scholarly journals An update on the ornamental fish industry in Malaysia: Aeromonas hydrophila-associated disease and its treatment control

2021 ◽  
pp. 1143-1152
Author(s):  
Norashikin Anjur ◽  
Siti Fatimah Sabran ◽  
Hassan Mohd Daud ◽  
Nor Zalina Othman
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Major Producer ◽  
Fish Industry

Malaysia is the world's major producer and exporter of ornamental fish, contributing 9% to the global trade and taking the second position after Singapore. Because of their artistic appeal and tremendous commercial value for international trade, ornamental fish recently gain rapid importance for foreign exchange and as a source of employment. While ornamental fish production is growing, there is an increase in infectious diseases, resulting in high fish mortality with significant economic loss. Bacterial disease is a serious problem for ornamental fish industry. Bacterial species surveillance in diseased freshwater ornamental fish from an aquarium shop reveals that Aeromonas hydrophila is the most dominant bacteria isolated. Consequently, Malaysia is stepping up its efforts by implementing the Economic Transformation Program and other biosecurity steps to address the aquaculture issues and encourage the regrowth of the ornamental fish market. Chemotherapeutic medications, phytobiotics, probiotics, yeast extracts, vaccines, and disinfectants can be used in controlling bacteria. Further studies should be done to find new antibacterial agents from natural sources to combat bacterial fish diseases and reduce fish mortality rate in sustainable aquaculture farms. This review summarizes the literature on ornamental fish industries and aquaculture production in relation to A. hydrophila-associated diseases and ornamental fish health management in Malaysia.

scholarly journals The Isolation DNA Chromosomal DNA from Local Isolate of Aeromonas hydrophila Bacteria from East Java

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Retno Sri Wahjuni ◽  
M. Gandul Atik Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Dna Purification ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Chromosomal Dna ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Antigenic Protein ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Improved Sanitation

Aeromoniasis is a bacterial disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila that affects fish and shrimps in ponds and aquariums. This is an ulcer disease that causes petechiae in scales of fish and may be fatal. It can cause economic loss if it is not treated with medication accompanied with improved sanitation. It affects numerous freshwater fish farms in East Java. A previous study has characterized an antigenic protein derived from the outer membrane protein of A. hydrophila. In order to perform sequencing of the DNA coding for this protein, we first conducted a study for isolating DNA fragments of A. hydrophila via four stages: cultivation and harvesting of bacterial cells, cell lysis, DNA purification, and the concentration of chromosomal DNA. The results will be used as a predictive immunogenic determinant by the method by Kolaskar and Tongaonkar. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, chromosomal DNA, immunogenic determinant

The effect of vaccination in controling bacterial disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2014 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Arne A Ratulangi ◽  
Reiny Tumbol ◽  
Hengky Manoppo ◽  
Henneke Pangkey
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia

This study aims to apply vaccination against bacterial disease. The purpose of vaccination is to trigger the immune respone both non-specific and specific of fish against bacteria Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) caused by Aeromonas hydrophila. The vaccination for fish with different ages: 2-3 weeks and 5 weeks were done using immersion method. The fish were re-vaccinated (booster) after two weeks of the first vaccination. The survival rate was < 50 % for juveniles 2-3 weeks and > 50% for juveniles 5 weeks. Survival rate for juveniles 5 weeks was higher than juveniles of 2-3 weeks. This shows that organs of juveniles of 5 weeks were more complete than the 2-3 weeks juveniles. The age of fish is one of the important factors for successfully vaccination. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penerapan vaksinasi terhadap penyakit bakterial. Vaksinasi ditujukan untuk merangsang respon kekebalan non- spesifik dan spesifik pada tubuh ikan terhadap penyakit Motile Aeromonas Septicaemia (MAS) yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila. Vaksin diberikan pada benih ikan nila yang berbeda umur yaitu 2-3 minggu dan 5 minggu dengan menggunakan metode perendaman. Ikan divaksinasi ulang (booster) setelah 2 (dua) minggu dari vaksinasi yang pertama. Prosentase kelangsungan hidup < 50 % untuk benih umur 2-3 minggu dan > 50% untuk benih umur 5 minggu. Jumlah kematian benih umur 2-3 minggu lebih tinggi dari 5 minggu. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa fungsi organ benih umur 5 minggu telah lebih lengkap dari pada benih umur 2-3 minggu. Umur ikan merupakan salah satu faktor penting penentu keberhasilan suatu kegiatan vaksinasi.

scholarly journals STUDI BACILLUS FIRMUS SEBAGAI KANDIDAT PROBIOTIK DALAM MENGHADAPI Aeromonas hydrophila PADA MEDIA BUDIDAYA The Study of Bacillus firmus as Probiotic Candidate in Supressing Aeromonas hydrophila in Culture Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Alfabetian Harjuno Condro Haditomo ◽  
Angela Mariana Lusiastuti ◽  
Widanarni Widanarni
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Bacillus Firmus ◽  
Culture Methods

ABSTRAK   Pengendalian penyakit bakterial yang umum dilakukan dengan pemakaian antibiotik atau  bahan kimia sudah tidak diperbolehkan lagi karena menimbulkan patogen yang resisten  terhadap bahan kimia tersebut, terlebih jika penggunaan tidak sesuai dengan anjuran yang diberikan. Dampak negatif terhadap kesehatan konsumen berupa residu antibiotik juga menjadi pertimbangan yang harus diperhatikan. Manipulasi terhadap populasi mikroba yang berada di perairan guna pencegahan sebelum terjadinya serangan bakteri yang bersifat mematikan perlu dilakukan sebagaimana konsep probiotik sebagai biokontrol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji kandidat probiotik dalam menekan atau menghambat bakteri patogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Penelitian ini dilaksananakan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah tahap pengujian bakteri kandidat probiotik secara in vitro menggunakan metode zona hambat dan kultur bersama pada media agar.  Tahap kedua adalah uji tentang bakteri kandidat probiotik dengan patogen pada media budidaya. Hasil terbaik penelitian tahap pertama pada  uji kultur bersama antara kandidat probiotik B. firmus dengan A. hydrophila pada skala in vitro adalah dengan penambahan probiotik  B. firmus sebanyak 108 cfu/ml. Sedangkan pada penelitian tahap kedua didapatkan hasil berturut-turut perlakuan D dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup (SR) mencapai 90%, perlakuan C dengan SR 75%, perlakuan A dengan SR 50% dan perlakuan K dengan SR 50%.   Kata kunci: Bacillus firmus, probiotik, Aeromonas hydrophila, media budidaya   ABSTRACT  Controlling bacterial disease with the use of antibiotics or chemicals is no longer allowed as it results in pathogens that are resistant to the chemicals, especially when not in accordance with the recommendations provided. The negative impactsof the antibiotics residues on the consumers’ health  also need to be considered. Manipulation of microbial populations present in the waters as preventation before the lethal attack of bacteria needs to be done which is in accordance with the concept of probiotics as biocontrol.The purpose of this study was to test the probiotic candidates in suppressing or inhibiting pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila. This study was conducted in two stages. The first stage was to test a candidate probiotic bacteria in vitro using culture methods and inhibition zone on the media together. The second stage wasto test candidate probiotic bacteria to pathogens on the cultivation media. The best results in the first phase of the research is shared culture test between probiotic candidate B. FIRMUS with A. hydrophila on vitro scale is the addition of the probiotic B. FIRMUS 108 cfu / ml. While in the second phase of the research results obtained successively: treatment D with a survival rate (SR) reaches 90%, treatment C with SR 75%, treatment A with SR 50% and treatment K with SR 50%. Keywords: Bacillus FIRMUS, probiotics, Aeromonas hydrophila, media cultivation

scholarly journals Opportunistic Bacteria Isolated from Trypauchen Vagina Fish that Infected with Protozoan from Iraq Marine Water

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Al-Shammari
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Microsporidian Parasite ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria

Opportunistic bacteria are microorganisms that have been isolated from a host suffering from stress as a result of parasitic infestation. In this study, two bacterial species, namely Aeromonas hydrophila and Rhizobium radiobacter, were isolated from Trypauchen vagina fish that were infected with Microsporidian parasite cysts from Iraqi marine waters. The infection were mass implanted in the internal and external skeletal muscles and under the gill cover. Many symptoms of bacterial infection were observed in the fish, including flatulence with haemorrhagic fluids, skin disscolouration blackening, separation of crusts, and deformities in the area. The two bacterial species were characterised morphologically and identified using Vitek II system (Biomerieux - USA). To control infection, antibiotic susceptibility was performed using six antibiotics: nalidixic acid, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline and amoxicillin, both bacteria showed high antibiotic resistance. Identification of opportunistic bacteria has a pivotal role in preventing stress factors in fish, treating infections and alleviating their impact on other aquatic organisms.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study Rearing of Oryzias sp. from Tunda Island, Indonesia, Under Laboratory Condition

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Muh. Herjayanto ◽  
Annisa Misykah Mauliddina ◽  
Esa Rama Widiyawan ◽  
Nugroho Agung Prasetyo ◽  
Lukman Anugrah Agung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Condition ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Hatching Process ◽  
Preliminary Study

Oryzias sp. from Tunda Island, Indonesia has the potential as a model organism in laboratories and also ornamental fish. Basic information regarding maintenance during adaptation post-transportation from its habitat in nature, embryo incubation and maintenance of larvae is needed as a basis for breeding activities. The results showed that Oryzias sp. from Tunda Island can adapt, spawning and produce a total 262 eggs (diameter 0.88-1.02 mm) in a controlled environment. Eggs from spawning in nature begin to hatch on the 11th incubation day, the hatching peak occurs on the 13th day with a hatching process 4-9 days at 25-27oC. The hatching rate ranges from 57.14-100% and the survival of 5 days old lavae after hatching is 72.72-100.00%. The transportation technique in this study has not been able to suppress fish mortality during post-transportation rearing.    

scholarly journals Value Chain Analysis of Marine Ornamental Fish Industry in the Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-74
Author(s):  
Frederick Muyot ◽  
◽  
Maria Theresa M. Mutia Mutia ◽  
Arvie Joy Manejar ◽  
Gency Guirhem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Value Chain Analysis ◽  
Chain Analysis ◽  
Fish Industry

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from freshwater ornamental fish, guppy showing bacterial disease

Biologia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1055-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasannan Geetha Preena ◽  
Arathi Dharmaratnam ◽  
Nithianantham Sundar Raj ◽  
Thaliyil Veetil Arun Kumar ◽  
Shanmuganathan Arun Raja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern

scholarly journals Bacterial flora associated with diseased freshwater ornamental fish

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Walczak ◽  
Krzysztof Puk ◽  
Leszek Guz
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Citrobacter Freundii ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Aeromonas Veronii ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Diseased Fish ◽  
Shewanella Baltica ◽  
Tof Ms

AbstractIntroduction:Ornamental fish can suffer from different bacterial diseases. Among them the most prevalent are infections caused byAeromonas, Shewanella, Citrobacter, Plesiomonas, Edwardsiella, andPseudomonas.But there is a broad spectrum of rarely identified bacteria which may be causative agents of diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the species of bacteria pathogenic for fish which are prevalent in aquariums.Material and Methods:Bacteria were isolated from infected ornamental fish from pet shops and private aquariums in the Lublin region in 2015 and classified to species using MALDI-TOF MS.Results:A total of 182 isolates from ornamental fish were identified. The most frequent bacteria found in diseased fish wereAeromonas veronii(30.8% of total number of strains),A. hydrophila(18.7%),Shewanella putrefaciens(7.1%),Citrobacter freundii(7.1%),Pseudomonas spp. (7.1%),Shewanella baltica(4.9%), andPlesiomonas shigelloides(3.3%).Conclusion:Isolated bacterial species are facultative pathogens for fish and humans and may be isolated from fish without apparent symptoms of the disease.

scholarly journals Aeromonas hydrophila infection induces Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) and associated downstream signaling in Indian catfish, Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1822)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12411
Author(s):  
Chinmayee Muduli ◽  
Anutosh Paria ◽  
Ranjana Srivastava ◽  
Gaurav Rathore ◽  
Kuldeep K. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
Indian Catfish ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2

Motile Aeromonas septicaemia (MAS), caused by Aeromonas hydrophila, is one of the most significant bacterial disease responsible for mortality in Indian catfish, Clarias magur, a potential aquaculture species in the Indian subcontinent. In fish, innate immunity elicited by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) plays an important role in providing protection against bacterial infection. Information on PRRs including Toll-like receptors (tlrs) and their response to bacterial pathogens remains unexplored in magur. Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2), a phylogenetically conserved germ-line encoded PRR recognizes specific microbial structure and trigger MyD88-dependent signaling pathway to induce release of various cytokines responsible for innate immune response. In the present study, tlr2 gene of magur was characterized and downstream signaling was studied following challenge with A. hydrophila. The full-length cDNA of magur tlr2 (mtlr2) comprised of 3,066 bp with a single open reading frame of 2,373 bp encoding 790 amino acids having a theoretical pI value of 6.11 and molecular weight of 90 kDa. Structurally, it comprised of signal peptide (1–42aa), one leucine-rich repeat region (LRR) at N-terminal (LRR1-NT: 50–73 aa) and C-terminal (LRR-CT: 588–608 aa), twenty LRRs in between, one trans-membrane (Tm) domain (609–631aa) followed by cytoplasmic TIR domain (670–783aa). Phylogenetically, mtlr2 is closely related to pangasius and channel catfish. Highest basal expression of mtlr2, myd88 and il-1β in spleen, nf-kb in anterior kidney was observed. Lowest basal expression of mtlr2 in skin and myd88, nf-kb and il-1β in muscle was detected. Significant up-regulation of mtlr2 and downstream expression occurred at 3, 8, 24 h post infection to A. hydrophila in important immune organs such as liver, spleen, intestine and kidney. These findings highlight the vital role of tlr2 in eliciting innate immune defence against A. hydrophila infection.

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