scholarly journals OSOBENNOSTI STRUKTURNOY ORGANIZATsIISUSTAVNOGO KhRYaShchA v zavisimosti ot stadii gonartroza

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. I. BORODIN ◽  
M. S. LYuBARSKIY ◽  
N. R. MUSTAFAEV ◽  
N. P. BGATOVA
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intercellular Matrix ◽  
Local Destruction ◽  
Medical Diagnostic ◽  
Lipids Accumulation

The purpose - revealing of features of the structural organization of the articulate cartilage of a knee joint at patients with various stages of arthrosis. Materials and methods. Morphological researches of an articulate cartilage are visited at 52 patients with various stages of gonarthrosis. The control group was made by 5 men and 5 women in the age of from 18 till 25 years with traumatic damages of components of a knee joint. The basic group was made by 42 persons. On a stage of gonarthrosis patients have been divided into 2 subgroups: 23 patients with 1-2 stage and 19 patients with 2-3 stage of gonarthrosis. The histological material for research has been received at performance medical-diagnostic arthroscopies a knee joint. Results. It is noted, that morphological changes in an articulate cartilage at gonarthrosis are connected with change of density intercellular matrix and, depending on a stage of process, of chondrocyte dystrophy, necrosis and apoptosis are took place. In cytoplasm of chondrocyte there is a decrease in concentration of cytoplasmic organelles, lipids accumulation and electron density inclusions. Conclusion. The most expressed structural changes in the articulate cartilage, connected with local destruction of chondrocytes, lipids and electron density inclusions accumulation are noted at patients with 2-3 stage of gonarthrosis.

scholarly journals THE COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NEPHROTOXICITY OF DOXORUBICIN AND NANOSTRUCTURED DOXORUBICIN IN CONDITIONS OF TRANSPLANTABLE CARCINOGENESIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
I. N. Chairkin ◽  
N. V. Chairkina ◽  
O. N. Deryabina ◽  
V. Y. Medvezhonkov ◽  
O. V. Kalmin
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Comparative Morphological Analysis ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

The study was carried out on 120 mongrel white laboratory rats, to whom were transplanted the ascitiс Zaidel's hepatoma and which were divided into three equal groups. Of these, the first group of animals was a control group without treatment. In the second group, to animals doxorubicin was injected, in the third group, nanostructured doxorubicin was injected to the animals for 21 days. The aim of the study was to assess the degree of morphological changes in the tubules and glomeruli of the kidneys under the influence of nanostructured doxorubicin and doxorubicin in the condition of transplantable carcinogenesis. Given the nephrotoxicity of the chemotherapy drugs studied, the dynamics of structural changes in the tubules and glomeruli of the kidneys was studied. Conducted a comparative morphological evaluation of the changes occurring in the kidneys. The results of a morphological study of the structural components of the kidneys prove that doxorubicin and nanostructured doxorubicin have different effects on both the tubular apparatus and the glomeruli of the kidneys in the condition of transient carcinogenesis. The use of doxorubicin is accompanied by a relatively pronounced nephrotoxic effect, which is indicated by dystrophic and necrobiotic changes in the epithelium of convoluted tubules and the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys. The use of nanostructured doxorubicin is limited to moderately expressed dystrophic changes in the epithelium of the tubular apparatus of the kidneys, the glomerular apparatus remains intact at the same time. Thus, the use of the preparation of nanostructured doxorubicin for the treatment of the ascitic hepatoma of Zaidel in experimental animals has a less pronounced toxic and damaging effect on the renal parenchyma.

scholarly journals Renoprotective Effects of Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon on Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Seyed Mehrdad Kassaee ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽  
Ebrahim Abbasi Oshaghi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Cinnamon Extract

Background: Herbal medicine is used in all parts of the world mainly for prevention and treatment of various disorders due to better cultural suitability, lower cost and less side effects. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the hypoglycemic and kidney-protective effects of the aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon on diabetic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, rats were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: Group 1: control group in which animals received chow diet, group 2: diabetic rats, group 3: diabetic rat + 2% T. foenum extract (w/w), group 4: diabetic rat + 8% of Trigonella foenum extract (w/w), group 5: diabetic rat + 2% Cinnamon extract (w/w) and group 6: diabetic rat + 8% of Cinnamon extract (w/w). Aqueous extract of T. foenum leaves and Cinnamon were administered to diabetic rats for 4 weeks. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and total antioxidant capacity were also measured in kidney of the animals. In addition, morphological changes of the kidney were also analyzed by the light microscope. Results: Trigonella foenum and Cinnamon extract in diabetic animals significantly reduced MDA levels and restored antioxidant capacity (P<.05). T. foenum and Cinnamon also normalized plasma urea and creatinine concentration in diabetic rats (P<.05). Administration of T. foenum and Cinnamon extract especially at the dose of 8 mg/kg normalized histopatholgical changes of kidney in diabetic animal. Conclusions: The findings of this experiment showed that T. foenum extract and Cinnamon restored antioxidant capacity and structural changes of kidney.

Certain chorioretinal parameters of the eye in congenital and acquired myopia and their relationship with anatomical and optical parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
E. P. Tarutta ◽  
R. R. Khubieva ◽  
G. A. Markosyan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomograph

Purpose: to assess the thickness of the central region of the retina and choroid, the layer of nerve fibers in the macular and peripapillary regions, the density of the superficial and deep plexus of the retina and the choroid in congenital and acquired myopia and see how they are related with the refraction and axial length of the eye.Material and methods. 33 patients aged 6 to 16 (averagely, 12.07 ± 3.09 years) were divided into 3 groups: 1) with congenital myopia (23 eyes), 2) with acquired myopia (9 eyes), and 3) the control group with emmetropia (20 eyes). Chorioretinal and hemodynamic parameters were determined using an RS-3000 Advance 2 spectral optical coherence tomograph (Nidek, Japan). Correlation analysis was performed using Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r).Results. Structural changes in the sensory and vascular membranes of the eye were revealed in both myopic groups as compared to the control group. Of the two clinical groups, more severe structural disorders were found in congenital myopia. Hemodynamic parameters revealed abnormalities in the deep retinal layers, as well as in the choriocapillary layer. The comparative analysis showed that morphological changes in the posterior pole have a stronger correlation with anatomical parameters as compared to optical ones.Conclusion. Optical coherence tomography is an informative method of differential diagnosis, monitoring, and prognostication of changes in the posterior pole in myopia.

scholarly journals МОРФОЛОГІЧНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА СТРУКТУРНИХ КОМПОНЕНТІВ ХРЯЩОВОГО ПОКРИТТЯ КОЛІННОГО СУГЛОБА НА УЛЬТРАСТРУКТУРНОМУ РІВНІ В НОРМІ

World Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1(41)) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Войценко К. І. ◽  
Пальтов Є. В. ◽  
Кривко Ю. Я.
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Structural Organization ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Cellular Components

The work, presented below, aimed at studying the peculiarities of structural organization of the articular cartilage coating of the knee joint in the norm. The objective was achieved by microscopic visualization of cellular components of the articular cartilage. To obtain the microstructural materials we applied generally accepted, conventional methods.The results of the study will allow to form an ultrastructural base that can be further used for a comparative study of the structural components of the articular cartilage in norm as opposed to morphological changes of some elements in different stages of acute, subchronic and chronic experimental opioid exposure.

scholarly journals Morphological Changes in Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands During the Reparative Osteogenesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
E. I. Shurygina ◽  
V. S. Polyakova ◽  
V. A. Mikhanov
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Zone ◽  
Functional Activity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Parathyroid Glands ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
C Cells ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Reparative Osteogenesis

The aim of the research is to study the dynamics of structural and functional changes in the thyroid and parathyroid glands during reparative osteogenesis. Material and methods. The study was performed on 40 adult males rat of the Wistar line, weighing 180.0±10.0 g. A model of an open fracture of the tibial diaphysis was used in the experimental group. The control group was intact. Structural changes in bone callus, thyroid and parathyroid glands were studied using immunohistochemistry methods, light microscopy, morphometry and statistics. Results. The proliferative and functional activity of the major endocrinocytes of the parathyroid glands is increased in the initial periods of reparative osteogenesis, resulting in an increasing of osteoclastic activity with resorption of bone fragments in the fracture zone. From 21th day of osteogenesis the functional activity of the parathyroid glands is reduced, the activity of the C-cells of the thyroid gland is activated; then the functional activity of C-cells is decreased. Conclusion. The observed changes in the synthetic and proliferative activity of C-cells and parathyrocytes have a certain time interval, which correlates with the histogenesis of bone tissue in the fracture zone.

Structural and Morphological Changes in the Liver Due to Intestinal Endotoxins

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Malev ◽  
Anna N. Zakharova ◽  
Vitalii B. Kaliberdenko ◽  
Tatyana A. Fominykh ◽  
Shanmugaraj Kulanthaivel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potent Inducer ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Oxidation Stress ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products

Background: Under normal physiological conditions, endotoxin (ET) released during self-renewal of the colibacillus pool is an obligate stimulus for the formation of the immune system and homeostasis of the body. Violation of the barrier function of the intestinal wall and the mechanisms of neutralization of endotoxin lead to systemic endotoxemia of intestinal origin. Its development is facilitated by stress, intoxication, a decrease in nonspecific resistance of the body, as well as damage to the intestinal mucosa and dysbiosis, where the mucous membrane is more vulnerable and permeable to endotoxin. Purpose of the Research: The aim of this study is to compare and assess the severity and nature of hepatocyte damage from endotoxin exposure and the degree of manifestation of stress due to oxidation, to determine the characteristics of structural changes in hepatocytes and to assess the oxidation stress during endotoxin intoxication in the experiment with biochemical markers. Materials and Methods: The experiments were conducted on 40 non-linear rats, divided into two groups of 20 animals. Group 1 animals received intraperitoneal injections of ET of Escherichia coli drug (Sigma USA K-235) for seven days at a rate of 0.1 mg/kg of the body weight. Animals of the second group served as the control group. Character and stage of liver damage were studied using morphological methods, including electron and light microscopy. In studying oxidizing stress, biochemical methods were used to define the changes, such as conjugated dienes and dienketones, spontaneous oxidizing modification of proteins. Results and Conclusion: 1. The severity and depth of morphological changes in the liver during endotoxin intoxication were correlated with the dynamics of the content of lipid oxidation products (CD and DK, MDA) and proteins. There was a tendency for a more significant increase in the oxidative modification of proteins in serum. This confirms the data on the primary damage of proteins by free radicals. 2. When exposed to intestinal microflora endotoxin, pronounced dyscirculatory changes, fatty and hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes with signs of toxic damage to their nuclei were determined, but at the same time, the increased hyperplastic activity of sinusoidal cells remained associated with the effects of endotoxin. These changes are associated with both the direct toxic effect of endotoxin, and the effects of oxidative stress, in which endotoxin is a potent inducer.

The dynamics of structural changes of rat kidney with acute tubular necrosis in rats treated by cell therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (32) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Бибаева ◽  
Larisa Bibaeva ◽  
Дзахова ◽  
Galina Dzakhova ◽  
Цуциева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tubular Necrosis

Histological examination of Wistar line rats kidneys showed that intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol (0,8 ml per 100 gram of body weight) causes the development of acute renal failure which is characterized by violation of the main processes of ureagenesis such as filtration and reabsorbtion. Proteinuria and uremia were also noted. Besides, the expressed morphological changes of kidneys tissue were detectedin all tested animals. The examined group of animals with transplantation of the mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) received from a human placenta was characterized by less expressed morphological changes of kidneys in comparison with control group and tended to normalization of kidneys function and their histology.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF LONG TUBULAR BONES OF MATURE RATS UNDER THE HYPERGLYCEMIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2052-2059
Author(s):  
Alina O. Ponyrko ◽  
Valentyna I. Bumeister ◽  
Serhii M. Dmytruk ◽  
Olha S. Yarmolenko ◽  
Tetiana P. Teslyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tubular Bones

The aim: To evaluate morphological changes in long tubular bones of mature rats under the influence of experimental hyperglycemia. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 140 nonlinear white male rats divided into two groups. The experimental group included rats that were introduced into a state of hyperglycemia by a single intraperitoneal injection of an alloxan dihydrate solution at a dose of 150 mg / kg body weight in 0.9% sodium chloride. The control group included rats that were injected with a similar volume of 0.9% sodium chloride one time intraperitoneally. The animals were taken out of the experiment on the 2nd, 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th, 150th and 180th day. Right and left femur and humerus were studied by morphometric and histological methods. Results: Under conditions of prolonged uncontrolled hyperglycemia in mature rats, there is a slowdown in the growth rate of length and thickness of femur and humerus. This is indicated by a significant decrease in the length of bone and its diaphyses, as well as by a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the diaphysis, the width of the proximal and distal epiphyses, starting from 120 and 90 days of the experiment, respectively. The relative area of trabecular tissue, thickness of trabeculae and epiphyseal cartilage decreases in comparison with animals of the control group. The diameter of osteons and their channels increases in cortical tissue. Changes in the microarchitecture of the trabecular and cortical compartments of femur and humerus under conditions of hyperglycemia are similar and are characterized by a reduced bone mass, bone disorder progression and remodeling disorders. Conclusions: Prolonged uncontrolled experimental hyperglycemia leads to slow growth of femur and humerus in mature rats, which is accompanied by an increase in microarchitecture disorder of the trabecular and cortical compartments, causing miniaturization of bones and, consequently, violation of their biomechanical properties and increased risk of fractures.

Structural changes in uterine tissues after uterine artery embolization in patients with leiomyoma complicated by uterine bleeding

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
G P Titova ◽  
M M Damirov ◽  
L S Kokov ◽  
O N Oleynikova ◽  
G E Belozerov
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Artery Embolization ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Artery Embolization ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Uterine Tumors

Uterine leiomyoma (UL) is often complicated by the development of uterine bleeding. In urgent gynecology for the implementation of endovascular hemostasis, uterine artery embolization (UAE) is used. Performing UAE allows to stop and/or significantly reduce the intensity of bleeding and prepare a patient for surgical intervention. At the same time, the morphological changes that occur in uterine tissues in operated UL patients after performing the UAE are not studied. The aim was to study the peculiarities of pathomorphological changes in uterine tumors and tissues in operated UL patients complicated by uterine bleeding after performing UAE. Material and methods. The results of morphological changes appearing in tumors and tissues of the uterus in 39 operated UL patients, who were used for stopping uterine bleeding, were analyzed. Results. After applying different types of embolizing agents in macroscopic study of the uterus, signs of ischemia of its tissues were revealed, and the most pronounced disorders were detected in the UL nodes. Morphologically it was established that UAE microemboli resulted in vessel occlusion with increasing thrombosis in their distal sections. UAE was not accompanied by occlusal occlusion of the arteries and resulted in small-scale necrosis of the tumor with complete regeneration of the endometrium. Conclusions. The results of the morphological study showed that after the UAE was performed, the myomatous nodes underwent dystrophic, necrobiotic and necrotic changes. Depending on the nature of occlusion of the uterine arteries, various variants of necrosis (scale and completeness of the process) developed in the tumor tissue, which was aseptic in nature.

PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOME SALTS 2-AMINOETHANESULFONIC ACID IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF DEGENERATIVE SPINAL CORD INJURY

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Semeleva E.V. ◽  
Blinova E.V. ◽  
Zaborovsky A.V. ◽  
Vasilkina O.V. ◽  
Shukurov A.S.
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Zinc Salt ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Acid Compound ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

In this work, we studied the pharmacological activity of zinc and magnesium salts of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid in white non-linear male rats with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, which was modeled by neurotoxicantsimplication into the pelvic part of spinal cord. After the reproduction of the pathology in animals, the indices of motor activity were recorded in the Rotarod test, and morphological studies of spinal cord sections stained according to Nisl in the Belshovsky modification were carried out. It was shown that the magnesium salt of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid (compound LHT-317) to a greater extent reduces the development of motor disorders in experimental animals compared with the control group on the 4th day of observation. The course of intravenous administration of the studied compounds of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid did not inhibit morphological changes in the spinal cord that develop in degenerative-dystrophic pathology of the central nervous system: connections. Moreover, if, against the background of treatment with zinc salt, the total area of motor zones in animals of the experimental group exceeded that of control rats, then the number of motoneurons did not differ from the control.

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