scholarly journals Clinical significance of plasma PAF acetylhydrolase activity measurements as a biomarker of anaphylaxis: Cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256168
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Łukasz Piwowarek ◽  
Agnieszka Rzeszotarska ◽  
Jolanta Łukasz Korsak ◽  
Aleksandra Juszkiewicz ◽  
Andrzej Chciałowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Paf Acetylhydrolase ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Plasma Activity

Introduction Platelet-activating factor (PAF) has a direct role as a mediator in the pathogenesis of various disorders with an inflammatory component, including those with allergic aetiology. The peripheral blood concentration of PAF is dynamically regulated by plasma PAF acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). Previous research suggest that low activity of plasma PAF-AH could be a predictive marker for increased severity of some types of allergic hypersensitivity reactions–especially anaphylaxis. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the association between plasma PAF-AH activity and severity in patients with anaphylactic reactions following a wasp or bee sting. Materials and methods The study group of 89 patients was divided into two subgroups depending on the increasing severity of the most severe anaphylactic reaction in the past, which was assessed according to the Müller’s scale. The first subgroup included participants with a history of hypersensitivity reactions up to grade II. The second subgroup consisted of patients who have experienced at least one grade III or IV reactions in the past. A control group of 20 people was established. Plasma PAF-AH activity was measured using a colorimetric method. Results It has been observed that plasma activity of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase was significantly lower in patients with anaphylaxis history compared to the control group with negative atopic history (on average 21.38 nmol/min/ml for the control group, 9.47 nmol/min/ml for the first subgroup and 10.16 nmol/min/ml for the second subgroup, in both cases p < 0.0001). Conclusion The plasma activity of PAF-AH is a promising parameter that can help to distinguish a group of patients not threatened with development of anaphylaxis and not requiring laborious or expensive prophylactic procedures.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of plasma PAF acetylhydrolase activity measurements as a biomarker of anaphylaxis: cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Piwowarek ◽  
Agnieszka Rzeszotarska ◽  
Jolanta Korsak ◽  
Aleksandra Juszkiewicz ◽  
Andrzej Chciałowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paf Acetylhydrolase ◽  
Activity Measurements

P1506IMPROVEMENTS IN MICROVASCULAR AND MACROVASCULAR DIABETES-RELATED COMPLICATIONS IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofod Dea ◽  
Thomas Peter Almdal ◽  
Vibeke Rømming Sørensen ◽  
Bo Feldt-Rasmussen ◽  
Mads Hornum
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background and Aims Newer data suggests that there has been a substantial reduction in the incidence of diabetic complications over the past 30 years. However, little is known about whether this reduction also applies to patients with diabetes and end stage renal disease. The present study examined the current prevalence and the changes in microvascular and macrovascular diabetes-related complications in dialysis patients. Method The study was carried out as a cross-sectional study of all 119 diabetic patients in chronic dialysis at our department during June 2019. Data on diabetes-related complications was obtained from the patients’ electronic medical records and compared with a historic control group of all 38 diabetic dialysis patients examined in 2004. Results Currently, 12.3% had foot ulcer, while 40.3% had a history of foot ulcer. Lower extremity amputations were seen in 19.3%, with 7.6 % being amputated above-knee level. Development of Charcot foot was seen in 3.4%, and 64.1% had diabetic retinopathy (27.2% with proliferations), 27.2% had maculopathy, and 18.4% had a visual acuity lower than 0.3. A total of 31.1% had atrial fibrillation or flutter, 14.3% had angina pectoris and 20.2% had a history of myocardial infarction. A history of stroke or transient ischemic attack was observed in 21.8% and 6.7%, respectively. Compared with data from the 2004 cohort, we found a significant reduction in the prevalence of current foot ulcers (p=0.013), proliferative retinopathy (p=0.007) and visual acuity lower than 0.3 (p=0.028). Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that there has been a reduction in current foot ulcers and eye complications over the past 15 years among diabetic dialysis patients, whereas the prevalence of amputations, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications remains high.

scholarly journals Trend Analysis of Anti-Allergic Medicines During the 11-Year Period in Iran (2006-2017)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Faraji ◽  
Abbas Kebriaeezadeh ◽  
Akbar Abdollahiasl
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Perspective View ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pharmaceutical Expenditures

Up to 40% of the global and 7.4-41.3% of the Middle East population are affected by Allergic Rhinitis (AR). Patients with AR versus control group experience approximately twofold pharmaceutical expenditures and 1.8-fold number of visits. Since drug utilization can show various times of developing a disease in a country, it is used as an alternative for prevalence. In this study, we try to examine and explain the consumption of anti-allergic medicines during the past 11 years to have a perspective view of these kinds of medicines. In this descriptive and cross-sectional study that investigates anti-allergic medicines over a 11-year period (2006-2017), we used the Iranian pharmaceutical statistical datasheet published by the Iranian Ministry of Health. According to treatment guidelines of AR and WHO ATC code, we categorized anti-allergic medicines into five groups (antihistamines, Beta 2 agonists, Corticosteroids, Fixed-dose, and others), Then DIDs for these groups were calculated and analyzed. Based on our findings in this study, cetirizine, Loratadine, and Inhaled Salbutamol got the highest DID among all five groups, with 99.2, 65.4, and 57.6 retrospectively. Generally based on the third level of ATC code (second-generation anti-histamines, respiratory system drugs for obstructive airway disease, respiratory system nasal preparation, and corticosteroid for systemic use) are faced with ascending market sales. Generally, with the upward trend of anti-allergic medicines, we can conclude that the incidence of AR in Iran during the past 11 years has increased, and policymakers should follow this trend concerning a better supply chain.

scholarly journals Comparison of Eating Behaviors in People with Multiple Sclerosis with Recurrence in the Past Year and Control Group

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Saadat ◽  
Mozaffar Hosseininezhad
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare eating behaviors in the patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with recurrence of the disease in the past year and the control group. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was a comparison that was performed in the statistical population of two groups of people with MS in Guilan Province in the second half of 2018. The first group consisted of people with MS with a recurrence of the disease in the past year and the second group of people with MS without a history of recurrence of the disease in the past year that were selected by matching the variables of age, sex and duration of the disease. In each of these groups, 104 people were employed as a sample in a targeted method from medical centers in Rasht. In order to collect data demographic information form and Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire were used. Research data were analyzed by independent t-test using SPSS software version 16. Results: The results showed that among patients with MS with a history of recurrence and the control group there was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the variables of emotional eating (t = 3.03, P = 0.01), external stimuli (t=4.49, P=0.01) and inhibition in eating (t =3.81, P=0.01). Conclusion: Inappropriate eating behaviors are one of the factors associated with recurrence and disease attacks in people with MS. Therefore, it is suggested that psychologists and nutritionists consider the role of eating behaviors in these individuals to reduce disease attacks.  

A technique to prepare cross-sectional TEM specimens of semiconducting devices

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 742-743
Author(s):  
A. K. Rai ◽  
P. P. Pronko
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Device Structures ◽  
Ion Implanted

Several techniques have been reported in the past to prepare cross(x)-sectional TEM specimen. These methods are applicable when the sample surface is uniform. Examples of samples having uniform surfaces are ion implanted samples, thin films deposited on substrates and epilayers grown on substrates. Once device structures are fabricated on the surfaces of appropriate materials these surfaces will no longer remain uniform. For samples with uniform surfaces it does not matter which part of the surface region remains in the thin sections of the x-sectional TEM specimen since it is similar everywhere. However, in order to study a specific region of a device employing x-sectional TEM, one has to make sure that the desired region is thinned. In the present work a simple way to obtain thin sections of desired device region is described.

Suicidal Ideation Among Medical Students in Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mohammed Madadin ◽  
Ritesh G. Menezes ◽  
Maha A. Alassaf ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Almulhim ◽  
Mahdi S. Abumadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eastern Province ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depression Subscale ◽  
History Of

Abstract. Background: Medical students are at high risk of suicidal ideation. Aim: We aimed to obtain information on suicidal ideation among medical students in Dammam located in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine affiliated with Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Suicidal ideation in the past 12 months was assessed based on responses to four questions in the depression subscale of the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). In addition, data were collected to examine the association of suicidal ideation with various factors. Results: We found that 1 in 3 medical students in the study had suicidal ideation in the past 12 months, while around 40% had lifetime suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was associated with feelings of parental neglect, history of physical abuse, and dissatisfaction with academic performance. Limitations: The cross-sectional nature of this study limits its ability to determine causality regarding suicidal ideation. Conclusion: These rates are considerably high when compared with rates from studies in other countries around the world. This study provides a reference in the field of suicidology for this region of Saudi Arabia.

A Mutation in Plasma Platelet-activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (Val279Phe) Is a Genetic Risk Factor for Cerebral Hemorrhage but not for Hypertension

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (09) ◽  
pp. 372-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidemi Yoshida ◽  
Tadaatsu Imaizumi ◽  
Koji Fujimoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Itaya ◽  
Makoto Hiramoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Genetic Risk Factor ◽  
Brain Hemorrhage ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase ◽  
Paf Acetylhydrolase ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Difference

SummaryPlatelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase is an enzyme that inactivates PAF. Deficiency of this enzyme is caused by a missense mutation in the gene. We previously found a higher prevalence of this mutation in patients with ischemic stroke. This fact suggests that the mutation might enhance the risk for stroke through its association with hypertension. We have addressed this hypothesis by analyzing the prevalence of the mutation in hypertension. We studied 138 patients with essential hypertension, 99 patients with brain hemorrhage, and 270 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was analyzed for the mutant allele by the polymerase-chain reaction. The prevalence of the mutation was 29.3% (27.4% heterozygotes and 1.9% homozygotes) in controls and 36.2% in hypertensives and the difference was not significant. The prevalence in patients with brain hemorrhage was significantly higher than the control: 32.6% heterozygotes and 6.1% homozygotes (p <0.05). PAF acetylhydrolase deficiency may be a genetic risk factor for vascular diseases.

DYSLIPIDEMIA IN THYROID DISORDERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashish Narula ◽  
Narendra Kumar Dara ◽  
Shyam Lal Meena
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carbohydrate And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thyroid Profile ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Background: Thyroid hormones influence nearly all major metabolic pathways. Their most obvious and well-known action is the increase in basal energy expenditure obtained by acting on protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The lipid metabolism is more influenced by the thyroid hormone. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with suspicion of thyroid disorders were taken as cases. One hundred patients with normal thyroid profile and no history of other chronic diseases were taken as control group. Results: The serum TC, TG and LDL levels in hypothyroid individuals (both overt and subclinical) were significantly higher than euthyroid subjects but the levels were comparable between hyperthyroid and euthyroid group. Conclusion: Dyslipidemias are associated with thyroid disorders, so biochemical screening for thyroid dysfunction in all dyslipidemic patients. Therefore, patients presenting with dyslipidemia are recommended for investigation to explore thyroid dysfunction. Keywords: Thyroid profile, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides and LDL

ASSESSMENT OF CORRELATION BETWEEN LEUKODERMA AND PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mukesh Batra
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Illness Anxiety

Background: Leukoderma is an acquired disease of pigmentation which is presented by depigmented areas of different shape and sizes on the skin. In various researches it was reported that these defects in melanocytes occurred due to autoimmune pathway or the complex causation of oxidative stress and genetics. Material & Methods: In the present cross‑sectional prospective study 100 patients who were diagnosed with Leukoderma and controls who were not having depigmentation of skin and without any known clinical disease were enrolled for present study by simple random sampling. Written informed consent was taken from each study participant. Clearance from institutional ethical committee was also taken prior to the study. Results: The prevalence of psychiatric illness among leukoderma group was 22% and among 78% patients we did not found any psychiatric illness. The most common symptom was depression which was present among 22% of patients with Leukoderma and 18% patients with Leukoderma had anxiety symptoms. Among the control group depression was present in 5 % subjects and anxiety symptoms were present in 7% of subjects. The mean WHO-Quality of life scores was low among Leukoderma group in relation to the control group (p value <0.05). On correlation with psychiatric illness, observations were statistically non-significant (p > 0.05) with HAMA-A and HAMA- D. The observations were statistically significant (p < 0.05) with GHQ total and BSA score. Conclusion:  Higher prevalence of psychitric morbidity among patients with leukoderma and it was found associated with duration of disease and BSA scores. The most common symptom was depression which was followed by anxiety symptoms. Key words: Leukoderma, psychiatric illness, anxiety, depression.

Pengaruh bising lalu lintas terhadap penurunan fungsi pendengaran pada juru parkir di kota Denpasar

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ni Ketut Susilawati ◽  
Wayan Sudana ◽  
Eka Putra Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Hearing Threshold ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Function

Background: Noise pollution or noise is an unwanted sound which is disturbing to human beings.However small or soft the sound, if it is undesirable it is considered as noise. Noise induced hearingloss is a sensorineural hearing loss that is commonly encountered second to presbycusis. Purpose: Toknow the effect of traffic noise exposure on hearing impairment to the employees of the Parking DistrictCompany of the Denpasar city and to improve diagnostic detection on hearing impairment caused bynoise. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted at the Parking District Company office. Thepopulations of this study were the employees of the Parking District Company. Samples of this study were the employees who were exposed to traffic noise and control samples were an employee who was unexposed. Samples were selected by simple random sampling. Results: From 40 parking attendants,27 persons (67.5%) aged above 35 years old. The parking attendants who had been working for ten to fifteen years were 36 persons (90%) and no history using ear protection when working. Seven persons(17.5%) had referred DPOAE upon examination with increase hearing threshold on audiogram result.In this study the parking attendants who had hearing deficit induced by noise were 7 persons (17.5%)and only one person (2.5%) in control group. There was a statistically significant effect of traffic noiseto hearing function deficit (p<0.05). Conclusion: Traffic noise has effect in hearing function deficit onthe parking attendants.ORLI Vol. 40 No. 2 Tahun 2010Key words: NIHL, parking attendant, audiometry, DPOAE.

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