Classification of Human Development Index Using K-Means

Human development progress in Central Java. It is characterized by a continued rise in the human development index (HDI) of Central Java. HDI is an important indicator for measuring success in the effort to build the quality of human life. HDI explains how residents can access the development results in obtaining a long and healthy life, knowledge, education, decent standard of living and so on. HDI is affected by four factors, namely life expectancy, expected years of schooling, means years of schooling, and expenditure per capita. Currently the Central bureau of statistics do grouping HDI, using calculation formula then known how the value HDI each regency or city in Central Java. In this research we classified the regency or city in Central Java based on the HDI be high, middle, and under estimate area. We used cluster analysis. Cluster analysis is a multivariate technique which has the main purpose to classify objects based on their characteristics. Cluster analysis classifies the object, so that each object that has similar characteristics to be clumped into a single cluster (group). One of the cluster analysis method is k-means. The result of this research, there are three groups, high estimate area, middle estimate area, and under estimate area. The first group or the under estimate area contained 12 regencies, namely Cilacap, Purbalingga, Purworejo, Wonosobo, Grobogan, Blora, Rembang, Pati, Jepara, Demak, Pekalongan, and Brebes. The second group or the middle estimate area contained 8 regencies, namely Banjarnegara, Kebumen, Magelang, Temanggung, Wonogiri, Batang, Pemalang, and Tegal. The third group or the high estimate area contained 11 regencies, namely Banyumas, Kudus, Boyolali, Klaten, Sukoharjo, Karanganyar, Sragen, Semarang, Kendal, Surakarta, and Salatiga.Keywords : cluster analysis, k-means, the human development index.

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Classification of the Human Development Index in Indonesia Using the Bootstrap Aggregating Method

SinkrOn ◽

10.33395/sinkron.v6i1.11173 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 100-106

Author(s):

Noor Ell Goldameir ◽

Anne Mudya Yolanda ◽

Arisman Adnan ◽

Lusi Febrianti

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Human Life ◽

Classification Performance ◽

Development Index ◽

Life Expectancy At Birth ◽

Bootstrap Aggregating ◽

Bagging Method ◽

Years Of Schooling

Successful development of the quality of human life in a region is determined by the Human Development Index (HDI). Human development performance based on the HDI can be measured: long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. The HDI is usually grouped into several categories to facilitate the classification of the HDI level of each region. This study aimed to determine the ability of the bootstrap aggregating (bagging) method to classify the HDI by district/city. Bagging is a stochastic machine learning approach that can eliminate the variance of the classifier by producing a bootstrap ensemble to obtain better accuracy results. The dependent variable in this study was the HDI by district/city in 2020. In contrast, life expectancy at birth, expected years of schooling, mean years of schooling, and real expenditure per capita are adjusted as independent variables. Bagging was applied to the high and low categories of HDI data. The bagging method demonstrated good classification performance due to only eight classification errors, namely the HDI data which should be in the high category but classified into the low category by the bagging method. Based on the results of calculations with 25 replications, it can be concluded that the bagging method has a very good performance, with an accuracy value of 92.3%, the sensitivity of 100%, and specificity of 83.33%. The bagging method is considered very good for the classifying the HDI by district/city in Indonesia in 2020 because it has a balanced accuracy of 91.67%.

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PENERAPAN METODE DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING UNTUK PERAMALAN TINGKAT INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA BERBASIS SISTEM INFORMASI GOEGRAFIS DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIKomSiN) ◽

10.30646/tikomsin.v7i2.437 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Roni Yoga Irawan ◽

Wawan Laksito Yuly Saptomo ◽

Setiyowati Setiyowati

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Health Indicators ◽

Education Level ◽

Development Index ◽

Central Java ◽

Double Exponential ◽

Basic Goal ◽

Double Exponential Smoothing

The basic goal in quality human development is to overcome problems in society are poverty, unemployment, illiteracy, food security and democracy enforcement. But in its achievements there are several aspects of development that failed. To measure the success of a region's performance in the field of human development can be done by calculating the Human Development Index. The Human Development Index is an index that includes three indicators, which are health indicators, education level, and economic indicators. The Province of Central Java is divided into 29 districts and 6 cities, so it has a varied picture of development. Provinsi Jawa Tengah belum memiliki media informasi peramalan yang berbasis peta untuk indeks pembangunan manusia. Dari permasalahan tersebut diperlukan metode untuk meramalkan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia yang berbasis sistem informasi geografis.Data indikator penyusun Indeks Pembangunan Manusia yang mengalami kenaikan pada periode-periode tertentu, dari pola data indikator penyusun Indeks Pembangunan Manusia merupakan pola data yang memiliki unsur trend. Maka pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode double exponential smoothing.The application forecasting the Human Development Index indicator is created using the PHP programming language and the MySQL Server database. Application of Human Development Index forecasting produces forecasting calculations with the value α = 0.9 produces forecasting the following year: 69.3612 with the smallest MSE error: 0.1578 and MAPE value: 0.4894. This study produces accurate forecasting because of low error values.

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A MODIFIED HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX, DEMOCRACY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDONESIA

Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews ◽

10.18510/hssr.2020.8282 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 732-743

Author(s):

Erly Leiwakabessy ◽

Amaluddin Amaluddin

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Composite Index ◽

Private Investment ◽

Simultaneous Equation ◽

Equation Model ◽

Development Economic ◽

Development Index ◽

Central Java

Purpose of the study: Firstly, to construct a modified human development index by incorporating new dimensions (democracy and employment). Secondly, to measure and compare human development progress in Indonesian provinces. Thirdly, to examine the nexus between human development, economic growth, and democracy during the period 2010-2017. Methodology: Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method is employed to combining components into one index (composite index) which we call MHDI. The panel simultaneous equation model is applied to examine the nexus between human development, economic growth, and democracy. Main Findings: There were significant ranking differences between MHDI and HDI-UNDP in 24 provinces of 33 Indonesian provinces. The most significant ranking differences were found in several provinces, especially Maluku, West Java, Central Java, East Java, and Central Kalimantan. The study found a strong two-way relationship between human development and economic growth as well as between human development and democracy. Applications of this study: This study recommends that human development policies supported by rapid economic growth and democratic stability should be one of the development priorities through government spending and support from private investment (the private sector) which focuses on the development of education and health infrastructure throughout the Indonesian province. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study employs different methods for constructing a human development index by incorporating a new dimension (democracy and employment).

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ANALISIS PENGARUH ANGKA HARAPAN LAMA SEKOLAH, RATA-RATA LAMA SEKOLAH, DAN PENGELUARAN PER KAPITA TERHADAP INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA DI PROVINSI JAWA TENGAH

PRISMATIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Riset Matematika ◽

10.33503/prismatika.v3i2.1180 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 126-140

Author(s):

A. Jauhar Mahya

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Local Governments ◽

Average Length ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Development Index ◽

Capita Expenditure ◽

Central Java ◽

Per Capita

The Human Development Index (HDI) is one of the data and information used by local governments to measure the achievement of human development. HDI is formed by three basic dimensions, namely a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. This study explain whether there is an influence and to obtain the magnitude of the influence of the expected number of years of schooling, the average length of schooling, and the per capita expenditure together on the Human Development Index in Central Java Province. This study was completed using multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS 1.6 (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software. The results of this study indicate that the expected length of schooling, average length of schooling, and per capita expenditure have a significant effect on the human development index, which is 97.8% and only 2.2% is influenced by other factors.

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Impacts of Government and Household Expenditure on Human Development Index

JEJAK ◽

10.15294/jejak.v10i2.11305 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 412-428

Author(s):

Niken Sulistyowati ◽

Bonar Marulitua Sinaga ◽

Novindra Novindra

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Model Simulation ◽

Government Expenditure ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Structural Equations ◽

Simultaneous Equations ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Development Index ◽

Central Java

The objective of this reseach are to: (1) analyze the factors affecting human development index and household expenditures for health, education and others, (2) predict the impacts of government expenditure policy in the field of education, health, and infrastructure on human development index in Central Java. The model was built using econometric approach in the form of a system of simultaneous equations, including five blocks i.e. government's revenue, expenditures, input, output, and performance. The system of simultaneous equations consisted of 26 equations (19 structural equations and 7 identity equations). The estimation method used Two Stage Least Squares with SYSLIN procedure. Prediction simulation used the stepwise Autoregressive method. The model simulation used Newton's method and SIMNLIN procedure. The results of policy simulation concludes that the combination of the increase in government expenditure for education and infrastructure lead to better performance in increasing income per capita, disposable income and HDI compared to the combination of the policy of the increase in government expenditure for education and in both municipalities and district, but municipalities receive greatest impact compared to the district.

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Metode Analisis Diskriminan dalam Pengelompokan Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan Berdasarkan Indikator Indeks Pembangunan Manusia

VARIANSI: Journal of Statistics and Its application on Teaching and Research ◽

10.35580/variansiunm14978 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Novi Afryanthi S. ◽

Muhammad Arif Tiro ◽

Ansari Saleh Ahmar

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Statistical Analysis ◽

Discriminant Analysis ◽

Life Expectancy ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Statistic Analysis ◽

Development Index ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Life Expectancy Increase

Abstract. Discriminant analysis is a method in multivariat statistic analysis that related with object which have separated into the defined group defined and see the accuracy of the formed group. In this research, clustera analysis is used for the first grouping, cluster analysis is a statistical analysis which aims to classify some objects based on the characteristics similarity among the object. Data for this study is HDI (Human Development Index) of indicator in south sulawesi in 2016. The result of this research are 1st cluster (lower HDI indicator) which have 21 city/ distric and the 2nd cluster (higher HDI indicator) which have 3 city/distric as the closeness value between the cluster that formed is 0.902 which shows the closeness between the cluster is high . Furthermore, the discriminant function that have formed explains that if the life expectancy increase, the HDI indicator in city/distric in south sulawesi province will decrease but if school expectation duration in school , average of duration in school, and parity of pur hasing power is increasing, the HDI indicator in city/distric in aouth sulawesi will also increase.Keywords: Cluster analysis, Discriminant analysis , Human development index indicator.

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Analisis Pengaruh Sanitasi dan Akses Air Bersih Terhadap Indeks Pembangunan Manusia di Jawa Tengah

Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi ◽

10.33087/jiubj.v21i1.1210 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 56

Author(s):

Fita Purwaningsih ◽

Suharno Suharno ◽

Abdul Aziz Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Poor People ◽

Water Access ◽

Development Index ◽

Central Java ◽

Access To Water ◽

The Government ◽

Central Java Province

Human Development Index (HDI) of Central Java Province in 2015-2018 is the lowest compared to other provinces in Java Island. This study aims to analyze the effect of sanitation, water access, poverty, population, and economic growth on Human Development Index in Central Java Province at 2015-2018. The method used in this research is multiple linear regression with a panel data approach. The results show that sanitation, population, and economic growth have a positive and significant effect on the Human Development Index in Central Java Province. Poverty ha\ve a negative and significant effect on the Human Development Index in Central Java Province. Meanwhile, access to water has no effect on the Human Development Index in Central Java Province. This finding implies the need for equitable sanitation development for the population in Central Java Province. In addition, the government needs to increase economic growth and reduce the number of poor people.

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Human Development Index (HDI) in Lampung Province Period 2013-2018

SRIWIJAYA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ◽

10.29259/sijdeb.v4i2.119-128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 119

Author(s):

Ambya Ambya

Keyword(s):

Human Development ◽

Government Spending ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Capital Expenditure ◽

Human Life ◽

Health Sector ◽

Life Quality ◽

Development Index ◽

The Government

Human development index (HDI) is one of the benchmarks used to see the quality of human life as measured by looking at the level of human life quality of education, health and economy. This study aims to determine the effect of government spending from the education, health and capital expenditure sectors as well as income on the human development index. The data used is a secondary data in 7 districts in Lampung Province period of 2013-2018 which was obtained from the Directorate General of Fiscal Balance (DGFB Ministry of Finance) and the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) in Lampung province. The results of the analysis show that the government spending in the education sector and capital expenditure have a positive and significant effect on the human development index while the health sector spending as well as income have a negative and significant effect on the human development index.

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Analysis of the Relationship between Human Development Index and Regional Development of West Sulawesi Province

International Journal Papier Public Review ◽

10.47667/ijppr.v2i4.113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 31-38

Author(s):

Muhammad Haekal Ansyar ◽

Rusnadi Padjung ◽

Muslim Salam

Keyword(s):

Life Expectancy ◽

Regional Development ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Power Index ◽

Regional Inequality ◽

Purchasing Power ◽

Development Index ◽

The Relationship ◽

Years Of Schooling

This study aims to analyze the relationship between the human development index and the regional development of West Sulawesi Province. This study uses panel data analysis that combines time series-cross section data and uses the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) method. The type of data in this study is secondary data taken from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of West Sulawesi. The variables of the human development index are life expectancy, average length of schooling, expected length of schooling and purchasing power index. While the variables of regional development are poverty, unemployment, regional inequality and GRDP. The results of the analysis using the 2SLS method. In the HDI equation, the PW variable partially has a negative but not significant effect on the HDI for =5%. However, if for =20% PW has a negative and significant effect on HDI. While in the PW equation, the HDI variable partially has a negative but not significant effect on PW for = 5%. The R2 in the HDI equation is 97.5% and the remaining 2.5% which shows that the influence of PW, Life Expectancy, Average Years of Schooling, Expected Years of Schooling, and Purchasing Power Index together have an effect on HDI. While in the PW equation, the determination of R2 is 99.2% and the remaining 0.8% which shows HDI, Poverty Level, Unemployment Rate, Regional Inequality and Gross Regional Domestic Product together affect PW. So, there is a simultaneous relationship between the Human Development Index and Regional Development

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Model for Empowering Farmers at Dry Land through Quadruple Helix Approach

Journal of Arts and Humanities ◽

10.18533/journal.v6i4.1131 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 01 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Etty Soesilowati

Keyword(s):

Civil Society ◽

Human Development ◽

Human Development Index ◽

Local Governments ◽

Triple Helix ◽

Research Area ◽

Quadruple Helix ◽

Dry Land ◽

Development Index ◽

Central Java

There are many potentials in the sector of silvoagriculture, silvopastura and silvoagrofishery at Kandri and Cepoko district as “green belt” areas of Semarang. Unfortunately, these potentials do not give a significant impact on society yet. This is due to the lack of farmer’s institution system, limited human resource, and infrastructure. The Triple Helix approach involving academician, businessman, and government is found to be less optimal. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of the model used for empowering the farmers at dry land area through the Quadruple Helix approach as the development of Triple Helix one involving academician, businessman, civil society, and government. The locus of the research area is Kandri and Cepoko district at Gunungpati subdistrict in Semarang City of Central Java Province, Indonesia. This research employed qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative approach, the data are analyzed using an interactive model. While the quantitative approach, Human Development Index (HDI) analysis is employed. The results find that farmers' empowerment program is conducted through the Quadruple Helix approach by involving academicians, businessmen, local governments and civil society groups at the villages. Then, the HDI calculation results show that the index of human development in Kandri has decreased 0.09444. Before the program, it was amounted from 0.82367 to 0.72923. Whereas, the human development index of farmers in Cepoko before the program has increased from 0.83142 to 0.84085. Its increase reaches 0.09425. This indicates that the farmer group at Cepoko district is more resistant to national economic issues such as the weak exchange rate than the farmers in Kandri disctrict. Therefore, this study makes recommendation that farmers should organize integrated farming by establishing integrated economic region so that they can make use of existing resources efficiently and effectively.

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