The Impact of Airbnb on Long-Term Rental Housing: The Case of Ljubljana

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-158
Author(s):  
Polona Obrč ◽  
◽  
Boštjan Kerbler ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rental Housing ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Residential Characteristics ◽  
Direct Competition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Overnight Stays

Airbnb has become a fixture in the development of global cities. It especially impacts cities’ residential characteristics. The company works with the concept of the sharing economy, the essence of which is the exchange of services or goods between individuals who set the rules of operation without generating profits, but together generate more revenue. It insists that it does not represent a form of direct competition with other urban accommodation services and that it merely seeks to expand the tourism market. Nonetheless, this article proceeds from the assumption that Airbnb is influencing and transforming the housing market of the cities it operates in. It focuses on Ljubljana, which until 2019 had a record number of international arrivals and overnight stays. The findings confirm that short-term Airbnb rentals have affected the long-term rental market in Ljubljana. They also show that a very large share of rentals through Airbnb take place in the grey economy. However, the analysis of cases from selected European cities showed that, in addition to the drawbacks described, Airbnb also has positive effects on the development of cities. It is therefore necessary to accept and adapt appropriately to this global phenomenon through specific measures, such as those proposed in the conclusion for Ljubljana.

scholarly journals Paleolithic Diet—Effect on the Health Status and Performance of Athletes?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1019
Author(s):  
Barbara Frączek ◽  
Aleksandra Pięta ◽  
Adrian Burda ◽  
Paulina Mazur-Kurach ◽  
Florentyna Tyrała
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Paleolithic Diet ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this meta-analysis was to review the impact of a Paleolithic diet (PD) on selected health indicators (body composition, lipid profile, blood pressure, and carbohydrate metabolism) in the short and long term of nutrition intervention in healthy and unhealthy adults. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials of 21 full-text original human studies was conducted. Both the PD and a variety of healthy diets (control diets (CDs)) caused reduction in anthropometric parameters, both in the short and long term. For many indicators, such as weight (body mass (BM)), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), impact was stronger and especially found in the short term. All diets caused a decrease in total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG), albeit the impact of PD was stronger. Among long-term studies, only PD cased a decline in TC and LDL-C. Impact on blood pressure was observed mainly in the short term. PD caused a decrease in fasting plasma (fP) glucose, fP insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the short run, contrary to CD. In the long term, only PD caused a decrease in fP glucose and fP insulin. Lower positive impact of PD on performance was observed in the group without exercise. Positive effects of the PD on health and the lack of experiments among professional athletes require longer-term interventions to determine the effect of the Paleo diet on athletic performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Self-Talk Training on Competitive Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, Volitional Skills, and Performance: An Intervention Study with Junior Sub-Elite Athletes

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja Walter ◽  
Lucie Nikoleizig ◽  
Dorothee Alfermann
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Competitive Anxiety ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Self Talk ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Self-talk (ST) is used to influence athletes’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Samples of squad and competitive athletes are underrepresented, although research has proven the positive effects of ST in the context of sports. Thus, the present study focused on the impact of ST on psychological and performance outcomes of junior sub-elite athletes. (2) Methods: N = 117 athletes (55 females, 62 males; M = 16.0 years) were randomly assigned to either one of two experimental groups or to a control group (n = 30). The experimental groups received an ST intervention for either one week (n = 36) or eight weeks (n = 38), and the control group received no ST training. The dependent variables (competitive anxiety, volitional skills, self-efficacy, and coaches’ performance ratings) were assessed three times before and after the intervention. It was expected that (a) an ST intervention would reduce the competitive anxiety and increase volitional skills, self-efficacy, and performance; and, (b) long-term training would lead to higher effects than short-term training. (3) Results: As expected, ST training led to (less) somatic state anxiety and (higher) state self-confidence, self-optimization, self-efficacy, and performance. Additionally, long-term training was more effective than short-term training. (4) Conclusions: Targeted ST interventions may help to improve junior athletes’ psychological states and performance.

scholarly journals The impact of digital technology use on adolescent well-being

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-142
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
The Impact

This review provides an overview of the literature regarding digital technology use and adolescent well-being. Overall, findings imply that the general effects are on the negative end of the spectrum but very small. Effects differ depending on the type of use: whereas procrastination and passive use are related to more negative effects, social and active use are related to more positive effects. Digital technology use has stronger effects on short-term markers of hedonic well-being (eg, negative affect) than long-term measures of eudaimonic well-being (eg, life satisfaction). Although adolescents are more vulnerable, effects are comparable for both adolescents and adults. It appears that both low and excessive use are related to decreased well-being, whereas moderate use is related to increased well-being. The current research still has many limitations: High-quality studies with large-scale samples, objective measures of digital technology use, and experience sampling of well-being are missing.

The impact of Airbnb on housing affordability: Evidence from Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
pp. 239980832110431
Author(s):  
Cong Liang ◽  
Matthew Chi Hei Yeung ◽  
Alan Kai Ming Au
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Econometric Methods ◽  
Income Ratio ◽  
The Impact

Recent years have witnessed the rapid expansion of the home-sharing business. The home-sharing services provided by Airbnb not only allow the homeowner to earn extra income by renting out part of the property to the potential renters but also provides the renters an authentic travel experience by living with residents. The emerging business model of Airbnb may bring about some uncertainties to rental housing markets. This study aims to explore an important issue – whether the home-sharing services provided by Airbnb would exacerbate the problem of housing affordability in Hong Kong. By examining the data from multiple sources such as the website of Airbnb and Census statistics from the Hong Kong Government, and housing rental transactions from property agents’ website via several econometric methods, we found that (1) the arrival of Airbnb would drive up housing rent rate around 3.6–4%; (2) The Airbnb activities would increase the rent-to-income ratio by 4%–4.7% in Hong Kong; (3) short-term home-sharing provided by Airbnb under current circumstance would lead to housing unaffordability in Hong Kong. It is suggested that regulations/guidelines on home-sharing should set a quota or limit the number of offering from long-term rentals to short-term rentals.

The Impact of Paternity Leave Compared to Unemployment on Child Care and Housework Distribution in Spain

2021 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2110544
Author(s):  
Gerardo Meil ◽  
Jesús Rogero-García ◽  
Pedro Romero-Balsas ◽  
Vicente Díaz-Gandasegui
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fertility Survey ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Family Obligations ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Paternity Leave ◽  
Foster Father ◽  
The Impact

Paternity leave has been introduced in many countries as a way to foster father´s co-responsibility in family obligations. This study aims \to analyse, for the Spanish case, if (1) the positive effects of the paternity leave are not only limited to the short term, but are maintained at medium and long term; (2) if a similar effect applies in the case of unemployment periods. Based on a subsample of 3388 cases derived from the Spanish Fertility Survey 2018, we perform OLS regression analysis of father´s involvement in childcare and housework. Our analysis shows that longer leaves are related to a greater involvement in care and housework activities, although only in the former, the effect is maintained in the long term. Regarding unemployed fathers, these individuals show more involvement in childcare during the first year, but the effect vanishes later and there is no significant relationship with housework.

scholarly journals The airification of cities. Making sense of the impact of peer to peer short term letting on urban functions and economy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Picascia ◽  
Antonello Romano ◽  
Michela Teobaldi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Economic Advantage ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

An in-depth look into the mechanics of short term rentals in Italy. The study is based on a vast dataset comprising of all the properties listed on the Airbnb website in 10 major cities in the years 2015, 2016 and 2017. We discuss the spatial patterns of Airbnb supply and demand within and between cities, we then hypothesize on the possible drivers of the Airbnb offer and suggest a possible way to assess whether Airbnb supply could be driven by an economic advantage of short-term over long term letting. We also discuss the way the benefits of this particular incarnation of the sharing economy are shared among participants. Finally, we conclude by presenting a possible alternative way of regulating Airbnb.

The well-being impacts of tourism: Long-term and short-term effects of tourism development on residents’ happiness

2021 ◽  
pp. 135481662110412
Author(s):  
Maksim Godovykh ◽  
Jorge Ridderstaat ◽  
Alan Fyall
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tourism Arrivals

Well-being is considered one of the highest values in human life. Although previous studies have discussed the tourists’ well-being outcomes, the impact of tourism on residents’ happiness has received less empirical attention in tourism research. This study aims to explore the effects of tourism development on residents’ happiness in a group of countries by using panel data analysis. The results demonstrate that tourism arrivals negatively influence residents’ happiness in the short term and have positive effects on residents’ happiness in the long term. These findings contribute to describing the well-being impacts of tourism, differentiating between long- and short-term outcomes, and providing recommendations for destination management and tourism authorities.

scholarly journals Productive Housing: Spatial Structuring and Social Division in Urban Centers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Esguevillas ◽  
◽  
Luz Carruthers ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Social Division ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Welfare State

This paper examines the way in which Airbnb dynamics are changing spatial and social conditions in urban centers. A comparative study of the situation in three important global metropolis—New York, London and Barcelona—provides an approach to analyzing how policymakers struggle to control the accelerated expansion of the short-term rental housing platform, under the scrutiny of the public. It aims to foster a broader understanding of the impact of the sharing economy in the realm of housing, in a context of economic globalization and decline of the welfare state, where advances in technology meet with sociological and generational shifts in behavior.

scholarly journals SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM IMPACTS OF ECO-DRIVING ON DYNAMICS OF DRIVING BEHAVIOUR AND OPERATING PARAMETERS

Transport ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Tatjana Savković ◽  
Milica Miličić ◽  
Ilija Tanackov ◽  
Pavle Pitka ◽  
Dejan Koleška
Keyword(s):  
Initial Period ◽  
External Parameter ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Driving Conditions ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

This paper shows the impact of eco-driving training course on driving behaviour of 7 drivers, analysing two internal parameters: Scania Driver Support (SDS) parameter and Fuel Consumption (FC). Data were collected using Scania Fleet Management System (Scania FMS) over a period of one-year (1 + 2 + 4 + 6 months during the 2015 and 2016). Data for these two parameters of all drivers were recorded daily over a one-year period and calculated in average values on a monthly basis. A one-year cycle of average monthly ambient temperatures of wider geographical region was adopted as the most important external parameter of impact on eco-driving benefits. Longitudinal observation period is divided into: one month initial period of establishing the parameter values before the training (one month), short-term with eco-driving (two months), short-term without eco-driving (four months) and long-term (six months). Significantly higher values of SDS parameter (p < 0.05) and significant reduction of FC (p = 0.0310 < 0.05) were established with a higher average ambient temperature over a short-term period. A partial increase of SDS parameter value (p < 0.10) was established over a long-term period but the level of FC reversed to the values as before the training (p = 0.7554 > 0.05). The results indicate the potential of eco-driving training that manifests significantly positive effects only in good driving conditions. With bad weather conditions that correlate with bad driving conditions, the effects of eco-driving training are supressed with increased requirements for safer driving. Primary conclusion of the paper is that the eco-driving training principles have an apparent positive effect on reduction of FC and CO2 emission but are at the same time sensitive to environmental driving conditions.

scholarly journals Urban Zoning for Sustainable Tourism: A Continuum of Accommodation to Enhance City Resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7317
Author(s):  
Chung-Yim Yiu ◽  
Ka-Shing Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Gear Up ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exclusionary Zoning ◽  
Current Disruption ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Options Value

While governments around the world are embarking on the path to recovery from the COVID-19 crisis, sustainable tourism planning is crucial, in particular in the hospitality sector, which enhances the resilience of destinations. However, many destination management models overlook the role of urban zoning. Little is known about the impacts of land-use zoning on the hospitality and property industries, especially with the current disruption of short-term peer-to-peer accommodation like Airbnb. Euclidean zoning, also known as effects-based planning, has long been criticised in destination management for its exclusionary nature and lack of flexibility. With exclusionary zoning, property owners may only be able to use their land sub-optimally, and cities will be less efficient in responding to market changes in short-term and long-term accommodation demands, but planning intentions can be better controlled, and the property supply can be more stable. Taking Hong Kong as a noteworthy case, this study puts forward a conceptual framework that enables comparison of a novel zoning approach with the traditional zoning approach. This novel zoning approach encompasses both the short- and long-term rental sectors as a continuum of accommodation, ranging from hotels and serviced apartments to Airbnb and rental housing units under a unified regulatory and planning regime to enhance the switching options value. This novel zoning system can gear up the tourism sector with the rapid growth of the sharing economy and aligns with sustainable tourism to ensure long-term socioeconomic benefits to related stakeholders. We extract the data of Airbnb listings to construct the first Airbnb ADR Index (ADRI) by Repeat-sales method, and the results support our Switching Option Hypothesis.

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