continue to impact our ongoing work with our respective places and communities. To truly listen to the Zapatistas, we conclude, we must take very seriously their messages to our group given in a moment of crisis, to work from our own locations and to transform our own understanding and ethics of care and collectivity.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daihai He ◽  
Yael Artzy-Randrup ◽  
Salihu S. Musa ◽  
Lewi Stone

AbstractThe arrival of SARS-COV-2 in late March 2020 in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, captured worldwide attention and concern. The rapid growth of the epidemic, a health system that had collapsed, and mass gravesites for coping with growing numbers of dead, were broadcast by the media around the world. Moreover, a majority of the local Amazonian indigenous communities were physically distant from appropriate medical services, to the point where warnings of genocide were issued. In a recent Science paper (December 2020), Buss et al. reported that some 76% of the residents of the city of Manaus, the capital of Amazonas, had been infected by October 2020. This estimate of the COVID-19 attack rate was based on a seroprevalence analysis of blood donor data, which despite its shortcomings was thought to be a sufficiently reliable proxy of the larger population. An attack rate of this magnitude (76%) implied that herd immunity had already been reached and the community was relatively protected from further infection. Yet in December 2020, a harsh second wave of COVID-19 struck Manaus, and currently appears to be even larger than the first wave. Here we use mathematical modelling of mortality data in Manaus, and in various states of Brazil, to understand why a second wave appeared against all expectations. Our analysis is based on estimating a “flexible” reproductive number R0(t) from the mortality data, as it changes in time over the epidemic.


2019 ◽  
pp. 103-144
Author(s):  
Ana María Restrepo Rodriguez

La reivindicación de la identidad afrodescendiente en la ciudad de Medellín ha sido, y sigue siendo, un largo proceso de disputa por la ciudad. Desde las décadas de los setenta y ochenta la percepción de una comunidad afrodescendiente, y por lo tanto de su diferencia, obligó a conformar lugares de socialización desde los que se empezaron a dar procesos de identificación y autorreconocimiento. En la década de los noventa y en años recientes, otras estrategias han hecho evidente la presencia y la disputa por el reconocimiento y el derecho a pertenecer: la movilización social y la fiesta irrumpen en el espacio público, activan campos de poder cultural e interpelan a los otros para reivindicar la diferencia, otras memorias de la ciudad y del ser medellinense. Abstract: The identity claims for the afro-descendant people in the city of Medellin has been, and it is still so, a long process of dispute for the city. Since the decades of the seventies and eighties the perception of an afrodescendant community, and therefore of its difference, forced to shape places for socialization. In these places the process of identification and self-recognition began. In the decade of the nineties, and in recent years, other strategies have made evident the presence of afro-descendant communities and its dispute for recognition and for the right to belong: social mobilization and celebration burst in the public space, activating fields of cultural power, claiming the difference to the-others, anothers memory of the city and about being a medellinense. Keywords: territory, territoriality, territorialization, afro-descendant identity, cities, social mobilization, memory, Medellín.  


2021 ◽  
pp. 131-154
Author(s):  
Colin Calloway

This chapter follows Indian delegates as they explored the city during their extended stay, identifying the sights they would have seen, as well as what they would have heard and smelled. Since the Indian delegates did not leave written accounts, the chapter draws on descriptions provided by non-Indian travelers and contemporary images to show how city streets, buildings, markets, wharves, prisons, and churches would have looked to visitors. It provides examples and anecdotes of Indian experiences and suggests how Indian people would have reacted to some of the more unsavory aspects of urban life and facets of so-called civil society that ran counter to the values and practices that sustained Indigenous communities.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document