scholarly journals Common communicable diseases in the general population in France during the COVID-19 pandemic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258391
Author(s):  
Titouan Launay ◽  
Cécile Souty ◽  
Ana-Maria Vilcu ◽  
Clément Turbelin ◽  
Thierry Blanchon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
First Year ◽  
Search Query ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Periodic Regression ◽  
Made In

In France, social distancing measures have been adopted to contain the spread of COVID-19, culminating in national Lockdowns. The use of hand washing, hydro-alcoholic rubs and mask-wearing also increased over time. As these measures are likely to impact the transmission of many communicable diseases, we studied the changes in common infectious diseases incidence in France during the first year of COVID-19 circulation. We examined the weekly incidence of acute gastroenteritis, chickenpox, acute respiratory infections and bronchiolitis reported in general practitioner networks since January 2016. We obtained search engine query volume for French terms related to these diseases and sales data for relevant drugs over the same period. A periodic regression model was fit to disease incidence, drug sales and search query volume before the COVID-19 period and extrapolated afterwards. We compared the expected values with observations made in 2020. During the first lockdown period, incidence dropped by 67% for gastroenteritis, by 79% for bronchiolitis, by 49% for acute respiratory infection and 90% for chickenpox compared to the past years. Reductions with respect to the expected incidence reflected the strength of implemented measures. Incidence in children was impacted the most. Reduction in primary care consultations dropped during a short period at the beginning of the first lockdown period but remained more than 95% of the expected value afterwards. In primary care, the large decrease in reported gastroenteritis, chickenpox or bronchiolitis observed during the period where many barrier measures were implemented imply that the circulation of common viruses was reduced and informs on the overall effect of these measures.

Politics In Central Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Parvezjon Ismoil Ogli Mamatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Heads Of State ◽  
Made In

Analyzing the achievements and results of the past period, we can see that cooperation between the Central Asian states is entering a new stage at a time when multilateral cooperation around the world is in crisis and mutual trust is declining. In a historically short period, unprecedented progress has been made in relations between Central Asian states. Most importantly, important and mutually beneficial agreements have been reached on the use of borders and water resources, which were previously an obstacle to the development of regional cooperation. At the initiative of our President, new mechanisms of cooperation have been established. Examples of this are the Consultative Meetings of Central Asian Heads of State, the establishment of inter-parliamentary groups, the Council for Cooperation in Border Regions, ministerial and interdepartmental commissions, and investment funds.

Women As Mothers and Grandmothers

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANGELA B. MCBRIDE ◽  
CHERYL PROHASKA SHORE
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
First Year ◽  
Role Development ◽  
Maternal Role ◽  
Traditional Family ◽  
The Past ◽  
Almost All ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Made In

This chapter analyzes the literature on women as mothers; research reports published between January 1985 and December 1999 were reviewed. As in the past, almost all of the extant studies analyzed the experience of mothers in their children’s first year of life. Although therapeutic suggestions were made in many studies, relatively few interventions have been implemented and evaluated. More studies are needed that go beyond traditional family forms and that explore mothers’ role development over the full course of their children’s growth and development. Additional longitudinal research that views maternal role development as a process is indicated.

scholarly journals Editorial

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. v-vii
Author(s):  
Michael R. M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
First Year ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

My first year as editor of Boyhood Studies has flown by. I am really pleased with the issues we have put out since I came on board and the progress we have made in terms of the quality, rigor, and consistency of submissions. I think it is important as an interdisciplinary international journal that we continue to represent work in the field from multiple perspectives. Before I turn to outline this issue in detail, I want to briefly highlight the exciting plans we have coming up for out next two issues (13.2 and 14.1), which will both be special issues focusing on the work of one of the leading masculinities scholars of the past 30 years, Raewyn Connell.

COCONUT PRODUCTS AND THEIR DIVERSIFICATION INDIAN EXPIERIENCE

CORD ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
P.K. THAMPAN
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Product Diversification ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
R And D ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Made In

The primary processing of coconut products is a popular activity in the major coconut growing states of India. Traditionally, coconut is processed at the farm leve] for conversion into copra and for the extraction of coir fibre. This activity has promoted oil milling and coir processing which are, presently, the most popular coconut based industries in India. In some states, particularly in Kerala, toddy tapping and the production of toddy‑based alcoholic beverages, vinegar, jaggery etc. arc also important activities with significant contribution to the annual income of the concerned states. Apart from the traditional utilisation of coconut palm products, product diversification and by­product utilisation have not received the required fillip in the past in the absence of appropriate R and D support. The importance of developing viable technologies for the efficient utilisation of all the products of the palm both at the primary and secondary stages, has received recognition only for a short period during the early sixties and, subsequently, during the eighties after the Coconut Development Board was established. The recent achievements made in the development of appropriate technologies which have proved to be technically and economically viable related to the production of milk/cream, edible flour, water based beverages and other miscellaneous food and non food products.

The Origin of the Moon and its Relationship to the Origin of the Solar System

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold C. Urey
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

During the last 10 years, the writer has presented evidence indicating that the Moon was captured by the Earth and that the large collisions with its surface occurred within a surprisingly short period of time. These observations have been a continuous preoccupation during the past years and some explanation that seemed physically possible and reasonably probable has been sought.

Wing lengths of Clamorous Reed Warblers Acrocephalus stentoreus in Israel

Ring ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
John Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Wing Length ◽  
First Year ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Reed Warbler ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Acrocephalus Scirpaceus ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
A Site ◽  
Made In ◽  
New Discovery

Wing lengths of Clamorous Reed Warblers Acrocephalus stentoreus in Israel Wing length measurements taken from first-year, pre- and post-moulting (annual, complete) Clamorous Reed Warblers were recorded at a site in northern Israel. The resulting data set was examined using a time-series of residuals (CUSUM). Results from this analysis can explain the reported heterogeneity found in a comparable data set by Merom et al. (1999). Further observations made in their paper are rebutted: (1) an implied assumption that Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus scirpaceus) spring migration in Israel ends by 1 May is contrary to other publications; (2) the late autumn occurence in N Israel of longer-winged 1st cal. yr. Reed Warblers, unconvincingly explained as either delayed migration by larger individuals or post fledging feather growth, is most likely due to birds from different provenances origins moving at different seasons; (3) growth during adulthood in Reed Warbler is not a new discovery, though presented as such.

South Asian Developmental Crisis (Review Article)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Rafiq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Integrated Theory ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Second World ◽  
Made In

Like nations and civilizations, sciences also pass through period of crises when established theories are overthrown by the unpredictable behaviour of events. Economics is passing through such a crisis. The challenge thrown by the Great Depression of early 1930s took a decade before Keynes re-established the supremacy of economics. But this supremacy has again been upset by the crisis of poverty in the vast under-developed world which attained political independence after the Second World War. Poverty had always existed but never before had it been of such concern to economists as during the past twenty five years or so. Economic literature dealing with this problem has piled up but so have the agonies of poverty. No plausible and well-integrated theory of economic development or under-development has emerged so far, though brilliant advances have been made in isolated directions.

Mass Spectrometry Techniques: Principles and Practices for Quantitative Proteomics

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco J. Rotello ◽  
Timothy D. Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proteome Level ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Made In

: In the current omics-age of research, major developments have been made in technologies that attempt to survey the entire repertoire of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites present within a cell. While genomics has led to a dramatic increase in our understanding of such things as disease morphology and how organisms respond to medications, it is critical to obtain information at the proteome level since proteins carry out most of the functions within the cell. The primary tool for obtaining proteome-wide information on proteins within the cell is mass spectrometry (MS). While it has historically been associated with the protein identification, developments over the past couple of decades have made MS a robust technology for protein quantitation as well. Identifying quantitative changes in proteomes is complicated by its dynamic nature and the inability of any technique to guarantee complete coverage of every protein within a proteome sample. Fortunately, the combined development of sample preparation and MS methods have made it capable to quantitatively compare many thousands of proteins obtained from cells and organisms.

Evidence-based Assessment

2010 ◽  
pp. 76-98
Author(s):  
John Hunsley ◽  
Eric J. Mash
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
The Many ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Evidence-based assessment relies on research and theory to inform the selection of constructs to be assessed for a specific assessment purpose, the methods and measures to be used in the assessment, and the manner in which the assessment process unfolds. An evidence-based approach to clinical assessment necessitates the recognition that, even when evidence-based instruments are used, the assessment process is a decision-making task in which hypotheses must be iteratively formulated and tested. In this chapter, we review (a) the progress that has been made in developing an evidence-based approach to clinical assessment in the past decade and (b) the many challenges that lie ahead if clinical assessment is to be truly evidence-based.

scholarly journals 145. Monthly Antibiotic Prescribing Peer Comparison Combined with In-person Education Decreases Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S83-S83
Author(s):  
Shelby J Kolo ◽  
David J Taber ◽  
Ronald G Washburn ◽  
Katherine A Pleasants
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Primary Care Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Acute Respiratory Infections ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Intervention Period ◽  
Provider Education

Abstract Background Inappropriate antibiotic prescribing is an important modifiable risk factor for antibiotic resistance. Approximately half of all antibiotics prescribed for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in the United States may be inappropriate or unnecessary. The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to evaluate the effect of three consecutive interventions on improving antibiotic prescribing for ARIs (i.e., pharyngitis, rhinosinusitis, bronchitis, common cold). Methods This was a pre-post analysis of an antimicrobial stewardship QI initiative to improve antibiotic prescribing for ARIs in six Veterans Affairs (VA) primary care clinics. Three distinct intervention phases occurred. Educational interventions included training on appropriate antibiotic prescribing for ARIs. During the first intervention period (8/2017-1/2019), education was presented virtually to primary care providers on a single occasion. In the second intervention period (2/2019-10/2019), in-person education with peer comparison was presented on a single occasion. In the third intervention period (11/2019-4/2020), education and prescribing feedback with peer comparison was presented once in-person followed by monthly emails of prescribing feedback with peer comparison. January 2016-July 2017 was used as a pre-intervention baseline period. The primary outcome was the antibiotic prescribing rate for all classifications of ARIs. Secondary outcomes included adherence to antibiotic prescribing guidance for pharyngitis and rhinosinusitis. Descriptive statistics and interrupted time series segmented regression were used to analyze the outcomes. Results Monthly antibiotic prescribing peer comparison emails in combination with in-person education was associated with a statistically significant 12.5% reduction in the rate of antibiotic prescribing for ARIs (p=0.0019). When provider education alone was used, the reduction in antibiotic prescribing was nonsignificant. Conclusion Education alone does not significantly reduce antibiotic prescribing for ARIs, regardless of the delivery mode. In contrast, education followed by monthly prescribing feedback with peer comparison was associated with a statistically significant reduction in ARI antibiotic prescribing rates. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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