scholarly journals Effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide on composition of the intestinal flora in mice with acute endometritis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259570
Author(s):  
Binhong Hu ◽  
Yuqing Dong ◽  
Wenjing Zhou ◽  
Yichuan Ma ◽  
Luyao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Medicinal Fungus ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus Polysaccharide ◽  
Factor Α

Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide (IOP) is a large molecule extracted from Inonotus obliqus, a medicinal fungus, which has a wide range of biological activities and has been shown to be associated with inflammation. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether IOP can help to reduce acute endometritis by regulating intestinal flora. We observed pathological changes in mice with endometritis following treatment with IOP and evaluated changes in the levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and further studied the effects of IOP on the intestinal flora of endometritis mice using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that IOP improved the condition of uterine tissues and reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Meanwhile, the 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that IOP could regulate the changes in intestinal microflora at the level of genera, possibly by changing the relative abundance of some genera.

scholarly journals Role of ICAM-1 in the aggregation and adhesion of human alveolar macrophages in response to TNF-α and INF-γ

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuriko Namioka ◽  
Takefumi Ito ◽  
Noriko Izumiyama ◽  
Shin Fukui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Surface Expression ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inflammatory Granuloma ◽  
Fibrotic Lung Disease ◽  
Factor Α

Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-mediated cell-cell adhesion is thought to play an important role at sites of inflammation. Recent evidence suggests that ICAM-1 surface expression on alveolar macrophages is increased in pulmonary sarcoidosis and that inflammatory granuloma formation is characterized by the aggregation of macrophages. The present study shows that ICAM-1 expression is significantly elevated on alveolar macrophages from patients with sarcoidosis in response to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon- γ (INF-γ) compared with healthy controls. Aggregation and adhesion were significantly increased in alveolar macrophages treated with TNF-α and INF-γ, and significantly inhibited in those pretreated with a monoclonal antibody to ICAM-1. Similarly, aggregation and adhesion were inhibited in macrophages treated with heparin, which then exhibited a wide range of biological activities relevant to inflammation. These results suggested that the surface expression of ICAM-1 on alveolar macrophages in response to TNF-α and INF-γ is important in mediating aggregation and adhesion. Additionally, heparin may be useful for developing novel therapeutic agents for fibrotic lung disease.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Inonotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom) Polysaccharides: Isolation, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activities and Application

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1441
Author(s):  
Yangpeng Lu ◽  
Yanan Jia ◽  
Zihan Xue ◽  
Nannan Li ◽  
Junyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus Polysaccharide ◽  
Future Work

Inonotus obliquus (Chaga mushroom) is a kind of medicine and health food widely used by folk in China, Russia, Korea, and some occidental countries. Among the extracts from Inonotus obliquus, Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOPS) is supposed to be one of the major bioactive components in Inonotus obliquus, which possesses antitumor, antioxidant, anti-virus, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic activities. In this review, the current advancements on extraction, purification, structural characteristics, and biological activities of IOPS were summarized. This review can provide significant insight into the IOPS bioactivities as their in vitro and in vivo data were summarized, and some possible mechanisms were listed. Furthermore, applications of IOPS were reviewed and discussed; IOPS might be a potential candidate for the treatment of cancers and type 2 diabetes. Besides, new perspectives for the future work of IOPS were also proposed.

scholarly journals Advances in Studies on the Pharmacological Activities of Fucoxanthin

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 634
Author(s):  
Han Xiao ◽  
Jiarui Zhao ◽  
Chang Fang ◽  
Qi Cao ◽  
Maochen Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
Small Molecular Weight ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Organ Fibrosis ◽  
Active Can

Fucoxanthin is a natural carotenoid derived mostly from many species of marine brown algae. It is characterized by small molecular weight, is chemically active, can be easily oxidized, and has diverse biological activities, thus protecting cell components from ROS. Fucoxanthin inhibits the proliferation of a variety of cancer cells, promotes weight loss, acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, interacts with the intestinal flora to protect intestinal health, prevents organ fibrosis, and exerts a multitude of other beneficial effects. Thus, fucoxanthin has a wide range of applications and broad prospects. This review focuses primarily on the latest progress in research on its pharmacological activity and underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Wild specimens of sand fly phlebotomine Lutzomyia evansi, vector of leishmaniasis, show high abundance of Methylobacterium and natural carriage of Wolbachia and Cardinium types in the midgut microbiome

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael J. Vivero ◽  
Marcela Villegas-Plazas ◽  
Gloria E. Cadavid-Restrepo ◽  
Claudia Ximena Moreno Herrera ◽  
Sandra I. Uribe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractPhlebotomine sand flies are remarkable vectors of several etiologic agents (virus, bacterial, trypanosomatid Leishmania), posing a heavy health burden for human populations mainly located at developing countries. Their intestinal microbiota is involved in a wide range of biological and physiological processes, and could exclude or facilitate such transmission of pathogens. In this study, we investigated the Eubacterial microbiome from digestive tracts of Lu. evansi adults structure using 16S rRNA gene sequence amplicon high throughput sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) obtained from digestive tracts of Lu. evansi adults. The samples were collected at two locations with high incidence of the disease in humans: peri-urban and forest ecosystems from the department of Sucre, Colombia. 289,068 quality-filtered reads of V4 region of 16S rRNA gene were obtained and clustered into 1,762 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 97% similarity. Regarding eubacterial diversity, 14 bacterial phyla and 2 new candidate phyla were found to be consistently associated with the gut microbiome content. Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were the most abundant phyla in all the samples and the core microbiome was particularly dominated by Methylobacterium genus. Methylobacterium species, are known to have mutualistic relationships with some plants and are involved in shaping the microbial community in the phyllosphere. As a remarkable feature, OTUs classified as Wolbachia spp. were found abundant on peri-urban ecosystem samples, in adult male (OTUs n = 776) and unfed female (OTUs n = 324). Furthermore, our results provide evidence of OTUs classified as Cardinium endosymbiont in relative abundance, notably higher with respect to Wolbachia. The variation in insect gut microbiota may be determined by the environment as also for the type of feeding. Our findings increase the richness of the microbiota associated with Lu. evansi. In this study, OTUs of Methylobacterium found in Lu. evansi was higher in engorged females, suggesting that there are interactions between microbes from plant sources, blood nutrients and the parasites they transmit during the blood intake.

scholarly journals The capability of minor quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids to inhibit TNF-α secretion and cyclooxygenase activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hošek ◽  
Kristýna Šebrlová ◽  
Petra Kaucká ◽  
Ondřej Peš ◽  
Eva Táborská
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Benzophenanthridine Alkaloids ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Sanguinarine And Chelerythrine

Quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids are known to have a wide range of biological effects, including antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antitumour activities. However, only sanguinarine and chelerythrine have been studied intensively. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of the five minor quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids sanguilutine, sanguirubine, chelirubine, chelilutine, and macarpine in vitro and to compare them with more thoroughly studied sanguinarine and chelerythrine. Before making cell-based assays, the cytotoxicity of the alkaloids was evaluated. The anti-inflammatory potential of the chosen alkaloids was evaluated as for their ability to modulate the lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the macrophage-like cell line THP-1. The cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities were also measured. The results indicate that the presence of a methylenedioxy ring attached at carbon (C)7-C8 is important for reducing the secretion of TNF-α. Interestingly, this effect did not show a simple dependence on concentration. The selected alkaloids showed little or no anti-COX activity. The results obtained from the present experiments may provide additional information useful in understanding the structure-to-activity relationship of the quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids. The anti-inflammatory potential and the cytotoxic effect are driven by the presence of a methylenedioxy ring attached at C7-C8 and C2-C3, respectively.

Functional Evaluation of anti-TNF-α Antibody Molecules in Biochemical Detection and Inhibition to Signalling Pathways of a Synovial Cell

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiji Shibasaki ◽  
Miki Karasaki ◽  
Kiyoshi Matsui ◽  
Tsuyoshi Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Synovial Cell ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Synovial Cells ◽  
Affibody Molecules ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biochemical Detection ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Background: An affibody molecule obtained from a bioengineered staphylococcal protein was previously shown to act as an affinity binder for a wide range of targets and to develop tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α-binding clones). Methods: In this study, we demonstrated that affibody molecules against TNF-α could bind to recombinant TNF- on the membrane for a biochemical detection. In addition, we examined whether the affibody molecules could block binding between recombinant TNF-α and its receptor on MH7A synovial cells. Results: When a TNF-α-binding affibody was added, the production level of inflammatory mediators IL-6 and MMP-3 in MH7A were found to decrease up to 44%. Additionally, proliferation of synovial cells was also inhibited by addition of TNF-α to the cultivation media. Conclusion: These results suggest that affibody molecules against TNF-α could be candidate molecules for the detection of TNF- during biochemical analysis and pharmacotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis

scholarly journals Neolitsea aciculata Essential Oil Inhibits Drug-Resistant Skin Pathogen Growth and Propionibacterium acnes-Induced Inflammatory Effects of Human Monocyte Leukemia

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Suk Kim ◽  
Jung Eun Kim ◽  
Chang-Gu Hyun ◽  
Nam Ho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Human Monocyte ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

This study examined the chemical composition of Neolitsea aciculata essential oil (NAE) and its biological activities. NAE was obtained by hydrodistillation of N. aciculata leaves collected in Jeju Island and analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometer detector. 1-Dodecen-3-yne (12.5%), calarene (11.5%) and elemol (9.5%) were identified as the major components of NAE. The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of NAE against skin pathogens were examined to determine the protective properties against acne vulgaris. NAE exhibited moderate to strong antibacterial activity against drug-susceptible and -resistant Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, which are known as acne-causing bacteria. In addition, NAE reduced the P. acnes-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in THP-1 cells, highlighting its anti-inflammatory effects. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of NAE also revealed moderate antioxidant properties (IC50, 21.3 μL/mL). Overall, NAE is an attractive candidate as an ingredient in skin care products.

scholarly journals Immune modulation of macrophage response by Cordyceps militaris extracts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seoyoon Choi ◽  
Ahran Song ◽  
Yoonjin Park ◽  
Jinkwan Kim ◽  
Boyong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cordyceps Militaris ◽  
Macrophage Response ◽  
Inflammatory Stress ◽  
Medicinal Fungus ◽  
Macrophage Phagocytosis ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Backgrounds: Cordyceps militaris is a well-known medicinal fungus. Cordycepin, a metabolite of this fungus, has strong biological activities against leukemia, oxidative stress, aging, tumors, and inflammation. Methods: HPLC analysis was conducted to measure the content of corydycepin in the extract. Real time PCR was performed to evaluate the cytokines. Immunoactivity including the polarization, phagocytic activity and cellular differentiations were evaluated by flow cytometry. Results: The yields of cordycepin and adenosine in the extract were 11.75 µg and 1.25 µg (per gram fresh mycelium), respectively. From measurements of the bioactivity in the extract, the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were found to be approximately 4 and 48 times higher than those in the control, as shown by qRT-PCR. However, cells treated with 1 µg/mL of the extract showed 13 and 10-fold lower TNF-α and IL-1β levels when compared to LPS-treated cells. This was corroborated by flow-cytometry, where their levels were 20 and 14 times lower, respectively. Addition of the extract to LPS-treated cells enhanced M2 polarization and attenuated M1 polarization. In addition, the extract also dose-dependently activated macrophage phagocytosis. Under treatment with the extract conditioned medium, DCs were strongly differentiated toward CD11b+ and Xcr1+ cells as their density were 13.6 and 6.26 times higher than those in the LPS conditioned medium, respectively. Moreover, the number of Treg and NKT cells differentiated in the extract conditioned medium were increased about 1.67 and 6.73 times than those in the LPS conditioned medium, respectively. Conclusions: These results suggest that the C. militaris hydrolytic extract has strong effects on the modulation of immune actors, such as macrophages and dendritic cells, under inflammatory stress.

scholarly journals Duality of Interactions Between TGF-β and TNF-α During Tumor Formation

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-wei Liu ◽  
Yi-ming Zhang ◽  
Li-ying Zhang ◽  
Ting Zhou ◽  
Yang-yang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Β ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Wide Range

The tumor microenvironment is essential for the formation and development of tumors. Cytokines in the microenvironment may affect the growth, metastasis and prognosis of tumors, and play different roles in different stages of tumors, of which transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are critical. The two have synergistic and antagonistic effect on tumor regulation. The inhibition of TGF-β can promote the formation rate of tumor, while TGF-β can promote the malignancy of tumor. TNF-α was initially determined to be a natural immune serum mediator that can induce tumor hemorrhagic necrosis, it has a wide range of biological activities and can be used clinically as a target to immune diseases as well as tumors. However, there are few reports on the interaction between the two in the tumor microenvironment. This paper combs the biological effect of the two in different aspects of different tumors. We summarized the changes and clinical medication rules of the two in different tissue cells, hoping to provide a new idea for the clinical application of the two cytokines.

Anti-inflammatory Effects of Canthin-6-one Alkaloids from Ailanthus altissima

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (08) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Kye Cho ◽  
Miran Jeong ◽  
Dae Jang ◽  
Jung-Hye Choi
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ailanthus Altissima ◽  
Akt Phosphorylation ◽  
Chemotactic Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Key Enzyme ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Factor Α

AbstractCanthin-6-one (CO) alkaloids possess various biological activities, including antibacterial, antitumor, antifungal, and antiviral activities. However, their anti-inflammatory effects and underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly characterized. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of CO and its derivative 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)-canthin-6-one (5-HCO), isolated from the stem barks of Ailanthus altissima in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. CO (1 and 5 µM) and 5-HCO (7.5 and 15 µM) significantly inhibited the LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. In addition, CO (1 and 5 µM) and 5-HCO (15 µM) markedly suppressed the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and expression of cyclooxygenase-2, a key enzyme in PGE2 synthesis, in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, CO treatment significantly reduced monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression, whereas 5-HCO inhibited MCP-1, but not TNF-α expression. Both CO and 5-HCO inhibited the phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa B and transcriptional activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In addition, CO, but not 5-HCO, markedly reduced Akt phosphorylation. Taken together, these data suggest that CO, but not 5-HCO with a hydroxyethyl moiety on the D ring, has potent anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated macrophages through the downregulation of both the NF-κB and the Akt pathway.

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