Youth, Work and the Post-Fordist Self

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Farrugia
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Educational Capital ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Research

Youth, Work and the Post-Fordist Self represents a paradigm shift in contemporary understandings of youth and work: from the study of youth transitions to the formation of young people as workers. With this focus, the book addresses transformations in the status of young people as economic actors. Despite high levels of youth unemployment, young people are increasingly encouraged to view work as a realm of meaning and self-actualisation, and are required to invest more and more in their identities as workers. In this, young people are evocative of broader shifts in labour force formation processes, which now go beyond the possession of skills or educational capital to encompass aspects of the working self that were previously considered ‘unproductive’, such as a worker’s relational style and mode of self-expression. The book draws on a large qualitative data-set in which young people articulate the meaning of work in their own words, describe their experiences of employment, and articulate their plans and aspirations for the role that work will play in their own lives. More than a set of employment conditions to move through, this book explores work as a realm in which young people’s selves and identities are produced in line with post-Fordist social and economic changes, which make work into an increasingly all-encompassing arena for the production of youth itself. In this sense, the book represents a new research agenda in studies of youth and work, situating youth as critical to the dynamics of labour and value in contemporary capitalism.

Youth unemployment: Implications for social work practice

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 560-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqiang Liang ◽  
Guat Tin Ng ◽  
Ming-sum Tsui ◽  
Miu Chung Yan ◽  
Ching Man Lam
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Young People ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Employment Conditions ◽  
Social Work Programs

Summary This article discusses a missing but emergent role of social work with unemployed young people. The authors highlight the transitional and structural factors of youth unemployment. Using a social work lens, the “Youth Employment Network” (YEN) is discussed and the International Labour Organization’s “4Es” (employability, equal opportunity, employment creation, entrepreneurship) framework is elaborated. This article adds a fifth “E” (Ecological connection) and proposes a “5Es” model for social workers to support unemployed young people to overcome transitional and structure barriers for employment. Findings Limited social work programs, studies, or evaluations are targeted for unemployed young people despite historical concern with employment conditions of workers and suggest the instrumental role in research, policy and practice concerning the unemployed young people. Applications Recommendations are provided in terms of how to implement the 5Es in policy, education, training, and direct practice of social work in youth employment.

scholarly journals Een verloren generatie van jongeren op de arbeidsmarkt?

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten H.J. Wolbers
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
High Unemployment ◽  
Labour Market Entry

A lost generation of youth in the labour market? A lost generation of youth in the labour market? After the economic crisis of the 1980s concerns have been raised whether the high youth unemployment during that period produced a ‘lost generation’ of young people. The same question has been asked recently after the emergence of the currently high youth unemployment. But how justified is this issue? In order to find this out, it is investigated in this article to what extent recent cohorts of young people are (permanently) disadvantaged by high unemployment levels at labour market entry. To address this question, repeated cross-sections from the Labour Force Survey (1993-2011) were used and pseudo-panel analysis was applied in order to ‘follow’ labour market entry cohorts during the early career. The results show that labour market entry in times of high unemployment has negative effects on later employment opportunities and occupational status attainment. However, these negative effects disappear after a few years in the labour market. These findings imply that the negative effects of high unemployment at labour market entry are not permanent, but diminish during the early career. All in all, young people experience negative effects of labour market entry in times of high unemployment, but these effects do not produce a lost generation.

Conclusion: Young People in the Work Society

2021 ◽  
pp. 123-140
Author(s):  
David Farrugia
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Youth Identity ◽  
Symbolic Value ◽  
A Site ◽  
Work Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Ideal

This chapter summarises the empirical findings of the book and explores the theoretical consequences for studies of youth, work and social inequality. The key argument is that the relationship between youth and work has been transformed by post-Fordism, and that young people have been re-positioned as the ideal post-Fordist subjects through their engagement with the contemporary labour force. In this sense, work has become a site for the production of youth as such – not merely an employment market that young people must ‘transition’ into, but a set of biopolitical practices that constitute the basic conditions for youth identity. In the process, young people’s definitions of themselves have become intertwined with their capacity to produce value at work. Class does not manifest merely in the biographical inequalities that structure youth transitions, or in struggles for status and symbolic value. Instead, class inequalities are manifested in the practices, ethics and forms of selfhood that are mobilised when young people cultivate themselves as subjects of value to the labour force. The book therefore offers a paradigm for understanding the formation of young people as workers, and the production of unique forms of classed identity manifested in the post-Fordist work ethic.

scholarly journals Going across Europe for an apprenticeship? A factorial survey experiment on employers’ hiring preferences in Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Protsch ◽  
Heike Solga
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
School To Work ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Apprenticeship Training ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Shift

Owing to the recent recession, the German apprenticeship model is once again praised for smoothing out school-to-work transitions. In line with the social policy shift of favouring education as a key means to combat youth unemployment, European Union (EU) recommendations and German national policies encourage young Southern and Eastern EU citizens to apply for apprenticeship training abroad. Yet, young people wanting to go abroad are not only mobile young people but also immigrants. Given the prevalence of ethnic disparities in the German apprenticeship system, the question arises whether employers would be willing to hire these newcomers. Using a factorial survey experiment, we investigate how employers rate applications from Spanish newcomers compared to those from young immigrant descendants of Spanish origin. The results indicate that newcomers are substantially less preferred than immigrant descendants born in Germany. Employers’ expectations about newcomers’ language skills and employers’ interest in training for their own skilled labour force are key barriers to policies promoting apprenticeships abroad.

scholarly journals YOUNG PEOPLE UP TO 24 YEARS ON THE LABOUR MARKET IN A SMALL SLOVAK TOWN

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Daniel Markovič ◽  
Viktor Tomlák ◽  
Soňa Šrobárová ◽  
Zuzana Gejdošová
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Social Pedagogy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Age Limit ◽  
Social Pedagogues

Social pedagogy offers a wide multidisciplinary range to prevent and tackle youth unemployment. In this paper, we want to broaden the knowledge for social pedagogues in the areas of young people in the labour market and youth unemployment. The aim of the research is to identify the experience of respondents in the labour market in the district of Ruzomberok. It is a district in Slovakia far from the capital and regional centres. Most of the district´s inhabitants live in villages, fewer inhabitants in a town of Ružomberok. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 100 respondents. There are 50 young people up to 24 years old, who are currently active in the labour market. Furthermore, there are persons unemployed, registered at the Office of Labour, Social Affairs and Family in Ružomberok, with an age limit of up to 24 years, representing the same number of 50 respondents. We explored the social context; we set two hypotheses: There is a statistically significant difference in the status of the labour market with respect to the respondents' residence. There is a statistically significant difference in the status of the labour market relative to the gender of respondents. To verify the hypotheses, we used the Chi-Square-2 variable test. The hypotheses were not confirmed. 

Youth unemployment in Northern Ireland

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373
Author(s):  
David Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Young People ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Compulsory Education ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Low Achievers ◽  
The Status ◽  
One Year

Summary Nearly one tenth (8 per cent) of each cohort of school leavers in Northern Ireland experience long spells of unemployment and inactivity (“Status 0”) between the ages of 16 and 18. This is important because many such young people are likely to end up unemployed and long-term unemployed in later life. In Northern Ireland around 15 per cent of the male workforce is unemployed, and around one half of these have been out of work for more than one year. This paper outlines the nature of the Status 0 experience amongst 16 and 17 year olds in Northern Ireland, and discusses three main aspects of policy which might guide the overall policy response in Northern Ireland and elsewhere. Firstly, resources should be targeted carefully towards the most “at risk” young people, especially during the early stages of their progression through compulsory education. Secondly, relevant professionals should ensure that the most marginalised young people are not allowed to fall through the nets of mainstream provision and, in particular, every effort should be made to help young people avoid entering Status 0 immediately after leaving school. Thirdly, consideration should be given to the financial incentives faced by training providers in terms of recruiting low achievers who are at most risk of entering Status 0. There is some evidence to suggest that many of the existing incentives in Northern Ireland are inadequate and, in some cases, may exacerbate many of the problems faced by marginalised young people.

scholarly journals Causes of Youth Unemployment in Pakistan

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (4II) ◽  
pp. 611-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqqas Qayyum
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Labour Force Survey ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
The World ◽  
Developed Nations

Over the years, many less developed nations and the developing nations have tried to wipe-out the intensity of unemployment, which seems quite prevalent and widespread among these countries. The reasons and causes for this have remained subject to different interpretations depending upon the specifications, demographics, and regional profiles of different countries, thus the perceptions regarding having a plausible solution lacks concurrency. Not surprisingly among these unemployed a vast majority and victims belongs to young age group. According to ILO, there are 160 million unemployed people in the world and 40 percent of those out of work are young people (World youth report 2003). Pakistan is no exception to this, not only unemployment rates have been beyond reasonable limits but also a vast majority who fall prey to this belongs to youth category (Labour Force Survey 2003-04, 2005-06).

Age at Exposure to Parental Suicide and the Subsequent Risk of Suicide in Young People

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuan-Ying Lee ◽  
Chung-Yi Li ◽  
Kun-Chia Chang ◽  
Tsung-Hsueh Lu ◽  
Ying-Yeh Chen
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Parental Suicide ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Age At Exposure

Abstract. Background: We investigated the age at exposure to parental suicide and the risk of subsequent suicide completion in young people. The impact of parental and offspring sex was also examined. Method: Using a cohort study design, we linked Taiwan's Birth Registry (1978–1997) with Taiwan's Death Registry (1985–2009) and identified 40,249 children who had experienced maternal suicide (n = 14,431), paternal suicide (n = 26,887), or the suicide of both parents (n = 281). Each exposed child was matched to 10 children of the same sex and birth year whose parents were still alive. This yielded a total of 398,081 children for our non-exposed cohort. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the suicide risk of the exposed and non-exposed groups. Results: Compared with the non-exposed group, offspring who were exposed to parental suicide were 3.91 times (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.10–4.92 more likely to die by suicide after adjusting for baseline characteristics. The risk of suicide seemed to be lower in older male offspring (HR = 3.94, 95% CI = 2.57–6.06), but higher in older female offspring (HR = 5.30, 95% CI = 3.05–9.22). Stratified analyses based on parental sex revealed similar patterns as the combined analysis. Limitations: As only register-­based data were used, we were not able to explore the impact of variables not contained in the data set, such as the role of mental illness. Conclusion: Our findings suggest a prominent elevation in the risk of suicide among offspring who lost their parents to suicide. The risk elevation differed according to the sex of the afflicted offspring as well as to their age at exposure.

Restructuring Educational Systems and Promoting Social Justice for Young People Involved in Drug Trafficking in Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 227 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Sandro Gomes Pessoa ◽  
Linda Liebenberg ◽  
Dorothy Bottrell ◽  
Silvia Helena Koller
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Young People ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Development Goals

Abstract. Economic changes in the context of globalization have left adolescents from Latin American contexts with few opportunities to make satisfactory transitions into adulthood. Recent studies indicate that there is a protracted period between the end of schooling and entering into formal working activities. While in this “limbo,” illicit activities, such as drug trafficking may emerge as an alternative for young people to ensure their social participation. This article aims to deepen the understanding of Brazilian youth’s involvement in drug trafficking and its intersection with their schooling, work, and aspirations, connecting with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4 and 16 as proposed in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by the United Nations in 2015 .

THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL IMPLICATIONS OF SKHOTHANE ON YOUTH’S (UNDER)DEVELOPMENT AT EKURHULENI’S TO WNSHIP(S) OF SOUTH AFRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Ndwakhulu Tshishonga
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Youth Culture ◽  
Youth Unemployment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Culture Of Poverty ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Ultimate Purpose

This article examines the socio-economic implications that the controversial sub-culture of skhothane has on the development or underdevelopment of youth at Ekurhuleni and surrounding townships. It interrogates skhothane within the post-modern expressive youth culture. In the township(s) of Ekurhuleni, skhothane is regarded not only as a controversial sub-culture but also as a lifestyle whereby young people compete in acquiring material goods with the ultimate purpose of destroying them. This practice co-exists alongside youth unemployment and underdevelopment which is exacerbated by poverty, rising unemployment and gross inequalities. The author argues that the practice of skhothane sub-culture does not only undermine the policies and programmes aimed at the socio-economic upliftment of young people, but turns the youth into materialistic consumers. In this article, young people are viewed as victims of post-modern lifestyles who are socialised under an intergenerational culture of poverty and underdevelopment. It uses primary data from selected interviews with skhothane members and general members of local communities and secondary sources from books, accredited journals and newspapers.

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