Politics In Central Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Parvezjon Ismoil Ogli Mamatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Investment Funds ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Heads Of State ◽  
Made In

Analyzing the achievements and results of the past period, we can see that cooperation between the Central Asian states is entering a new stage at a time when multilateral cooperation around the world is in crisis and mutual trust is declining. In a historically short period, unprecedented progress has been made in relations between Central Asian states. Most importantly, important and mutually beneficial agreements have been reached on the use of borders and water resources, which were previously an obstacle to the development of regional cooperation. At the initiative of our President, new mechanisms of cooperation have been established. Examples of this are the Consultative Meetings of Central Asian Heads of State, the establishment of inter-parliamentary groups, the Council for Cooperation in Border Regions, ministerial and interdepartmental commissions, and investment funds.

scholarly journals Common communicable diseases in the general population in France during the COVID-19 pandemic

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258391
Author(s):  
Titouan Launay ◽  
Cécile Souty ◽  
Ana-Maria Vilcu ◽  
Clément Turbelin ◽  
Thierry Blanchon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
First Year ◽  
Search Query ◽  
The Past ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Periodic Regression ◽  
Made In

In France, social distancing measures have been adopted to contain the spread of COVID-19, culminating in national Lockdowns. The use of hand washing, hydro-alcoholic rubs and mask-wearing also increased over time. As these measures are likely to impact the transmission of many communicable diseases, we studied the changes in common infectious diseases incidence in France during the first year of COVID-19 circulation. We examined the weekly incidence of acute gastroenteritis, chickenpox, acute respiratory infections and bronchiolitis reported in general practitioner networks since January 2016. We obtained search engine query volume for French terms related to these diseases and sales data for relevant drugs over the same period. A periodic regression model was fit to disease incidence, drug sales and search query volume before the COVID-19 period and extrapolated afterwards. We compared the expected values with observations made in 2020. During the first lockdown period, incidence dropped by 67% for gastroenteritis, by 79% for bronchiolitis, by 49% for acute respiratory infection and 90% for chickenpox compared to the past years. Reductions with respect to the expected incidence reflected the strength of implemented measures. Incidence in children was impacted the most. Reduction in primary care consultations dropped during a short period at the beginning of the first lockdown period but remained more than 95% of the expected value afterwards. In primary care, the large decrease in reported gastroenteritis, chickenpox or bronchiolitis observed during the period where many barrier measures were implemented imply that the circulation of common viruses was reduced and informs on the overall effect of these measures.

COCONUT PRODUCTS AND THEIR DIVERSIFICATION INDIAN EXPIERIENCE

CORD ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (02) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
P.K. THAMPAN
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Product Diversification ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Annual Income ◽  
R And D ◽  
The Past ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Made In

The primary processing of coconut products is a popular activity in the major coconut growing states of India. Traditionally, coconut is processed at the farm leve] for conversion into copra and for the extraction of coir fibre. This activity has promoted oil milling and coir processing which are, presently, the most popular coconut based industries in India. In some states, particularly in Kerala, toddy tapping and the production of toddy‑based alcoholic beverages, vinegar, jaggery etc. arc also important activities with significant contribution to the annual income of the concerned states. Apart from the traditional utilisation of coconut palm products, product diversification and by­product utilisation have not received the required fillip in the past in the absence of appropriate R and D support. The importance of developing viable technologies for the efficient utilisation of all the products of the palm both at the primary and secondary stages, has received recognition only for a short period during the early sixties and, subsequently, during the eighties after the Coconut Development Board was established. The recent achievements made in the development of appropriate technologies which have proved to be technically and economically viable related to the production of milk/cream, edible flour, water based beverages and other miscellaneous food and non food products.

The Origin of the Moon and its Relationship to the Origin of the Solar System

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 133-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold C. Urey
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

During the last 10 years, the writer has presented evidence indicating that the Moon was captured by the Earth and that the large collisions with its surface occurred within a surprisingly short period of time. These observations have been a continuous preoccupation during the past years and some explanation that seemed physically possible and reasonably probable has been sought.

South Asian Developmental Crisis (Review Article)

1973 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Rafiq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
Integrated Theory ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Second World ◽  
Made In

Like nations and civilizations, sciences also pass through period of crises when established theories are overthrown by the unpredictable behaviour of events. Economics is passing through such a crisis. The challenge thrown by the Great Depression of early 1930s took a decade before Keynes re-established the supremacy of economics. But this supremacy has again been upset by the crisis of poverty in the vast under-developed world which attained political independence after the Second World War. Poverty had always existed but never before had it been of such concern to economists as during the past twenty five years or so. Economic literature dealing with this problem has piled up but so have the agonies of poverty. No plausible and well-integrated theory of economic development or under-development has emerged so far, though brilliant advances have been made in isolated directions.

Mass Spectrometry Techniques: Principles and Practices for Quantitative Proteomics

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco J. Rotello ◽  
Timothy D. Veenstra
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Complete Coverage ◽  
The Past ◽  
Proteome Level ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Made In

: In the current omics-age of research, major developments have been made in technologies that attempt to survey the entire repertoire of genes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites present within a cell. While genomics has led to a dramatic increase in our understanding of such things as disease morphology and how organisms respond to medications, it is critical to obtain information at the proteome level since proteins carry out most of the functions within the cell. The primary tool for obtaining proteome-wide information on proteins within the cell is mass spectrometry (MS). While it has historically been associated with the protein identification, developments over the past couple of decades have made MS a robust technology for protein quantitation as well. Identifying quantitative changes in proteomes is complicated by its dynamic nature and the inability of any technique to guarantee complete coverage of every protein within a proteome sample. Fortunately, the combined development of sample preparation and MS methods have made it capable to quantitatively compare many thousands of proteins obtained from cells and organisms.

Evidence-based Assessment

2010 ◽  
pp. 76-98
Author(s):  
John Hunsley ◽  
Eric J. Mash
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The Past ◽  
Specific Assessment ◽  
The Many ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Made In

Evidence-based assessment relies on research and theory to inform the selection of constructs to be assessed for a specific assessment purpose, the methods and measures to be used in the assessment, and the manner in which the assessment process unfolds. An evidence-based approach to clinical assessment necessitates the recognition that, even when evidence-based instruments are used, the assessment process is a decision-making task in which hypotheses must be iteratively formulated and tested. In this chapter, we review (a) the progress that has been made in developing an evidence-based approach to clinical assessment in the past decade and (b) the many challenges that lie ahead if clinical assessment is to be truly evidence-based.

The Role of Histones and Heparin in Sepsis: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 088506662199232
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Zhang ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Extracellular Histones ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽  
Development And Management ◽  
Made In

Septic shock with multiple organ failure is a devastating situation in clinical settings. Through the past decades, much progress has been made in the management of sepsis and its underlying pathogenesis, but a highly effective therapeutic has not been developed. Recently, macromolecules such as histones have been targeted in the treatment of sepsis. Histones primarily function as chromosomal organizers to pack DNA and regulate its transcription through epigenetic mechanisms. However, a growing body of research has shown that histone family members can also exert cellular toxicity once they relocate from the nucleus into the extracellular space. Heparin, a commonly used anti-coagulant, has been shown to possess life-saving capabilities for septic patients, but the potential interplay between heparin and extracellular histones has not been investigated. In this review, we summarize the pathogenic roles of extracellular histones and the therapeutic roles of heparin in the development and management of sepsis and septic shock.

Some Experiments on the Extra-Corporeal Hatching of the Eggs of Ascaris suum

1939 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Very Old ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pancreatic Fluid ◽  
Sand Cultures ◽  
Made In

Numerous attempts have been made in the past to induce the eggs of Ascaris suum to hatch outside the body of the host. Extra-corporeal hatching has been observed under a variety of conditions by different workers. Kondo (1920, 1922), Asada (1921) and others record hatching in water, charcoal and sand cultures. Wharton (1915) states that hatching will occur in alkaline digestive juices, while Martin (1913) records a similar phenomenon in pancreatic fluid. Many different explanations have been offered to explain this hatching. Wharton suggested that the interaction of algae and sand might have some effect. Ohba (1923), who found that hatching would occur in 0·2% hydrochloric acid and 0·2% sodium carbonate believed that extra-corporeal hatching was limited to very old cultures of eggs. Many workers are of the opinion that some stimulus normally present in the digestive tract is necessary for hatching.

scholarly journals Through what mechanisms do protected areas affect environmental and social outcomes?

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1681) ◽  
pp. 20140267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Ferraro ◽  
Merlin M. Hanauer
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Causal Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Made In

To develop effective protected area policies, scholars and practitioners must better understand the mechanisms through which protected areas affect social and environmental outcomes. With strong evidence about mechanisms, the key elements of success can be strengthened, and the key elements of failure can be eliminated or repaired. Unfortunately, empirical evidence about these mechanisms is limited, and little guidance for quantifying them exists. This essay assesses what mechanisms have been hypothesized, what empirical evidence exists for their relative contributions and what advances have been made in the past decade for estimating mechanism causal effects from non-experimental data. The essay concludes with a proposed agenda for building an evidence base about protected area mechanisms.

Formation, translocation and resolution of Holliday junctions during homologous genetic recombination

1995 ◽  
Vol 347 (1319) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Holliday Junctions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
E Coli ◽  
The Past ◽  
Endonucleolytic Cleavage ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

Over the past three or four years, great strides have been made in our understanding of the proteins involved in recombination and the mechanisms by which recombinant molecules are formed. This review summarizes our current understanding of the process by focusing on recent studies of proteins involved in the later steps of recombination in bacteria. In particular, biochemical investigation of the in vitro properties of the E. coli RuvA, RuvB and RuvC proteins have provided our first insight into the novel molecular mechanisms by which Holliday junctions are moved along DNA and then resolved by endonucleolytic cleavage.

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