scholarly journals Will college promise programs improve or reduce equity? Understanding the contextual conditions that influence program implementation

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Laura W. Perna ◽  
Jeremy Wright-Kim ◽  
Elaine W. Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Recruitment Strategies ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
Academic Supports ◽  
Program Content ◽  
Eligibility Requirements

Although “free tuition” programs are politically popular, some worry that these programs will exacerbate inequity. Scholars note that program outcomes depend on implementation, but few have probed the contextual conditions that contribute to differences in implementation or the consequences of implementation for equity. To address this knowledge gap, we draw on conceptual models of implementation fidelity and case studies of last-dollar, free tuition programs at four community colleges. The consequences of an implemented program for equity depend on program content and coverage and are moderated by programmatic and organizational conditions. For the studied programs, implemented content includes the financial award and non-financial academic supports. Coverage is determined by eligibility requirements. Program content and coverage are moderated by programmatic characteristics, including program goals and placement in the organizational structure, program staffing, and recruitment strategies. Organizational conditions, including sources and availability of funding, availability of synergistic programs, capacity for data collection and evaluation, and perceptions of the community college also moderate implementation. The results inform understanding of how to implement programs at community colleges that increase equity in particular contexts.

scholarly journals Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices in Intergenerational Programming: A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 732-733
Author(s):  
Shannon Jarrott ◽  
Rachel Scrivano ◽  
Nancy Mendoza ◽  
Cherrie Park
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Intergenerational Programs ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Program Content ◽  
Intergenerational Programming

Abstract Intergenerational programs facilitate mutually beneficial interactions between youth and older adults, achieving an array of outcomes. With few exceptions, implementation factors rarely figure into outcome analyses, though researchers frequently gather data on factors influencing outcomes. The resulting practice-evidence gap may deter wide-spread adoption of intergenerational programming. We conducted a scoping review of 35 peer-reviewed articles (2000-2019) to map key concepts and evidence sources of empirically-supported practices impacting intergenerational program outcomes. A scoping review is appropriate when an area is complex, like intergenerational programs that incorporate diverse participants, content, and goals. Primarily qualitative studies involved programs equally likely to involve young, school-age, or post-secondary age youth and independent or frail older adults. Half had sample sizes under 50, frequently measuring both age groups. Implementation practices included co-learning and sharing personal stories. Program content (e.g., technology) and greater exposure amplified outcomes. Rigorous implementation research is needed to advance evidence-based intergenerational practice.

scholarly journals Strategi Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Melalui Pendidikan dan Pelatihan pada Kantor Dinas Tenaga Kerja Kota Makassar

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Putri Anna Nirwan
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Field Note ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Program Content ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
Principles Of Learning ◽  
And Training

This study aims to determine the strategy of developing human resources through education and training at the Makassar City Manpower Office. Using a qualitative descriptive approach. The main instrument in this study is the researcher himself using a cellphone, and using a field note that is by recording data related to research found in the field. Data collection was carried out by using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Analysis of the data used is data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The results showed that the strategy of developing human resources through education and training at the Makassar City Manpower Office was in a fairly good category, seeing the focus in this study, namely: 1) determining needs has been determined quite well, 2) determining targets that are in in the good enough category, 3) the determination of the program content is in the good enough category, 4) the principles of learning get pretty good results, 5) the implementation of the program gets pretty good results, 6) identification of the benefits of getting pretty good results, and 7 ) the evaluation of program implementation got quite good results

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PELATIHAN PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN KEMASAN PRODUK BATIK SEMANGGI SURABAYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Susi Hardjati ◽  
Muchlisiniyati Safeyah ◽  
Kalvin Edo Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Packaging Design ◽  
Analysis Technique

Semanggi batik is a typical batik of Surabaya City which has problems in increasing competitiveness, especially in the aspect of packaging quality. Therefore, a Semanggi batik product packaging design training program was implemented. The purpose of this training is to increase the understanding and skills of the semanggi batik craftsmens in developing product packaging designs. This article aims to measure and describe the effectiveness of the implementation of the packaging design development program for semanggi batik Surabaya products. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach with data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis. The results showed that the effectiveness of the implementation of the training program for the packaging design development of semanggi batik Surabaya products can be categorized as very high. This is because all aspects to measure the effectiveness of program implementation, such as compliance with implementation procedures, the degree of delivery of benefits to targets, the degree of change felt by target groups and differences between program outcomes and objectives have been optimally fulfilled. 

Outcomes of the Student Mentoring and Research Training (SMART) Program

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazmul Islam ◽  
Amy A. Weimer
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Graduate Student ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Undergraduate Student ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Research Training ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Student Mentors

Engaging undergraduate students in research not only improves discipline-specific knowledge and skillsets, but also exposes them to increased research-related career paths, and motivates their pursuit of graduate study. With an interest in increasing these outcomes among students, the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) developed the Student Mentoring and Research Training (SMART) program. The primary objective of the program was to provide an increasing number of undergraduate student (UG) research opportunities by building triadic teams comprised of (1) a faculty mentor, (2) a graduate student assistant, and (3) at least three undergraduate students. By utilizing graduate student mentors, in collaboration with faculty researchers, an increased number of undergraduates could benefit from participation in these experiential learning opportunities. SMART also encouraged graduate student professional development as each graduate student oversaw a research project and was responsible for mentoring the UGs over a five-week period of employment. Three professional development workshops were implemented for graduate mentors. Workshops focused on teaching graduate students best practices in teaching of research skills, and building motivation, teamwork, and leadership. Pre- and post-test surveys were used to assess program effectiveness. Findings are reported on SMART program outcomes, which include analyses of quantitative and qualitative data collected from undergraduate student mentees and graduate student mentors during the first year of program implementation.

Using Implementation Fidelity to Aid in Interpreting Program Impacts: A Brief Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 590-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather C. Hill ◽  
Anna Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Program Implementation ◽  
Student Outcomes ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Program Fidelity ◽  
Null Results ◽  
Size Type ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Poor program implementation constitutes one explanation for null results in trials of educational interventions. For this reason, researchers often collect data about implementation fidelity when conducting such trials. In this article, we document whether and how researchers report and measure program fidelity in recent cluster-randomized trials. We then create two measures—one describing the level of fidelity reported by authors and another describing whether the study reports null results—and examine the correspondence between the two. We also explore whether fidelity is influenced by study size, type of fidelity measured and reported, and features of the intervention. We find that as expected, fidelity level relates to student outcomes; we also find that the presence of new curriculum materials positively predicts fidelity level.

Assessing and Strengthening Evidence-Based Program Registries’ Usefulness for Social Service Program Replication and Adaptation

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Horne
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Social Service ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Implementation Factors ◽  
Program Replication

Background: Government and private funders increasingly require social service providers to adopt program models deemed “evidence based,” particularly as defined by evidence-based program registries, such as What Works Clearinghouse and National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practices. These registries summarize the evidence about programs’ effectiveness, giving near-exclusive priority to evidence from experimental-design evaluations. The registries’ goal is to aid decision making about program replication, but critics suspect the emphasis on evidence from experimental-design evaluations, while ensuring strong internal validity, may inadvertently undermine that goal, which requires strong external validity as well. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the extent to which the registries’ reports provide information about context-specific program implementation factors that affect program outcomes and would thus support decision making about program replication and adaptation. Method: A research-derived rubric was used to rate the extent of context-specific reporting in the population of seven major registries’ evidence summaries ( N = 55) for youth development programs. Findings: Nearly all (91%) of the reports provide context-specific information about program participants, but far fewer provide context-specific information about implementation fidelity and other variations in program implementation (55%), the program’s environment (37%), costs (27%), quality assurance measures (22%), implementing agencies (19%), or staff (15%). Conclusion: Evidence-based program registries provide insufficient information to guide context-sensitive decision making about program replication and adaptation. Registries should supplement their evidence base with nonexperimental evaluations and revise their methodological screens and synthesis-writing protocols to prioritize reporting—by both evaluators and the registries themselves—of context-specific implementation factors that affect program outcomes.

scholarly journals A Review of Behavioral Energy Reduction Programs and Implementation of a Pilot Peer-to-Peer Led Behavioral Energy Reduction Program for a Low-Income Neighborhood

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4635
Author(s):  
Jennifer Hoody ◽  
Anya Galli Robertson ◽  
Sarah Richard ◽  
Claire Frankowski ◽  
Kevin Hallinan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Smart Meters ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
Improved Design

Utility-sponsored residential energy reduction programs have seen rapid advancement in the Unites States (US) over the past decade. These programs have particularly emphasized investments in energy efficient appliances and enveloped improvements. They have generally required co-investment by residents and, as a result, have mostly reached medium to high-income residents, with low income residences, in effect, supporting the utility investments through higher energy costs. Additionally, utility initiatives directed toward behavior-based energy reduction have reached residences with more advanced technologies, such as smart meters and smart Wi-Fi thermostats linked to phone apps, technologies generally not present in low-income residences. This research seeks to inform development of behavior-based energy reduction programs aimed specifically at low-income residences, premised on peer-to-peer energy education and support. It focuses on the design and implementation of a pilot program for 84 low-income residences in a medium-sized Midwestern US urban neighborhood, followed by measurement of realized energy savings and assessment of program outcomes through surveys of resident participants and interviews with program implementers. Only 21 residences provided an initial response to outreach. Of these, only 11 participated, and of these, energy savings were, in general, modest. However, evidence based upon other research and qualitative data obtained from program implementers and participants is presented in this study for the development of an improved design. The improved design emphasizes grassroots community co-design of the program and community engagement through program implementation to transform energy consumption and behaviors and find energy justice for vulnerable communities.

scholarly journals Addressing a Northern Food Crisis: Process Evaluation of Nutrition North Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Dawn Achtemichuk
Keyword(s):  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Specific Implementation ◽  
Program Components

Inflated food costs are a contributing factor to food insecurity in isolated communities of Canada’s North. To increase the affordability and accessibility of healthy food in Northern communities, a federal government program Nutrition North Canada (NNC) offers retail-based subsidies on select nutritious foods shipped by air. In this paper, I integrate methods of process evaluation to determine whether or not the program components of NNC, such as the defined target population and subsidy design, are sufficient to achieve the intended program outcomes of increased affordability and accessibility of nutritious foods. A literature review drawing on government documents and journal articles outlines the setting of northern food insecurity and defines an inventory of NNC program components. Media articles published between 2011 and 2015 provide context and draw focus to specific implementation issues drawn from the NNC program. The process evaluation for this paper examines these documents for examples of inconsistency within the NNC program’s target, design, and structure that will affect successful program implementation and delivery. My results focus on inadequacies in the structure of the community eligibility target, subsidy design, and compliance reports. I conclude with recommendations on revising and strengthening these components, to ensure that the Nutrition North Canada program can reach its key goal of increasing the affordability and accessibility of healthy foods in isolated northern communities that do not have year-round marine and/or ground transport.

Effects of Community-Based Prevention on Alcohol Consumption in Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwig Kraus ◽  
Tessa-Virginia Hannemann ◽  
Daniela Piontek ◽  
Mareike Awolin
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Program Implementation ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Implementation Fidelity ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Substance Use Prevention ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
School Survey

Aims: The present paper aims at evaluating the effectiveness of the community-based substance use prevention program “Wegschauen ist keine Lösung”. Methods: Communities of the district of Karlsruhe were divided into a group with high (HIG) and low (LIG) program implementation fidelity. In 2011, a school survey was conducted among 892 adolescents in grades 9 and 10 of regular schools in the district of Karlsruhe. The Bavarian sample of the 2011 European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD) was used as external comparison group (n=1635). Results: Only few differences were found between HIG and LIG with regard to alcohol consumption and negative consequences. Compared to the external ESPAD comparison group, students in Karlsruhe showed lower 30-day prevalence of alcohol use (66.0 vs. 80.5 %), lower consumption quantity (17.17 vs. 34.91 grams of ethanol per drinking day) and lower frequency of use (0.75 vs. 1.21 days within the last week). Conclusions: Considering restrictions of the limited study design there are indications of possible positive effects of the project “Wegschauen ist keine Lösung”. However, for methodological sound evaluations of community-based prevention programs pre-post studies with clearly defined control conditions are needed.

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