scholarly journals Birth weight rather than birth length is associated with childhood behavioural problems in a Czech ELSPAC cohort

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0253607
Author(s):  
Lucie Ráčková ◽  
Daniela Kuruczová ◽  
Jiří Jarkovský ◽  
Julie Bienertová-Vašků
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Prenatal Development ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Behavioural Problems ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Adjusted Model

Many physical and psychological characteristics are influenced by prenatal development. Some studies have located links between low birth parameters and behavioural problems, with the latter in turn associated with educational progress, career success, overall health, and subsequent life events. However, few studies have investigated whether this association also applies to children in the normal birth growth range. This study thus investigates the relationship between normal-range birth length, weight, and behavioural problems at the age of seven. We use data from the Czech part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) cohort, which provides comprehensive insight into a post-communist country undergoing a period of economic transition. Childhood behavioural problems were measured in 1,796 children using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Associations were modelled using weighted logistic regression. Birth weight was found to be linked to the total difficulties score, hyperactivity, and peer relationship problems subscales in a fully adjusted model while birth length was not significantly associated with any subscale in the fully adjusted model. We thus conclude that normal-range birth weight is associated with behavioural problems. It can therefore be assumed that the odds of behavioural problems and their consequences can be mitigated by preventive programs targeting pregnant women and children with lower but still normal weight.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Birth Weight and Gender of Newborn Infants

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jide Onyekwelu ◽  
Chike H. Nwankwo ◽  
I. C. A. Oyeka
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Birth weight is an important determinant of infant morbidity and mortality. Its effect extends upto adult life and may explain some non-communicable diseases that may occur in adult life. In general, males weigh more than females. Birth weight is categorised into three levels, viz., low, normal and high. This study analysed the relationship between gender and the categories of birth weights. Materials and Methods: Data on babies’ gender and birth weights from 961 term life deliveries in a private general practice hospital were analysed. Test on equality of the mean weight of males and females at the three categorical levels were done using z test and t-tests, as necessary. Results: Mean birth weight was found to be 3.30 ± 0.495 kg. Males weighed significantly heavier than females at mean weights of 3.343 ± 0.495 kg and 3.258 ± 0.490 kg, respectively. In the low birth weight category, males weighed 1.844 ± 0.297 kg and females weighed 1.992 ± 0.397 kg. There was no significant difference. Similarly, the mean weight of males and females in the high birth weight category were 4.462 ± 0.343 kg and 4.342 ± 0.219 kg, respectively with no significant difference. In the normal weight category, males weighed significantly more than the females with the mean weight of 3.30 ± 0.359 kg and 3.248 ± 0.392 kg, respectively. Conclusion: Male babies weighed more than female babies only in the normal birth weight category. The factor that selectively affected the birth weight of male babies must be acting under the category of normal birth weight only. More studies are necessary to identify the factors and the reasons, for which they act only at the level of the normal birth weight.  

scholarly journals Morbidity profile and immediate outcome of low birth weight neonates in a rural tertiary care hospital of Gujarat, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1272
Author(s):  
Manish Rasania ◽  
Sunil Pathak ◽  
Prerna Dogra ◽  
Ayushi Jain ◽  
Neil Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Partnership Model

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) has been defined as a birth weight of <2.5 kilogram regardless of gestational age. In India, every 3rd born child is of LBW. LBW is associated with increased neonatal mortality and morbidity, compromised growth and cognitive development.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using previously collected data from January 2015 to December 2015.Results: Out of 1238 live births, 485 (39.17%) were LBW. 456(94.01%) were LBW weighing >1500 grams (LBW), 22(4.53%) were VLBW, and 07(1.44%) were ELBW. 361(74.43%) were LBW2 (birth weight ≥2000 - <2500 grams), 95(19.58%) were LBW1 (birth weight ≥1500 - <2000 grams). 289(59.58%) of LBW neonates were full term. SNCU admission is significantly higher in LBW neonates (25.8% vs 9.61%). Morbidities were higher in LBW neonates compared to normal birth weight neonates. Difference was more significant in incidence of sepsis (3.72% vs 0.83%), RDS (2.19% vs 0%), TTN (5.48% vs 2.36%), hypoglycemia (1.31% vs 0%), feed intolerance (1.09% vs 0%) and risk of major congenital malformation (1.97% vs 0.27%). Need for respiratory support was 4.82% in LBW vs 2.36% in normal birth weight neonates. Morbidities were significantly higher in VLBW and ELBW neonates. Immediate poor outcome was in 3.92% in LBW neonates, while it was 0.56% in normal weight neonates. Poor immediate outcome was 1.11% in LBW2, 2.10% in LBW1, 10% in VLBW1, 41.66% IN VLBW2, and 100% in ELBW.Conclusions: LBW neonates are at higher risk of morbidities and mortalities. The major determinant for mortality in LBW babies is the birth weight. The best option to prevent LBW is by improving maternal health. Improvement of perinatal and neonatal services   in government sector and public private partnership model of free neonatal care can help to achieve the INAP goal of NMR <10 by 2030. 

scholarly journals Associations of maternal caffeine intake with birth outcomes: results from the Lifeways Cross Generation Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Wei Chen ◽  
Roisin Fitzgerald ◽  
Celine M Murrin ◽  
John Mehegan ◽  
Cecily C Kelleher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Adverse Birth Outcomes ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Adjusted Model

ABSTRACT Background Maternal caffeine intake is associated with adverse birth outcomes, but in most studies the primary caffeine source is coffee; the influence of tea caffeine remains unclear. Objective The aim of the study was to examine the association between maternal caffeine intake and birth outcomes in a population with tea as the predominant caffeine source. Design Data from 941 Irish mother-child pairs of the Lifeways Cross Generation Cohort Study were examined. Maternal dietary intakes in early pregnancy were assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Caffeine intake was derived from coffee, tea, soft drinks, and cocoa-containing foods and beverages. Associations of maternal caffeine intake with continuous (birth weight, birth length, and gestational age) and binary [low birth weight (LBW) (<2500 g) and preterm birth (PB) (<37 wk gestational age)] birth outcomes were investigated using multiple linear and logistic regressions, respectively, with adjustment for potential confounders. Results Tea was the predominant caffeine source (48%), followed by coffee (39%). In the fully adjusted model, maternal caffeine intake was associated with lower birth weight [β (95% CI): −71.9 (−105.4, −38.4) g · 100 mg–1 · d–1 caffeine increment], shorter birth length [−0.30 (−0.49, −0.11) cm], smaller head circumference [−0.12 (−0.24, −0.01) cm], and shorter gestational age [−0.13 (−0.25, −0.02) wk]; higher risks for LBW [OR (95% CI): 1.47 (1.14, 1.90)] and PB [1.36 (1.07, 1.74)] were also observed (all P < 0.05). The associations were robust to the exclusion of participants with pregnancy complications and in never smokers. Similar higher risks of adverse birth outcomes were observed for the highest caffeine intake categories from coffee [ORLBW: 3.10 (1.08, 8.89); ORPB: 2.74 (1.05, 7.16)] and tea [ORLBW: 2.47 (1.02, 6.01); ORPB: 2.56 (1.14, 5.75)], compared with the lowest intake categories (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Maternal caffeine intake from both coffee and tea is associated with adverse birth outcomes. This prospective observational study was registered at ISRCTN Registry as ISRCTN16537904.

scholarly journals Effect of Artesunate on Peripheral Parasitaemia in Pregnant Women with Plasmodium Falciparum Infection

2017 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Susi W Saragih ◽  
St. Maisuri T. Chalid ◽  
Umar Malinta ◽  
Isra Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Falciparum Infection ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Infection

Objective: To determine the effect of artesunate on peripheral parasitaemia in pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum infection. Methods: Pregnant women in second and third trimester with Plasmodium falciparum infection and their newborns were included in cohort prospective study in Sorong West Papua from September 2015 to February 2016. All pregnant women received 200 mg orally artesunate monotherapy for 7 days. Their newborns examined for weight at delivery and parasitaemia in placenta and cord blood. Parasitaemia diagnosis by Rapid Diagnostic Test and blood smear microscopy. Results: After artesunatemonotherapy, 82.5% (33/40) malariainfected pregnant women had negative parasitaemia (p=0.000) although 17.5% (7/40) of the pregnant women had positive parasitaemia. Parasitaemia also found in 10% (4/40) of placenta and 7.5% (3/40) of umbilical cord from newborns of malaria-infected pregnant women treated with artesunate. 70% (28/40) of the newborns in this study had normal weight. Conclusion: Artesunate reduces peripheral parasitaemia in the second and third trimester of pregnancy, and is associated with normal birth weight. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 5-3: 135-138] Keywords: artesunate, low birth weight, peripheral parasitaemia

Medical Care and Preterm Infants of Normal Birth Weight

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-166
Author(s):  
Nigel Paneth ◽  
Sylvan Wallenstein ◽  
John L. Kiely ◽  
Curtis P. Snook ◽  
Mervyn Susser
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
Level 2

Preterm infants of normal birth weight (born before 37 completed weeks of gestation and weighing more than 2,250 g) experience a neonatal mortality risk almost four times higher than do term infants in the same weight range. In an analysis of the effect of hospital level of birth on neonatal mortality, such preterm normal weight infants were found to experience higher mortality if born outside of a Level 3 (tertiary care) center. For all singleton infants in this weight-gestation category born in New York City maternity services during a 3-year period (N = 23,257), the relative mortality risk for Level 1 births (compared with Level 3) was 1.72 (P &lt; .01) and for Level 2 births 1.47 (P &lt; .05). The excess mortality at Level 1 and Level 2 units was almost entirely due to a more than twofold higher death rate in black infants born in these units. Several potentially confounding socioeconomic, demographic, and biologic variables entered into a logistic regression model could not account for the higher mortality rates for black infants born in Level 1 and Level 2 units. Among black infants born at Level 1 units, deaths in preterm normal birth weight infants were less likely to occur in a receiving tertiary care center than were either deaths in low birth weight infants or deaths in term normal weight infants, suggesting that the need for special care of preterm normal birth weight infants is underestimated in some hospitals without newborn intensive care units.

scholarly journals Birth Anthropometry Characteristics of Hypospadias Patients in Palembang, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Ziske Maritska ◽  
Savero Evan Abisha Evan Abisha ◽  
Triwani Triwani
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Length ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Birth Characteristics ◽  
Intra Uterine Growth Restriction ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

ABSTRACT. Background. Hypospadias is one of the most common urogenital anomaly in males. The etiology is poorly understood, but is believed to be multifactorial where Intra Uterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is one of the suspected risk factors, leading to low birth weight and low birth length in affected patients. Objective. This study aims to identify the birth anthropometry characteristics of hypospadias patients who visited RSUP. Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Materials and Methods. This was an observational descriptive study with cross sectional design. This study included hypospadias patients with detailed birth characteristics in RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang during the period of 2012-2015. Results. Out of 106 hypospadias patients, only 19 (17.92%) of them presented with detailed birth characteristics. There were 12 (63,2%) patients with low birth weight and 7 (36,8%) patients with normal birth weight. There were 10 (52,6%) patients with low birth length and 9 (47,4%) patients with normal birth length. The mean birth weight is 2442 grams and the mean birth length is 46,9 centimeters. Conclusion. The majority of hypospadias patients in this study showed a low birth weight and low birth length, signalling an accordance to the existing theory.   Keywords: Hypospadias, birth anthropometry, characteristics

scholarly journals A case of anterior persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous associated with morning glory disc anomaly and retinopathy of prematurity like retinopathy in a term-born child

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Kaiqin She ◽  
Fang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous ◽  
Morning Glory Disc Anomaly

Abstract Background Association of morning glory disc anomaly (MGDA) with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) has been reported earlier. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) like retinopathy in preterm babies with optic disc anomalies has also been published. Our case is unique in terms of presence MGDA, PHPV, unilateral ROP like retinopathy in a term infant with normal birth weight. Case presentation A 5-month-old girl, born at term with a birth weight of 3750 g, presented with anterior PHPV, MGDA and ROP like retinopathy. In order to prevent retinal detachment, she received 360 degree barrage laser photocoagulation at the edge of the optic disc excavation of the left eye. In the follow-up a month later, laser scars were found in her left fundus without other complications. Conclusion PHPV and MGDA with ROP like retinopathy in term and normal weight baby is rare. The peripheral avascular retinal area, caused by the dragging of the defected optic disc, might have been more vulnerable to the oxygen change after birth which resulted in ROP like retinopathy. High sensitivity to oxygen results in a series of changes such as upregulation of VEGF and IGF-1 may cause ROP-like retinopathy.

Berat Badan, Panjang Badan dan Faktor Genetik sebagai Prediktor Terjadinya Stunted pada Anak Sekolah

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Hetriana Leksananingsih ◽  
Slamet Iskandar ◽  
Tri Siswati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Riskesdas in 2013 showed that Yogyakarta (DIY) had a prevalence of stunted new kid in school is less than the national average, which is 14.9% (MOH, 2013). Stunted or short, is a linear growth retardation has been widely used as an indicator to measure the nutritional status of individuals and community groups. Stunted can be influenced by several factors: birth weight, birth length match and genetic factors. Objective: To determine the weight, length of low birth weight and genetic factors as predictors of the occurrence of stunted on elementary school children. Methods: The study was a case control analytic. Research sites in SD Muhammadiyah Ngijon 1 Subdistrict Moyudan. The study was conducted in May and June 2015. The subjects were school children grade 1 to grade 5 the number of cases as many as 47 children and 94 control children. With the inclusion criteria of research subjects willing to become respondents, was present at the time of the study, they have a father and mother, and exclusion criteria have no data BB and PB birth, can not stand upright. The research variables are BBL, PBL, genetic factors and TB / U at this time. Data were analyzed by chi-square test and Odd Ratio (OR) calculation. Results: In case group as much as 91.5% of normal birth weight and length of 80.9% of normal birth weight, most of the height of a normal mother and father as many as 85.1%. In the control group as much as 78.7% of normal birth weight and 61.7% were born normal body length, height mostly normal mom and dad that 96.7% of women and 90.4% normal normal father. Statistical test result is no significant correlation between height mothers with stunted incidence in school children, and the results of chi-square test P = 0.026 with value Odd Ratio (OR) of 3.9 and a range of values from 1.091 to 14.214 Cl95%. Conclusion: High maternal body of mothers can be used as predictors of the occurrence of stunted school children and mothers with stunted nutritional status have 3.9 times the risk of having children with stunted nutritional status.

Antioxidant Levels in Cord Blood of Term Low Birth Weight Neonates Requiring Delivery Room Resuscitation

2021 ◽  
pp. 097321792199140
Author(s):  
Rimjhim Sonowal ◽  
Anamika Jain ◽  
V. Bhargava ◽  
H.D. Khanna ◽  
Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Delivery Room ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Major Congenital Malformations

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of various antioxidants, namely, vitamin A and E, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the cord blood of term low birth weight (LBW) neonates who required delivery room resuscitation (DRR). Materials and Methods: This case control study included 37 term LBW neonates who needed DRR as cases and 44 term neonates as controls (15 term LBW and 29 term normal birth weight) who did not require resuscitation at birth. Neonates suffering from major congenital malformations, infection, or hemolytic disease were excluded. Standard methods were used to measure the levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, SOD, catalase, and GPx levels in the cord blood. Results: Vitamin A and E levels were significantly low in cases compared to term LBW controls as well as term normal birth weight controls. Levels of SOD, GPx, and catalase were comparable in different study groups. Conclusion: Our study shows that term LBW neonates requiring DRR had significantly low levels of vitamin A and E in their cord blood. This might compromise their ability to tolerate oxidative stress during DRR.

Influence of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status on offspring anthropometric measurements and body composition in three Brazilian Birth Cohorts

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Mariane da Silva Dias ◽  
Alicia Matijasevich ◽  
Aluísio JD Barros ◽  
Ana Maria B. Menezes ◽  
Bruna Celestino Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Association Pattern ◽  
Maternity Hospitals

Abstract Objective: We aimed at evaluating the association of maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status with offspring anthropometry and body composition. We also evaluated whether these associations were modified by gender, diet and physical activity and mediated by birth weight. Design: Birth cohort study. Setting: Waist circumference was measured with an inextensible tape, and fat and lean mass were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regression was used to adjust for possible confounders and allele score of BMI. We carried out mediation analysis using G-formula. Participants: In 1982, 1993 and 2004, all maternity hospitals in Pelotas (South Brazil) were visited daily and all live births whose families lived in the urban area of the city were evaluated. These subjects have been followed up at different ages. Results: Offspring of obese mothers had on average higher BMI, waist circumference and fat mass index than those of normal weight mothers, and these differences were higher among daughters. The magnitudes of the association were similar in the cohorts, except for height, where the association pattern was not clear. In the 1982 cohort, further adjustment for a BMI allele score had no material influence on the magnitude of the associations. Mediation analyses showed that birth weight captured part of this association. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that maternal pre-pregnancy nutritional status is positively associated with offspring BMI and adiposity in offspring. And this association is higher among daughters whose mother was overweight or obese and, birth weight explains part of this association.

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