scholarly journals Material comparison of dynamic cornering fatigue test (iso3006) for automotive wheel rim

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Faramarz Bagherzadeh ◽  
Sundeep Murugesan ◽  
Priyam Deka
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Vehicle Performance ◽  
Wheel Rim ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Comprehensive Test ◽  
Drive Axle ◽  
Subsequent Improvement

With the technological advancement in the automotive sector, the vehicles are crossing their limits in every aspect. Hence, the subsequent improvement related to the wheel and braking of the vehicle is very crucial as the wheel carries the whole weight of the vehicle in dynamic and harsh environmental conditions. ISO-3006 is a comprehensive test for wheel standardization, and the dynamic cornering fatigue test is a part of this standard. This test investigates the wheel fatigue under bending torque. When a car turns, the bending moment is applied to the wheel via drive axle. In this paper, we investigate the test on a designed wheel with five different materials via ANSYS software. As the wheel weight has a direct impact on vehicle performance, selecting lighter materials is extremely important. The result of this research indi-cates the area of maximum fatigue stresses, and also it provides a comparison between five popular materials for the wheel rim considering the fatigue life and weight of the wheel. Finally, it is shown that carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) has the most fatigue strength con-cerning its lightweight.

State of Stress of Castellated Beams with Circular Apertures under Distributed Load and Pure Bending

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 521-528
Author(s):  
Alexej I. Pritykin
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Empirical Dependence ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Pure Bending ◽  
Equivalent Stresses ◽  
Distributed Load ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Von Mises ◽  
Von Mises Stresses

The regularities of stress distribution in perforated beams with circular apertures under distributed load and pure bending. Such beams are made of different materials: carbon fiber is used in aircraft for these purposes, and steel is used in construction. Beams with different perforation parameters were considered and an empirical relation was obtained for equivalent von Mises stresses in castellated beams near the apertures’ outlines based on the analysis of FEM calculations. In this paper, beams made of C345 steel were considered. It is established that the maximum values ​​of equivalent stresses near apertures under different loading types vary along the beam length in proportion to the values ​​of the bending moment. The values ​​of stress concentration coefficients for the pure bending are determined depending on the perforation parameters. The acceptability of the obtained empirical dependencies for equivalent stresses was verified using the FEM calculations based on the ANSYS software package. There is a good correlation between the results of FEM calculations and empirical dependence.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Analysis of Steel Structure Bent Frame Column Bearing Transverse Concentrated Force at the Top in Factory Buildings

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1664
Author(s):  
Chunbao Li ◽  
Lina Wang ◽  
Yongmei Weng ◽  
Pengju Qin ◽  
Gaojie Li
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Nonlinear Analysis ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Theoretical Formula ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Concentrated Force ◽  
Variable Section ◽  
Factory Building

The steel bent frame structure of single-story factory buildings is actually a spatial structure system. Different bent frame columns are connected with the roof of bent frame structure, making the columns work and bearing the load together. In the steel frame of the factory building with bridge cranes below 20 t, variable-section columns with corbels are used to bear the crane load. In this article, the steel bent frame column of single-story factory buildings was taken as the research object. The bent frame column was simplified as a cantilever variable stepped column bearing a transverse concentrated force at the top. After simplifying the model, the theoretical formula of deflection, rotating angle, and bending moment of the compression rod was put forward. Moreover, bending deformation and stability of variable stepped columns were analyzed in order to obtain the theoretical and practical formula, then the ANSYS software was used to simulate the bent column.

Dynamic and Static Study on Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Mixing Pile Composite Foundation

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 612-615
Author(s):  
Gui Lin Sheng ◽  
Ya Ge Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Axial Stress ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Composite Foundation ◽  
Single Pile ◽  
Ultimate Capacity ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Length And Area ◽  
Pile Length

The axial stress and axial displacement distribution curves of reinforced mixing single pile are researched by ANSYS software; and the differences of the single pile ultimate capacity of reinforced mixing pile between different core pile length and area replacing ratio are analyzed; It compared and analyzed envelope diagrams of bending moment and shear of reinforced mixing pile in different core pile length and area replacing ratio under seismic response. Some conclusions which may be of some value for design and construction of reinforced mixing pile composite foundation are drawn

scholarly journals Design Analysis of a Portable Manual Tyre Changer

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1307-1318
Author(s):  
Ovundah King Wofuru-Nyenke
Keyword(s):  
Bending Moment ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Torsional Moment ◽  
Standard Size ◽  
Tube Size ◽  
Mechanical Advantage ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Wheel Rim ◽  
Cost Of Materials ◽  
The Cost

In this paper, an efficient, affordable, and portable manual automobile tyre changing tool was designed. The tool operates on the principle of second-class levers, where the load to be overcome is situated between the fulcrum and the effort point. The mechanical advantage (MA) of the bead breaker arm and pry bar assembly of the tool was determined to be 11.5. The standard tube size of the bead breaker arm that can withstand stress due to bending moment was determined to be a 2” (50mm) diameter Schedule 80 steel tube. Also, the dimensions of the standard hexagonal bolts to be used at the fulcrum and load point of the bead breaker arm are M12 × 1.5 × 75 mm, while the standard size of hexagonal nuts to be used with the bolts is M12 × 1.5 mm with a height of 10mm. Moreover, the mechanical advantage (MA) of the mount/demount arm and pry bar assembly of the tool was determined to be 5.22. Also, by comparing the angles of twist of two sizes of the mount/demount arm when the tool is used in mounting or demounting a tyre on a 16” × 7” wheel rim, the standard size of the mount/demount arm that can withstand stresses due to bending moment and torsional moment was determined to be a 60mm × 60mm × 5mm square tube. The cost of materials needed to fabricate the tyre changer summed up to ₦21,000. Ergo, the design provides an alternative portable and relatively affordable tyre changing tool that can be afforded by tyre technicians across Nigeria, and other developing or underdeveloped countries.

scholarly journals Weight reduction of a carbon fibre composite wheel

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-346
Author(s):  
Stefan Czypionka ◽  
Frank Kienhöfer
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Aluminium Wheel

AbstractThe wheel of a passenger vehicle must be designed to be safe and light. Despite the tremendous potential of carbon fibre as an automotive material due to high strength and low weight, the prevalence of carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRPs) in vehicle wheels is limited. Manufacturing and testing CFRP prototypes is expensive. Thus it is advantageous to develop simulation models for composite weight reduction. The simulation models can provide insight into how lighter CFRP wheels can be designed. This study presents the design development of a CFRP wheel for a high-performance roadster; the CFRP wheel is offered by an automotive manufacturer as a high-performance option instead of aluminium wheels. Finite element (FE) simulations were initially conducted assuming an isotropic material. This initial model was used to eliminate stress concentrations and to design and manufacture an initial CFRP wheel. The CFRP wheel weight is 6.8 kg as compared to the original aluminium wheel which weighs 8.1 kg. This initial design passed the dynamic cornering fatigue test (the most stringent strength test for wheels). Thereafter the wheel was instrumented with strain gauges and a bending moment was applied to the hub using a custom-built test rig. The test rig produced a static load equivalent to the dynamic cornering fatigue test (in which the applied bending moment varies sinusoidally). The test rig allowed for the deflection of the load arm to be measured. The comparison of the experimentally measured strains and an FE model which includes the CFRP laminate properties showed good agreement. Two alternative laminate options were simulated using the FE model. These showed both an increase in stiffness and a calculated weight reduction. This study shows that an aluminium wheel for a high-performance roadster can be redesigned using CFRP to be 16% lighter and using a FE model a further 152 g weight reduction is possible (18% weight reduction in total when compared to the aluminium wheel).

Application of Infrared Imaging Technology in Fatigue Failure Prediction of Vehicle Wheel in Wheel Bending Fatigue Test

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Chai ◽  
X. D. Liu ◽  
Y. C. Shan ◽  
J. G. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Fatigue Failure ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Time Prediction ◽  
Bending Fatigue Test

Bending fatigue test of vehicle wheel is the main test to verify the mechanics performance of spoke. The wheel is fastened to the bending fatigue test platform with bolts in the bending fatigue test. A cyclic bending moment is applied to the wheel, and after some number of cycles, fatigue failure will happen. In this paper, the bending fatigue test is carried out on a steel wheel and a wheel made of long glass fiber reinforced thermoplastic (LGFT) wheel, and infrared imager is used to monitor the temperature distribution and variation of wheels under bending loads in the test process. After the test, it is found that there are cracks at the highest-temperature spots. In addition, because some cracks of LGFT wheel are too tiny to be found, it’s convenient to search those cracks according to the high-temperature areas in infrared images. All above indicate that it is practicable to predict fatigue failure area by monitoring temperature distribution and variation in wheel bending fatigue test. A method for real-time prediction of fatigue failure area in wheel bending fatigue test is described in this paper, which is also helpful to real-time prediction of fatigue failure area in fatigue tests of other products.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BS 8110 AND EUROCODE 2 IN STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ANALYSIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 758-766
Author(s):  
CU Nwoji ◽  
AI Ugwu
Keyword(s):  
Structural Design ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Eurocode 2 ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
Relative Gains

This work was undertaken to compare the use of BS 8110 and Eurocode 2 in the design of structures and focused on outlining the relative gains and/or shortcomings of Eurocode 2 and BS 8110 under certain criteria which are loading, analysis, ease of use and technological advancement. To accomplish this, the analysis and design of the main structural elements in reinforced concrete building was undertaken using the two codes. A modest medium rise building was loaded using the two code and analyzed. Analysis was done using CSI start tedds to obtain the shear force and bending moment envelopes. For the beam, it was found that Eurocode 2 gave higher internal supports moments. For the case of maximum span moments and shear force values, the Euroode 2 values lagged behind. Column load and moments values were generally lower for Euroode 2. In summary, the comparative benefits of using Euroode 2 are that it is logical and organized, less restrictive and more extensive than the BS 8110. The new Eurocodes are claimed to be the most technically advanced code in the world and therefore should be adopted by Nigerian engineers. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i3.14

Concept for a Bistable Composite Twisting Structure

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Lachenal ◽  
Stephen Daynes ◽  
Paul Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Strain Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastic

A novel type of morphing twisting structure capable of large deformations is investigated. The structure consists of two flanges subject to a uniform distributed bending moment along their length and joined to introduce two stable twisted configurations. These equilibria are positioned symmetrically with regards to the vertical axis of the device and the structure can be twisted between these configurations by a snap-through action. By tailoring the design parameters of the structure, different twist angles and snap-through moments can be achieved. An analytical model and finite element model (FEM) are presented. A prototype made of carbon-fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) was manufactured and tested. Agreement in terms of angle of twist, axial force and stiffness is found. Moreover, comparison between the two models confirms their validity in terms of snap-through moment, torsional stiffness and strain energy levels. The influence of the lay-up employed and design parameter is also investigated. Potential applications include deployable and morphing structures.

Numerical Modelling of the Biaxial Fatigue Test of Aluminium Wheels

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Ballo ◽  
Giampiero Mastinu ◽  
Giorgio Previati ◽  
Massimiliano Gobbi
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Biaxial Test ◽  
Interface Surface ◽  
Biaxial Fatigue ◽  
Wheel Rim ◽  
Wheel Model

Abstract The paper is devoted to the numerical simulation of fatigue life of lightweight aluminium wheels subject to biaxial fatigue test. A numerical model based on finite elements is developed for the scope. The model receives as input the test load sequences and outputs the fatigue life of wheel. Two different methods for modelling the load transfer mechanism of the tyre have been analysed, i.e. how the tyre-drum contact forces are transferred to the wheel rim. The first method consists of a simple cosine loading function acting on a fixed arch of the wheel rim. The second method relies on a physical model of the tyre that is fixed at the tyre-rim interface surface; the computed reaction forces are fed as input to the wheel model. The fatigue life of the wheel is estimated by using the Palmgrem-Miner approach. Both the Sines fatigue criterion and the Papadopoulos critical plane with gradient effect criterion are used and the results are compared. Experimental tests have been performed on an actual wheel mounted on the biaxial test bench for a preliminary validation of the method.

scholarly journals Implant-abutment screw removal torque values between customized titanium abutment, straight titanium abutment, and hybrid zirconia abutment after a million cyclic loading: an in vitro comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Disayut Klongbunjit ◽  
Weerapan Aunmeungtong ◽  
Pathawee Khongkhunthian
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bending Moments ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Removal Torque ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Iso 14801

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to compare removal torque values after mechanical cyclic loading and bending moment after the static compression testing of customized titanium abutment compared with prefabricated and hybrid abutments. Materials and methods The study was developed according to ISO 14801:2016. Sixty implants were divided into three groups equally: Straight titanium abutment group, Customized titanium abutment group, and Hybrid zirconia abutment group. Abutments were fabricated with zirconia restoration. Forty five implants underwent for cyclic loading. The removal torque values were measured after a fatigue test was conducted at 0 cycles (control), 50,000 cycles and 1,000,000 cycles. In the second experiment, 15 implants were divided into the same groups. Then, bending moments were investigated. Results The mean initial removal torque value was significantly higher than 50,000 cycles and 1,000,000 cycles (P < 0.001). The comparison of mean removal torque value between types of abutments was not significantly different (P > 0.05), and the bending moments of all abutments were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Conclusions From the boundary of this in-vitro study, it could be concluded that customized titanium abutment and hybrid abutment were not significantly different in terms of removal torque values after the fatigue test. The bending moment between types of abutment were not significantly different. Thus, it could be concluded that abutment type does not significantly influence abutment stability or fracture strength.

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