scholarly journals Inhibitory Power of Papaya Leaves to the Adhesion of Streptococcus Mutans Bacteria to Neutrophils

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1381-1387
Author(s):  
Nining Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Adhesion Index

Papaya leaves contain several active substances that are thought to inhibit bacterial adhesion. This study aims to determine the inhibitory power of papaya leaf extraction and papaya leaf infusion to the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans bacteria to neutrophils and differences in inhibition in various concentrations. The method used is an in vitro experimental laboratory with a post-test-only control group design. The sample consisted of several concentrations of papaya leaf extraction and papaya leaf infusion (control, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). The treatment group was added with neutrophil isolates and incubated for 3 hours, then exposed to Streptococcus mutans for 2.5 hours. Knowing the adhesion index can be done by calculating the average number of Streptococcus mutans attached to 100 neutrophils. The results showed successively with rounding in control, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% papaya leaf infusion, adhesion of 9237, 8929, 7436, 3870, 3162 bacteria to neutrophils occurred. The minimum concentration of 25% papaya leaf extraction and 50% papaya leaf infusion can inhibit the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to neutrophils. There is a difference in the ability between papaya leaf extraction and papaya leaf infusion in inhibiting the adhesion of Streptococcus mutans to neutrophils as follows: papaya leaf extraction 25% to papaya leaf infusion 25% obtained sig value ≥0.001* with a mean square of -16.38, papaya leaf extraction 50% to Papaya leaf infusion 50% got a sig value of ≥0.001* with a mean square of -42.91, 75% papaya leaf extraction to 75% papaya leaf infusion got a sig value of ≥0.001* with a mean square of -28.85 and 100% papaya leaf extraction to 100% papaya leaf infusion obtained a sig value of ≥0.001* with a mean square of -26.11.

scholarly journals UJI EFEK ANTI BAKTERI EKSTRAK BUNGA CENGKEH TERHADAP BAKTERI Streptococcus mutans SECARA IN VITRO

e-GIGI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juvensius R. Andries ◽  
Paulina N. Gunawan ◽  
Aurelia Supit
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antibacterial Effects ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Clove Extract ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstrak: Minyak cengkeh berguna sebagai antibakteri alami. Minyak esensial dari cengkeh mempunyai fungsi anestetik dan antimikrobial. Zat yang terkandung dalam cengkeh yang bernama eugenol dapat membunuh bakteri termasuk bakteri yang resisten terhadap antibiotika, salah satunya adalah bakteri Streptococcus mutans. Bakteri ini merupakan mikroorganisme penyebab utama terjadinya karies. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efek antibakteri ekstrak cengkeh terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental menggunakan post test only control group design. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan coba ekstrak cengkeh dengan konsentrasi 40%, 60%, dan 80%, Ciprofloxacin, aquades dengan pengulangan sebanyak lima kali. Data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis dengan one-way ANOVA dan post-hoc uji LSD ( = 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik penelitian uji efek antibakteri ekstrak cengkeh terhadap bakteri streptococcus mutans secara in vitro, dapat disimpulkaan bahwa ekstrak cengkeh memiliki efek antibakteri dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro. Hasil uji lanjut post-hoc uji LSD menunjukan daya hambat ekstrak cengkeh 40%, 60%, 80%, lebih kecil (p<0,05) dalam menghambat Streptococcus mutans secara in vitro dibandingkan Ciprofloxacin. Kata Kunci: Ekstrak cengkeh, Streptococcus mutans.   Abstract: Clove oil is useful as a natural antibacterial agent, essential oil of clove has anesthetic and antimicrobial effect. Substances contained in clove called eugenol can kill bacteria including antibiotic resistant bacteria, one of which is the bacteria Streptococcus mutans. This bacteria is a major cause for caries. The purpose of this study was to mengetahui clove extrack antibacterial effects againts Streptococcus mutans bacteria in vitro. This study is an experimental study using a post test only control group design. This research try using clove extract with a concentration of 40%, 60%, and 80%, Ciprofloxacin, aquades repetition five times. Data collected and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc LSD test (α = 0.05). Based on the results of the statistical test to test the effects of anti-bacterial research clove extracts against Streptococcus mutans bacteria in vitro, can disimpulkaan that clove extracts have antibacterial effects in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria in vitro.further test result post-hoc LSD test shoved its inhibitory clove extract 40%, 60%, 80% smaller (p<0,05)in hibiting Streptococcus mutans in vitro compared Ciprofloxacin. Keywords: clove extract, Streptococcus mutans

scholarly journals EFEK ANTIBAKTERI SUPERNATAN JUS ANGGUR MERAH YANG DIISOLASI DENGAN KECEPATAN SENTRIFUGASI 12.000 rpm TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN S. MUTANS

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Dini Rachmawati ◽  
Sumarno . ◽  
Anggi Wahyu Nur Cahyani
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Red Grape Juice ◽  
Red Grape

Background: Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) is a gram-positive bacteria in oral cavity which produced acid as the common cause of dental caries. In order to prevent the growth or kill Streptococcus mutans, antibacterial is required. Red grape (Vitis vinifera) is suspected to contain antibacterial.Method: An experimental study using the post test only control group design is carried out to Streptococcus mutans with tube dilution method and streaking on the Brain Heart Infusion. A range of concentration from 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 98%. The control group are group of bacteria and red grape juice control.Result: The analysis of Minimum Inhibitor Bactericidal (MIC) is show a difference absorbent value as the given concentration (Anova, p<0,05). The correlation test show is strong reciprocal association between concentration of res grape juice and absorbent value (r=-0,978; p< 0,05). The analysis of Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) is shows difference of the number of colonies as given concentration (Anova, p<0,05). The correlation reveals a very strong reciprocal association between concentration of red grape juice and the number of Streptococcus mutans colonies growth (r=-0,925; p< 0,05).Conclusion: The conclusion is supernatant of red grape juice has effect the growth as antibacterial agent on Streptococcus mutans in vitro, with MIC at concentration 60% and MBC at concentration 80%

scholarly journals In Vitro Inhibitory Activity of Dayak Onion (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill.) Essential Oil Against Klebsiella pneumoniae

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Marwan Hermawan ◽  
Amanah Amanah ◽  
Nurbaiti Nurbaiti
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Media ◽  
Inhibitory Power ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Growth Of Bacteria

Background: The cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae infec on in West Java province is s ll high. Klebsiella pneu- moniae bacterium can produce the Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase enzyme leading to an bio cs resistant, so it is important to look for natural and inexpensive an bio c alterna ves; one of which is Dayak onion plant (Eleutherine bulbosa Mill). The content found in Dayak onion is believed to inhibit the growth of Klebsiella pneu- moniae bacteria. This study aims to determine the effec veness of Dayak onion essen al oil on the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Methods: This study was an experimental study with a post-test control group design using the culture of Kleb- siella pneumoniae on the media Muller Hinton Agar in 7 groups. Groups 1 to 5 (K1 to K5) were given sequen ally Dayak Onion essen al oil solu on in 10% DMSO solvent with concentra ons of 50%, 25%, 12.5%, 6.25%, and 3.125%. Group 6 (K6) was posi ve control (+) with 5 μg Levofloxacin, and Group 7 (K7) was Nega ve (-) with 10% DMSO. The treatment results were measured by the diameter of the host zone and the collected data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA with appropriate Post hoc analysis. Results: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentra ons showed greater inhibi on. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power. Conclusion: The results showed that that there are differences in each group to inhibit the growth of bacteria (p <0.005). K1 are higher than K2, K3, K4, K5, and K7 with increasing concentra ons showed greater inhibi on. Levofloxacin (K6) showed the highest inhibitory power.

scholarly journals DAYA HAMBAT LARUTAN BAKING SODA KONSENTRASI 70% TERHADAP BAKTERI STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS (IN VITRO)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Sri Hidayati ◽  
Jaja Jaja ◽  
Ida Chairanna
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Paper Disk

Baking soda memiliki sifat alkali yang dapat menetralkan pH rongga mulut sehingga dapat menghambat proses metabolisme bakteri yang menghasilkan asam. Selain itu memiliki kemampuan mempengaruhi tekanan osmotik. Sifat hipertonik dari baking soda menyebabkan  hipotonik sel bakteri kehilangan air, sehingga sel akan dehidrasi dan akhirnya dapat membunuh sel bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat larutan baking soda konsentrasi  70%  terhadap bakteri Streptococcus mutans (In vitro, merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni kelompok perlakuan dan control group design. Pembuatan larutan baking soda 70%  dan bakteri Streptococcus mutans diperoleh di Research Center Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Airlangga. Paper disk yang berisi baking soda 70% dimasukkan oven sampai kering, control(+) Chlorhexedine 0,2% dan control(-) Aquades diinkubasi 37˚C selama 24 jam, zona yang terbentuk disekeliling paper disk diukur diameternya dalam mm. Data dikumpulkan dilakukan uji normalitas dan di cari rata-rata  serta SD, dianalisa menggunakan uji T independen. Hasil penelitian terlihat rata-rata diameter zona bening menunjukkan daya hambatnya masih belum melebihi kelompok kontrol positif dimana rata-rata kelompok perlakuan 14,21mm sedang kelompok kontrol angka rata-rata 19,42mm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan ada perbedaan daya hambat yang terbentuk pada lempeng agar perbenihan streptococcus mutans.  Diharapkan bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan antibakteri untuk mencegah karies gigi dengan pemakaian baking soda yang murah,mudah didapatkan oleh masyarakat, baik berupa kumur-kumur dan diolesan ke permukaan gigi, maupun sebagai bahan tambahan dalam pasta gigi.  Kata kunci       : Bakingsoda 70%, streptococcus mutans

scholarly journals Effectivity of Jatropha multifida L. Leaves Extract as Antibacterial on Streptococcus mutans using In Vitro Testing Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Listyaning Kartiko Kinasih ◽  
Idamawati Nababan ◽  
Suci Erawati ◽  
Rouli Natasia M Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Jatropha Multifida

Intoduction: Health is the condition of the entire body and body parts of an individual who is free from disease both physically, mentally and socially, thus enabling the individual to be able to carry out daily activities more productively. However, many people neglect their own health, especially in the field of dental and oral health. Caries is one of the most common oral and dental problems. The prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia is high, namely 88.8%. Dental caries is caused by Streptococcus mutans bacteria which plays a role in the conversion of sucrose to lactic acid. Infection due to Streptococcus mutans bacteria can be treated by taking antibiotics. Apart from drugs, antibiotics can also be obtained from natural ingredients, one of which is the tintir castor plant (Jatropha multifida Linn) or commonly known as the betadine. Objective: To see the effect of the antibacterial content of tintir leaves against Streptococcus mutans bacteria and to determine the differences in the antibacterial effect of betadine leaf extract (Jatropha multifida L.) from a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% against Streptococcus mutans. Methods: The type of research used in this study was a laboratory experimental study with a post-test-only control group design as the research design and to test the sensitivity of bacteria using the paper disc diffusion test. Data analysis using One-Way ANOVA. Result: The results of this study indicate the effect of tintir castor leaf extract (Jatropha multifida L.) in inhibiting the growth of Streptococcus mutans bacteria.

scholarly journals TOXICOLOGICAL SCREENING OF ELLAGIC ACID IN POMEGRANATE FRUIT AND HYDROXYAPATITE COMBINATION AS BONE GRAFT MATERIAL ON BHK-21 FIBROBLAST CELL

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Agung Satria Wardhana ◽  
Isyana Erlita ◽  
Intan Nirwana ◽  
Hendrik Setiabudi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Fibroblast Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Bone Graft Material ◽  
Post Test

Background: Bone graft is an alternative therapy for periodontitis and other bone destructive lesions. Several studies had revealed Ellagic Acid (EA) ability in increasing osteogenesis process. EA contains polyphenols, such as Ellagitannin, Gallotannin, and Anthocyanin, which demonstrate anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity as well as growth factor stimulating effect. EA combination with bone graft material (hydroxyapatite) is anticipated to enhance bone osteogenesis yet no investigation was performed to identify its toxicity towards fibroblast cell. Objective: To analyze EA toxicity on fibroblast cell in vitro. Methods: This was a true experimental study using post-test only with control group design. Fibroblast cell was exposed with EA in eight different concentrations: 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%. Control group comprised of cell control and media group. All groups were exposed to MTT Assay test and measured using Elisa Reader. Result: The calculation of cell viability value in EA groups at 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% concentration were 88.2%, 92.3%, 97.5%, 89.5%, 84.2%, 90.7%, 88.9% and 89.4% respectively. Conclusion: All EA and hydroxyapatite combinations are not toxic towards BHK-21 fibroblast cells.

scholarly journals Gambaran Histopatologi Pankreas Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Pasca Perlakuan Iskemia-Reperfusi Ginjal

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Elva Rosiana ◽  
Wiwit Ade Fidiawati ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Histopathologic Feature

Ischemic-reperfusion injury is defined by a condition of hypoperfusion in the spesific organ followed by reperfusion(reoxygenation) inducing tissue damage. Tissue damage produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to oxidativestress condition. Oxidative stress mediate the lipid peroxidation reactions, harm the cell and finally facilitate the celldeath. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathologic feature of white rat’s pancreas post renal ischemiareperfusion.This study was an experimental laboratory research with post-test-only control group design including 20male white rats. Rats were divided into 5 groups, control, treatment 1 (45 minutes ischemia), treatment 2 (45 minutesischemia followed by 1 hour reperfusion), treatment 3 (45 minutes ischemia followed by 2 hours reperfusion) andtreatment 4 (45 minutes ischemia followed by24 hours reperfusion). We found the change of the histopathologicalcharacteristics of white rat’s pancreas in term of edema, leukocyte infiltration and vacuolization.

scholarly journals Hambat Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Putri Ramadhani ◽  
Erly Erly ◽  
Asterina Asterina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test

Staphylococcus aureus merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen yang bisa menyebabkan infeksi. Penggunaan antibiotika untuk penanganan infeksi yang tidak rasional dapat membuat kuman patogen menjadi resistensi, sehingga penggunaan Rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) mungkin dapat sebagai alternatif pengganti antibiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorium dengan desain post-test only control group design menggunakan metode difusi (cakram) yang dilakukan dari Februari 2015 sampai September 2015 di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. Sampel yang digunakan adalah rimpang kunyit yang berasal dari ladang kunyit Puncak Payo, Tanah Garam Solok. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) memiliki daya hambat yang berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri S. aureus dengan berbagai konsentrasi yaitu 10%, 20%, 40%, 80% b/v . Konsentrasi ekstrak yang paling efektif dalam menghambat S. aureus adalah konsentrasi 80% b/v. Penggunaan ekstrak etanol rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica V.) sebagai alternatif pengganti antibiotik terhadap infeksi oleh S. aureus perlu dipertimbangkan.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KETEBALAN LAPISAN DENTIN TERHADAP KEKUATAN FLEKSURAL PADA GIGI TIRUAN CEKAT KERAMIK-LOGAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Sopan Sinamo ◽  
Susi Marlina Silalahi ◽  
Vivie Zahara
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test

GTC keramik-logam adalah gigi tiruan cekat dengan bahan keramik-logam yang secara permanen disemenkan pada gigi geligi, dan sampai saat ini menjadi gold standard di Bidang Prostodontik, akan tetapi sering terjadi permasalahan pada GTC  keramik-logam antara lain fraktur adhesi dan fraktur kohesi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ketebalan lapisan dentin terhadap kekuatan fleksural pada GTC keramik-logam. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental laboratorium secara in vitro, dengan rancangan penelitian post  test only control group design. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah sebanyak 27 sampel yang dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok, dimana masing-masing kelompok terdiri dari lapisan dentin 0,5mm, 0,6mm, dan 0,7mm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai rata-rata kekuatan fleksural pada GTC keramik-logam pada  ketebalan lapisan dentin 0,5 mm  adalah 95,32 MPa, 0,6 mm adalah 101,68 MPa, dan 0,7 mm adalah 104,30 MPa. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tebal lapisan dentin maka dapat menghasilkan kekuatan fleksural yang optimal.

scholarly journals PENGARUH NIKOTIN TERHADAP KADAR MALONILDIALDEHID (MDA) SERUM DAN KEBERHASILAN FERTILISASI IN VITRO PADA RATTUS NOVERGICUS DI FK. UNAIR SURABAYA

EMBRIO ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Sumiati Sumiati
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
One Way Anova

Penelitian ini untuk mempelajari pengaruh nikotin terhadap kadar MDA serum dan keberhasilan fertilisasi in vitro pada Rattus novergicus. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah eksperimental dengan post test only control group design. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 4 kelompok (36 ekor tikus) yang dipilih secara acak dan homogen. Kelompok penelitian terdiri dari kelompok kontrol (K0), kelompok perlakuan yang diberikan injeksi nikotin subkutan selama 7 hari dengan dosis 70 mg/Kg BB (K1), 52,5 mg/kgBB (K2) dan 35 mg/kgBB (K3). Hasil yang diamati adalah adanya badan polar II/sigot 2 sel. Hasil uji one way Anova adalah terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik (p<0,05), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji BNT. Hasil uji BNT kadar MDA serum adalah terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara K0 dan K1, kelompok K0 dan K2, K1 dan K2, serta K1 dan K3. Angka keberhasilan fertilisasi tidak dapat dilakukan uji statistik karena seluruh data menunjukkan 100% berhasil. Dengan demikian tidak dapat dilakukan uji hubungan antara kadar MDA serum dengan angka keberhasilan fertilisasi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah nikotin dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kadar MDA serum tapi belum dapat mempengaruhi fertilisasi sehingga sehingga tidak dapat menghubungkan antara kadar MDA serum dengan angka keberhasilan fertilisasi.

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