Patterns and risk factors of opioid-suspected EMS overdose in Houston metropolitan area, 2015-2019: A Bayesian spatiotemporal analysis

Background Opioid-related overdose deaths are the top accidental cause of death in the United States, and development of regional strategies to address this epidemic should begin with a better understanding of where and when overdoses are occurring. Methods and findings In this study, we relied on emergency medical services data to investigate the geographical and temporal patterns in opioid-suspected overdose incidents in one of the largest and most ethnically diverse metropolitan areas (Houston Texas). Using a cross sectional design and Bayesian spatiotemporal models, we identified zip code areas with excessive opioid-suspected incidents, and assessed how the incidence risks were associated with zip code level socioeconomic characteristics. Our analysis suggested that opioid-suspected overdose incidents were particularly high in multiple zip codes, primarily south and central within the city. Zip codes with high percentage of renters had higher overdose relative risk (RR = 1.03; 95% CI: [1.01, 1.04]), while crowded housing and larger proportion of white citizens had lower relative risks (RR = 0.9; 95% CI: [0.84, 0.96], RR = 0.97, 95% CI: [0.95, 0.99], respectively). Conclusions Our analysis illustrated the utility of Bayesian spatiotemporal models in assisting the development of targeted community strategies for local prevention and harm reduction efforts.

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Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in Generation Z: A cross-sectional study in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

Public Health of Indonesia ◽

10.36685/phi.v7i4.460 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 139-144

Author(s):

Chevin Ramadhan Hadiwijaya ◽

Muhammad Imam Zan Zabiyla Analuddin ◽

Ayikacantya Sudayasa ◽

Muhammad Hoki Akbar ◽

Lilyana Aritonia Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Analytical Study ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cluster Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Generation Z ◽

The Media ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Almost All ◽

The City

Background: Adequate health systems and effective strategies are needed to increase trust and acceptance in vaccines. Generation Z is more concerned with environmental issues related to the pandemic situation.Objective: This study aimed to assess the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in Generation Z.Methods: This was an observational analytical study with a cross-sectional design on generation Z in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia, from May to July 2021. The samples were taken by cluster sampling using faculty classification. Data was collected using a questionnaire with a google form, included the characteristics, knowledge regarding COVID-19 and vaccine, and the media information.Results: There were 396 participants. Most of them were 20 years (52.6%), female (74.8%), and Muslim (93.7%). About 61.6% live outside the city and had insurance (77.3%). Half of the participants knew the COVID-19 symptoms (51.26%), some participants were hesitant (11.8%) and did not even know (0.76%). Almost all participants were aware of the COVID-19 vaccination program (99.2%), benefits (95.2%), side effects (84.1%), and knew the contents of the COVID-19 vaccine (62.1%). Most of them were willing to take the COVID-19 vaccine (77.8%). However, 17.93% were hesitant, and 4.29% were unwilling to participate. Most participants were not trusting vaccines (43.9%), did not feel the need (29.3%), and felt access was not easy (26.8%). Most of them used social media to get information about COVID-19 (89.1%).Conclusion: Generation Z has a good acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, even though there are still doubts and rejects. Accurately and sustainable information is needed.

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Symptom Responses to a Continuum of Sexual Trauma

Violence and Victims ◽

10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 248-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carrie M. Carretta ◽

Ann W. Burgess

Keyword(s):

Sexual Trauma ◽

The United States ◽

Symptom Presentation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Web Based ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Types ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Post Hoc

This study reports the findings of an anonymous web-based survey to test differences in symptom presentation (depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) among women who experienced different types of sexual trauma (forcible, pressured, sex stress). The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design with an online convenience sample of 243 adult females living primarily in the United States. The findings revealed that there was a statistically significant difference among type of sexual trauma groups for depression (p = .013) and PTSD (p = .044) but not for anxiety (p = .183). Post hoc analysis of the overall difference in depression revealed that the multiple rape type group (p = .010) and the forcible sex group (p = .016) had higher levels of depression.

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BASELINE DRIVING MILEAGE PREDICTS STATE-REPORTED CRASHES ACROSS 5 YEARS

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.1242 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S343-S343

Author(s):

Junyan Tian ◽

Sara A Freed ◽

Lesley Ross

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Population Density ◽

The United States ◽

Future Research ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Crash Data ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Testing Site

Abstract Although annual driving mileage has frequently been examined as a predictor of crashes among older adults, most research used cross-sectional design and relied on self-reported crash data. This study used multivariate regression to examine the number of state reported at-fault crashes between groups of low (14,000km) self-reported annual distance over five years. Additionally, key factors of interest including age, gender, and population density were examined as predictors. The sample included 519 healthy older adults aged 65-90 (M=73.17, SD=5.56) across five sites in the United States. 12% of participants experienced a crash across five years, and among those who crashed, the majority (87%) experienced one crash (range 0-3 crashes). After controlling for age, gender and testing site, people in the high annual mileage group had a greater number of crashes compared to the low mileage group (β=.14, t(513)=2.37, p=.02). There was not a significant difference in number of prospective crashes between the low and medium group. Also, people who drove in sites with low population density had more crashes than those who in high population density sites (β=.10, t(513)=2.24, p=.03). Higher age was associated with a greater number of prospective crashes (β=.01, t(513)=3.67, p =.002); however, gender was not a significant predictor of crashes. Our results highlight the importance of examining prospective crashes over time, and taking mileage and population density into consideration. Future research should examine trajectories of driving exposure in relation to prospective crashes using multilevel modeling.

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KORELASI JUMLAH BATANG ROKOK DENGAN KADAR CO PADA REMAJA PEROKOK DI SMK KOTA JAMBI

Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi ◽

10.36565/jab.v7i2.76 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 123

Author(s):

Miko Eka Putri

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Research ◽

Smoking Behavior ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

The United States ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

P Value ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Smokers ◽

Cross Sectional Design

Cigarettes are very dangerous for health. The Global Adults Tobacco Survey (GATS) survey estimated that as many as 7.9 billion adults became active smokers and about 3.5 billion people were exposed to cigarette smoke at work. Indonesia ranks 4th out of 10 countries with a population of smokers (4%) after China (38%), Russia (7%) and the United States (5%) (Ministry of Health, 2012). Every cigarette smoked contains a lot of toxic substances, especially carbon monoxide (CO) which can damage the sympathetic nervous system and hemoglobin desaturation.This study aims to see the effect of the number of cigarettes with CO levels in adolescent smokers in vocational schools. This research is a quantitative research with cross-sectional design. The sample in this study amounted to 20 people in which the sampling technique used was purposive sampling. This study was conducted on July 2018 in SMK in the city of Jambi. Analysis using the Wilcoxon test.The results showed that the average number of cigarettes smoked by teenagers per day was 3.2 cigarettes, and the average CO level was 10.1ppm. The results of the analysis with Wilcoxon test showed that there was an effect of the number of cigarettes on CO levels with a p value of 0,000, meaning that there was a relationship between the number of cigarettes and CO levels in adolescent smokers in SMKs.The results of this study are expected to be a reference for teenagers to know the content of cigarettes and their dangers so that they can stop smoking behavior.

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Sanitasi Pemukiman pada Masyarakat dengan Riwayat Penyakit Berbasis Lingkungan

Jurnal Kesehatan ◽

10.26630/jk.v11i1.1697 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Mei Ahyanti

Keyword(s):

Test Results ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sanitation Facility ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Multistage Sampling ◽

Almost All ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

<p>Environmental-based diseases (PBL) are a health problem and occur in almost all geographical regions in the world. Every year, environment-based diseases are always found and reported to spread evenly at every Puskesmas in Bandar Lampung City. Settlement sanitation is an important aspect directly related to health and society. "Waterborne Disease" disease is still high, proving that there are still sanitation problems in settlements. The study aims to determine the relationship of settlement sanitation with environmental-based diseases in the city of Bandar Lampung. The study used a cross-sectional design, the population is all households in Bandar Lampung City. The sample was 384 respondents, taken randomly using multistage sampling. The results found 14,3% of respondents had a physical component of an unhealthy house, 45,3% of respondents had an unhealthy sanitation facility, 40,1% of the occupants of the house behaved in an unhealthy manner. The test results statistically concluded that there was a significant relationship between settlement sanitation and the incidence of environmental-based diseases.</p>

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6-n-Propylthiouracil sensitivity and obesity status among ethnically diverse children

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980009993004 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 1587-1592 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Janice C Baranowski ◽

Tom Baranowski ◽

Alicia Beltran ◽

Kathy B Watson ◽

Russell Jago ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Status ◽

Age Groups ◽

Ethnically Diverse ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obesity Status ◽

Interaction Term ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Minority Ethnic

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the relationship of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) sensitivity to BMI while statistically controlling for demographic characteristics in two age groups of children: 9–10 years and 17–18 years (n 1551).DesignCross-sectional design with a multi-ethnic (White, African-American, Hispanic, Other) sample of 813 children aged 9–10 years and 738 children aged 17–18 years. Children were recruited from local elementary and high schools with at least 30 % minority ethnic enrolment. Children’s height, weight and waist circumference were measured along with their PROP taster status. PROP was measured using two paper discs, one impregnated with NaCl (1·0 mol/l) and the other with PROP solution (0·50 mmol/l).ResultsA significant PROP sensitivity by socio-economic status (SES) interaction term (P = 0·010) was detected wherein supertasters had the largest BMI percentile and Z-score, but only among the group with highest SES.ConclusionsThe results suggest that other factors overwhelmed the influence of PROP sensitivity on adiposity in lower-SES groups. The percentage of variance accounted for by the interaction term was about 1 %. Thus, PROP supertasters had the largest BMI percentile and Z-score, but only among the highest-SES group.

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The RELATIONSHIP OF PREGNAN WOMEN’S CHARACTERISTICS TO THEIR PERCEPTION OF THE MCH BOOK, BENDA KEREP UB-VILLAGE, ARGASUNYA VILLAGE, CIREBON CITY

SEAJOM: The Southeast Asia Journal of Midwifery ◽

10.36749/seajom.v7i1.137 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 64-70

Author(s):

Vianty Sari ◽

Nurhasanah Nurhasanah

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Health Workers ◽

Primary Data ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Live Births ◽

Delivery Assistance ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

in Indonesia, breast cancer is the second leading cause of death for women after cervical cancer. Based on data from the Cirebon City Health Office in 2015, the number of maternal deaths was 4/5400 live births, the number of infant deaths was 25/5455 live births, and the number of under-five deaths was 8/5378 live births. Aspects of maternal and child health can be seen from several indicators of achievement, one of which is Infant Immunization. In 2015, of 22 urban villages in the city of Cirebon, there was only one village that had not reached the target, namely in the Argasunya village. Meanwhile, the coverage of deliveries by health workers in Argasunya was 52.64% and the highest delivery assistance by traditional birth attendants in the city of cirebon was in Argasunya Village at 4.63%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between characteristics and perceptions of pregnant women on the MCH Handbook. This study used a cross sectional design. The population of all pregnant women in Benda Kerep Sub-Village, Argasunya Village, Cirebon City. Sampling used total sampling. The data taken were primary data obtained through questionnaires given to 23 pregnant women. The correlation test used Chi-Square. The results of the study showed that the majority of pregnant women had a bad perception of the MCH handbook (69.56%), were aged 20-35 (87%), graduated from elementary school (78%), were with 14-27 weeks in gestation (48%), and had a plan to deliver at home (73.92%). Based on occupation, all pregnant women did not work (100%). There was no relationship between age and perception of the MCH handbook, between education and perception of the MCH handbook, between occupation and perception of the MCH handbook, and between planned place of delivery and perception of the MCH handbook.

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Specific Interventions to Prevent Stunting in Children Under 2 Years after the Natural Disaster

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2021.5677 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (E) ◽

pp. 64-69

Author(s):

Fahmi Hafid ◽

Taqwin Taqwin ◽

Linda Linda ◽

Nasrul Nasrul ◽

Kadar Ramadhan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Disaster ◽

Central Government ◽

Health Sector ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Specific Intervention ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Republic ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

The City ◽

Central Sulawesi

BACKGROUND: Nutrition specific reflects most of the evidence of programmatic successes, such as improving breastfeeding. Specific intervention is an action or activity that is specifically directed at the first 1000 days of life. In general, these activities are carried out by the health sector. AIM: Study aims to analyze specific interventions for preventing stunting in children under 2 years of age in post-natural disaster areas. METHODS: This type of quantitative analytic research with a cross-sectional design conducted in Palu City central of Sulawesi Indonesia from October until November 2020. The population in this study were mothers and children under 2 years. Sampling using consecutive sampling technique with a total of 384 samples. Data analysis using a frequency distribution, height Z score table according to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. RESULTS: The prevalence of stunting in children under 2 years of age in Palu was 37.24%. The only specific intervention behavior in preventing stunting that was statistically significant was breastfeeding for up to 2 years (p = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Specific interventions to prevent stunting in children under 2 years after natural disasters are breastfeeding children up to 2 years. The prevalence of stunting in children under 2 is 37.24%. To reduce stunting problems in the city of Palu Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, mothers need to be informed about the risks and assistance from local and central government.

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Suicidal Risk Following the Termination of Romantic Relationships

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000484 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 39 (3) ◽

pp. 166-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Heather A. Love ◽

David P. Nalbone ◽

Lorna L. Hecker ◽

Kathryn A. Sweeney ◽

Prerana Dharnidharka

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Romantic Relationship ◽

The United States ◽

Equation Model ◽

Suicidal Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Break Up ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Commitment Level ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Background: The termination of a romantic relationship is an established predictor of suicide attempt. Severing a relationship with a romantic figure can feel life-ending, based on attachment theory. Aims: The primary goal of this study was to determine if specific risk markers for suicide are related to an individual's commitment level to the romantic relationship prior to its dissolution. Method: The purpose of this study was to examine if commitment and investment are linked with suicidal risk in a sample of adults (n = 208) in the United States ages 18–64 who experienced the break-up of a significant romantic relationship within the past 3 months. Results: A structural equation model analysis revealed a significant association between commitment to the romantic relationship and suicidal risk when mediated by depression. This suggests that high commitment to the previous romantic relationship is indirectly associated with suicidal risk, indicating a need for increased attention to individuals who recently experienced a break-up. Limitations: This study is limited by its cross-sectional design and by retrospective accounts of the previous relationships. Conclusion: This study indicates that high commitment to a romantic relationship may serve as a risk factor of depression and therefore of suicide when the relationship is terminated.

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Maternal Worry About Infant Weight and its Influence on Artificial Milk Supplementation and Breastfeeding Cessation

Journal of Human Lactation ◽

10.1177/08903344211000284 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089033442110002

Author(s):

Diane DiTomasso ◽

Karen Ann Wambach ◽

Mary B. Roberts ◽

Debra A. Erickson-Owens ◽

Aimee Quigley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Support Groups ◽

Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽

The United States ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lactating Mothers ◽

Breastfeeding Cessation ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

First Time ◽

The Relationship

Background Maternal worry about infant weight has inconsistently been reported as a breastfeeding barrier. Weight monitoring is a critical tool to assess adequacy of infant feeding. Yet, little is known about the intensity of maternal worry about infant weight or associated breastfeeding outcomes. Research aims To examine (1) the frequency and intensity of maternal worry about infant weight; (2) the relationship between worry about weight and use of artificial milk; and 3) the relationship between worry about weight and breastfeeding cessation. Methods A prospective cross-sectional design was used. A questionnaire was completed by women in the United States ( N = 287) from 12 web-based maternal support groups. Results Sixty-three percent of women ( n = 182) had some worry about infant weight. Participants breastfeeding for the first time had more worry ( p = .035). Participants still breastfeeding had less worry about weight compared to those who had stopped (67%, n = 147 vs. 41%, n = 28). Exclusive breastfeeding participants had less worry ( p < .001) compared to those who supplemented with artificial milk. Increased worry was associated with the use of artificial milk within 1 week of birth ( p < .001) and early breastfeeding cessation ( p < .001). Conclusions Worry about weight is a significant breastfeeding barrier. It is associated with first time breastfeeding, less exclusive breastfeeding, use of artificial milk, and earlier breastfeeding cessation. Lactating mothers need anticipatory guidance about expected neonatal weight changes and interventions to help relieve worry about infant weight.

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