scholarly journals Poetic Objectivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Andreas Weber

In this essay I will explore the possibility of an objective ecological ethics. To do this, I follow the embodied ethos of relationships: meaningful expression and mutual sharing occuring in living organisms and systems. Living beings on various levels of identity (cellular selves, individuals, and ecosystems) strive toward increased aliveness. They are self-healing, and generate meaningful relationships, all without the need or interference of human ethical thinking. Ecosystems tend toward complexity and organisms tend to avoid their own destruction. Both tendencies create “natural values” – values not extractable into abstraction, yet nonetheless fundamentally embodied in the actions of living beings and living systems. An ethics based on these principles (or insights) is inclusive in that it can be conceived as a sort of “poetic objectivity”. Here the ethically good is the increase in “aliveness”, which can be shared by other beings, and which is only possible as “being through the other”. Aliveness is ineffable and cannot be extracted analytically. Hence it is objective only in a poetic sense that can be shared through participation. An ethics of poetic objectivity leaves room to negotiate individual relationships and narratives while providing goodness as an encompassing context tuning into the degree of sharing and mutual inspiration to be more alive. The natural values generated by sharing transformative relationships produce the whole of nature as an “ethical commons”. Its principles can be instructive in reorganising human exchange on ethical and economical levels.

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 437-442
Author(s):  
Salvatore Di Bernardo ◽  
Romana Fato ◽  
Giorgio Lenaz

AbstractOne of the peculiar aspects of living systems is the production and conservation of energy. This aspect is provided by specialized organelles, such as the mitochondria and chloroplasts, in developed living organisms. In primordial systems lacking specialized enzymatic complexes the energy supply was probably bound to the generation and maintenance of an asymmetric distribution of charged molecules in compartmentalized systems. On the basis of experimental evidence, we suggest that lipophilic quinones were involved in the generation of this asymmetrical distribution of charges through vectorial redox reactions across lipid membranes.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽  
Besma Boubertakh

Pollution  represents  a  problem  common  to economy and  public  health. Indeed, the public health, because of the  divers’  type of pollutions, is facing divers challenges for which urgent solutions are required.The biology provides approaches not only to deal with the pollution, but also to  obtain  economic  benefits. Some living  organisms  have  particular metabolisms  that allow  them  to  assimilate  and  metabolite  the polluting agents  and thus reduce the  impact  they have on both environment  and public health.  On  the other  hand,  the  metabolic  properties  of  specific organisms make  the  polluting  elements raw materials to  synthesize  other elements that are benefits  for  economy  and  non-toxic  for  the  ecology and  the  biohealth. Yet, other options such as the regulations and laws are  required  to improve the efficiency of these approaches.


2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-268
Author(s):  
Wiesław Dyk

The discussion about the rights of animals is always up-to-date. The dichotomy division into philoanimalists and philohominists, although reasonable, is not satisfactory to everyone. It is too strongly associated with the division into people and things in Roman law. To avoid this association in the context of biocentric trends in ecological ethics, accomplishments of evolutionary psychology and the concept of animal welfare, it is suggested that a third moral dimension dealing with creatures with highly developed nervous system be introduced between moral objectivity of creatures with high perception and moral subjectivity of people - creatures characterized by self-awareness and reflexive awareness. Human beings on the one hand are responsible for recognizing their rights given by nature and on the other hand, they are obliged to create a law to protect themselves.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 58-74
Author(s):  
Raquel Marta

Sublinhando as formas fundamentais da subjectividade subjacentes à intervenção do assistente social, o presente artigo explora diferentes contributos para a ética no serviço social contemporâneo. O trabalho do filósofo alemão Fichte fornece-nos o ponto de partida para a incorporação da imaginação e da liberdade no pensar ético. O acto da invenção criativa não é um acto solitário, mas antes um acto animado na e pela relação com o Outro. Nesta relação, a atenção ao contexto, ao instante, ao acontecimento e à singularidade que contribuem para o pensar e o agir ético do assistente social são ainda considerados sob diferentes perspectivas. Underlining the fundamental forms of subjectivity implicit on the of social work intervention, this article explores different contributions to contemporary social ethics. The work of the German philosopher Fichte provides a starting point from which to incorporate imagination and freedom in ethical thinking. The act of creative invention is not a solitary act, but developed in and through the relation with the Other. In this relation, attention to the context, to the moment and uniqueness of the ethical event are also considered as contributes to the social worker ethical thinking and action.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kültiğin ÇAVUŞOĞLU ◽  
Tuğçe Kalefetoğlu Macar ◽  
Oksal MACAR ◽  
Dilek ÇAVUŞOĞLU ◽  
Emine YALÇIN

Abstract Living organisms are increasingly exposed to ultraviolet (UV) rays of solar radiation, both due to the thinning of the ozone layer and the widespread uses in sterilization processes. The present study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating the damages of UV-A and UV-C radiations in Allium cepa L. roots. Three groups were formed from Allium bulbs, one of which was the control group. One of the other groups was exposed to 254 nm (UV-C) and the other to 365 nm (UV-A) UV. Growth retardation effect of UV was investigated with respect to germination percentage, total weight gain and root elongation, while genotoxicity arisen from UV exposure analyzed using mitotic index (MI) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) including micronucleus (MN) frequency. Oxidative stress due to UV application was investigated based on the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the total activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes. Also, meristematic integrity of the UV treated roots was controlled. UV treatments caused significant changes in all parameters compared to the control, but all effects were much more prominent in 254 nm UV-exposed group. This study clearly revealed that UV exposure triggered growth inhibition, genotoxicity, oxidative stress and meristematic cell damages in A. cepa roots depending on the wavelength.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-832
Author(s):  
J. H. Comroe ◽  
R. D. Dripps

Our analysis showed . . . 41% of all work judged to be essential for later clinical advance was not clinically oriented at the time it was done. The scientists responsible for these key articles sought knowledge for the sake of knowledge. . . . Our data show that clinical advance requires different types of research and development and not one to the exclusion of the other. . . . Our data compel us to conclude (1) that a generous portion of the nation's biomedical research dollar should be used to identify and then provide long term support for creative scientists whose main goal is to learn how living organisms function, without regard to the immediate relation of their research to specific human diseases; and (2) that basic research, as we have defined it, pays off in terms of key discoveries almost twice as handsomely as other types of research and development combined.


Author(s):  
Yuanlai Fang ◽  
Juan Xue ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Li Yang ◽  
Shihua Dong ◽  
...  

Living organisms can self-heal wounds in their rigid and strong bodies via the growth of keloids. In contrast, it is still challenging for the current self-healing strategies to efficiently self-heal...


Author(s):  
Tatiana Prorokova

This chapter scrutinizes the complex relationship between climate change and theology, as represented in First Reformed, as well as Paul Schrader’s understanding of humanity’s major problems today. Analyzing the issue of ecological decline through the prism of religion, Schrader outlines the ideology that presumably might help humanity survive at the age of global warming. Through the complex discussions of such issues as despair, anxiety, and hope, Schrader deduces the formula of survival in which preservation is the key component. Equating humans to God, Schrader, on the one hand, censures those actions that led to progress but destroyed the environment, yet, on the other hand, he foregrounds the fact that humans can also save the planet now. Schrader portrays both humans and Earth as living organisms created by God. He draws explicit parallels between the current state of our planet and the problems that we experience – from political ones, including war, to more personal ones like health issues.


1868 ◽  
Vol 13 (64) ◽  
pp. 437-449
Author(s):  
Robert Dunn

Life and mind, in their abstract nature or essence alike inscrutable to us, are problems which belong to the same category; for, in this world, we know nothing of life apart from an organism, and we have no manifestations of mind independently of a brain and nervous system. Here living organisms are required for the display of the vital phenomena, and a brain and nervous system for the manifestations of mind. Life has accordingly been defined as “the collective expression for a series of phenomena which take place exclusively in bodies that are organized,” and “mind as the functional manifestations of the living brain.” But then, and at the outset, it is to be remembered that in affirming sensation, emotion, thought, and volition to be functions of the nervous system, what is really maintained is this, that the vesicular matter of the encephalic ganglia furnishes the material conditions—the medium through which these mental phenomena are made manifest in this life. It may indeed be asked, Are not the physical forces of external nature, which underlie all vital phenomena, and the changing states of consciousness which constitute our mental life, as inscrutable to us in their nature or essence as are life and mind ? and it must be conceded that they are. Matter and force are coexistent, and are correlative. Nor can we conceive of the one but in association with, by, and through the other, any more than we can conceive of life, in our present state of existence, apart from an organism, or of thought independently of a living brain.


Archaea ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bart de Koning ◽  
Fabian Blombach ◽  
Stan J. J. Brouns ◽  
John van der Oost

A key element during the flow of genetic information in living systems is fidelity. The accuracy of DNA replication influences the genome size as well as the rate of genome evolution. The large amount of energy invested in gene expression implies that fidelity plays a major role in fitness. On the other hand, an increase in fidelity generally coincides with a decrease in velocity. Hence, an important determinant of the evolution of life has been the establishment of a delicate balance between fidelity and variability. This paper reviews the current knowledge on quality control in archaeal information processing. While the majority of these processes are homologous in Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryotes, examples are provided of nonorthologous factors and processes operating in the archaeal domain. In some instances, evidence for the existence of certain fidelity mechanisms has been provided, but the factors involved still remain to be identified.


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