Problems of supp lying the people of Bashkiria during the Great Patriotic war

The article reveals the essence and specificity of culture as an important component of the spiritual factor of victory. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of fiction. The article substantiates the moral and aesthetic impact on the consciousness of defenders of the Motherland, such works of art as“They fought for the Motherland”,“Leningrad poem”,“Russian character”,“Invasion”, etc. The article describes the significant role of theatrical art, which reveals the moral values of the people and Soviet soldiers. This is reflected in such plays as: “the Front”; “the Guy from our city”; “Once upon a time”, etc. The article substantiates the important role of the spiritual influence of cinema on Soviet people. This influence was realized through artistic images of selfless service to the Motherland, loyalty to military duty. Among these films: “Two fighters”, “Wait for me”, “Front-line friends”. During the war, as the article emphasizes, an important component of the spiritual factor of victory was the musical art. Activities in this area of culture famous musicians:B. Astafiev, S. Prokofiev, D. Shostakovich, A. Alexandrov, V. Soloviev-Sedoy, and others, was implemented in operas, symphonies, cantatas and songs, which by their nature emotional expression differed Patriotic and epic strength. The purpose of the research : to reveal the axiological components, culture of the Russian world, as important components, spiritual factor during the great Patriotic war. Conclusions : the culture of the Russian world at various stages of the great Patriotic War, through a variety of means and forms, actively mobilized all Soviet people to defend the Motherland and defeat Nazi Germany. The spiritual culture of our country and its types, in the course of functioning, during the war, clearly and expressively revealed the idea of patriotism, courage, bravery and heroism, and encouraged the Soviet people, the soldiers of the red Army, to achieve a great Victory.

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The sentiments of the population in Vladimir Region during the Great Patriotic War

RUDN Journal of Russian History ◽

10.22363/2312-8674-2021-20-4-543-554 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 543-554

Author(s):

Ilya S. Tryakhov

Keyword(s):

Initial Period ◽

Home Front ◽

Soviet Government ◽

Difficult Situation ◽

The People ◽

Vladimir Region ◽

Territorial Unit ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

Archival Documents ◽

Occupied Territories

The article examines the mood of home front workers during the Great Patriotic War based on the materials of Vladimir region, a region that had its own specific features. The author draws attention to the change in the rear position of this territorial unit during the war. The sources for the analysis were archival documents, some of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, as well as documents of a memoir and epistolary nature. The study of Soviet propaganda during the indicated period draws attention to the transition from predominantly internationalist to patriotic slogans - a process that started at the very beginning of the war, with some precedents already in the last pre-war year. In the course of the study, the author identifies the ambiguous sentiments of the population in the rear in relation to the war and their living conditions. Attention is drawn to the fact that citizens had a negative perception of a number of actions of the authorities in the initial period of the war. The article tells the difficult situation in the rear during the battle for Moscow, a victory which to a large extent caused a turn in the mood of the majority of the population. An analysis of the letters of front-line soldiers and home front workers clearly reveals the fatalism of most of them, and their submissive adherence to their prescribed fate. At the same time, their letters show the hope for a quick victory over Nazism and the belief that their closest descendants would be able to build a bright future. Despite the predominantly patriotic statements, the example of the Vladimir region shows a critical attitude towards the Soviet government, not only on regional but also on central level. Still, one cannot but confirm that Soviet propaganda was very successful in consolidating the people during the war, which was of course facilitated by the policy of Nazi Germany both at the front and in the temporarily occupied territories.

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HISTORICAL MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN NARRATIVE SOURCES.

History Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus ◽

10.32653/ch163620-638 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 620-638

Author(s):

Alim Tetuev

Keyword(s):

Historical Memory ◽

Home Front ◽

Front Line ◽

National Unity ◽

Soviet Government ◽

The People ◽

Literary Sources ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

Red Army ◽

Local Party

The article examines the memory of the Great Patriotic War in letters, memoirs and literary sources of front-line soldiers and workers of the rear of Kabardino-Balkaria. The state of historiography and sources of the studied problem is analyzed, its relevance is substantiated. The experience of party political and propaganda work of the Main Political Administration of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army and local party and Soviet bodies for educating the Red Army and home front workers in the spirit of Soviet patriotism, national unity, hatred of the German occupiers and belief in victory will be summarized. The letters and addresses of front-line soldiers to relatives and friends, home front workers, and local party and Soviet authorities were identified and investigated. The letters and appeals of relatives and friends, home front workers, and local party and Soviet government bodies to front-line soldiers are examined. The reflection of war in the literary sources of the front-line soldiers, which are dedicated to the people of the front and rear, is considered. The analysis of the problem under study showed that the tasks of rallying and mobilizing all forces to achieve victory were characteristic of the consciousness of front-line soldiers and rear in an extreme situation.

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The dynamics of traditional mobile practices of the Ludian Karelians

Bulletin of Ugric studies ◽

10.30624/2220-4156-2021-11-3-503-512 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 503-512

Author(s):

I. Yu. Vinokurova ◽

◽

G. V Ryvkina ◽

Keyword(s):

Sedentary Lifestyle ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Social Groups ◽

Traditional Culture ◽

Modern Life ◽

The Past ◽

The North ◽

The People ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

First Time

ABSTRACT Introduction: in Russian and foreign ethnology of recent decades, there has been an increased interest in the study of culturally organized mobile practices of peoples, both nomads of the North and those leading a sedentary lifestyle, in the past and in modern life. Without them, knowledge about the cultural heritage of the people will be incomplete. In addition, history makes adjustments to the types of movements that inevitably affect the life of different social groups (including peoples). The above arguments show that mobile practices among different peoples need special research, in particular among the Karelians and their ethnic groups. The traditional culture of movement of which has many gaps in study and has never been studied comprehensively and in dynamics. Objective: identification of some types of traditional mobile practices of the Ludian Karelians and their dynamics based on the analysis of several in-depth biographical interviews on this topic, recorded from women born in the 1930s. Research materials: field audio materials of the authors. Results and novelty of the research: for the first time some types of traditional mobile practices of the Ludian Karelians for long and short distances, associated with economic and leisure activities, travel beliefs and rituals have been identified. It is concluded that during the twentieth century they underwent significant changes associated with collectivization, the fight against religion, the Great Patriotic War, the development of industrial production and urbanization

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Soviet soldiers of the Great Patriotic War rescued from starvation by foreign humanitarian missions in 1921-1923s

Samara Journal of Science ◽

10.17816/snv2021102207 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 176-179

Author(s):

Grigory Gennadievich Tsidenkov

Keyword(s):

National Archive ◽

Red Cross ◽

Food Treatment ◽

Historical Aspect ◽

The People ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Soviet Russia ◽

Digitized Documents ◽

The Military

The paper draws attention to such an important historical aspect as the connection between foreign humanitarian activities in Soviet Russia and Ukraine during the famine of 1921-1923 and the participation of the people of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War. It is well known that during the famine of 1921-1923, a large number of foreign aid organizations functioned in Russia and Ukraine and provided food, treatment and clothing to several million starving children who were doomed to death without outside help. Some of these organizations opened orphanages on the territory of the RSFSR for homeless children and children left without parental care. Many of those men and women who went to war in 1941-1945 were saved during the famine by foreign organizations. Thanks to modern databases of digitized documents on the Great Patriotic War, it becomes possible to trace the military fate of these people. The paper, based on the materials of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the National Archive of Sweden, provides specific examples of the fate of participants in the Great Patriotic War, who were saved in 1922-1923 by the Red Cross organizations of Sweden and the Netherlands.

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SOURCES SPECIFYING INFORMATION ABOUT OFFICERSFALLEN DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (BY EXAMPLE 179 RIFLE DIVISION)

Interexpo GEO-Siberia ◽

10.33764/2618-981x-2019-5-38-44 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 38-44

Author(s):

Oleg Kationov ◽

Anna Kationova ◽

Roman Volkov

Keyword(s):

Military Operations ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Record Keeping ◽

The People ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

Informational Value ◽

Selection Of

The article actualizes the resource of record keeping documents of the Great Patriotic War as sources of information about thе officers fallen during the war. Stages of work with the materials of website "Memory of the People" for the selection of sources that would help to clarify information about the taller officers, and determination of their informational value are demonstrated. The analysis of logs of military operations, combat decoration orders, reports on irreplaceable combat losses, orders to exclude from the lists of the army, books of burials to obtain information on the taller officers of the 179th Rifle Division is carried out. Results of systematization of data on the taller officers of 179th Rifle Division are presented.

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WAR POETICS IN TS - ZH. ZHIMBIEV'S NOVEL "THE YEAR OF THE FIERY SNAKE"

SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OF SAYANO-ALTAI ◽

10.52782/kril2021.2.30.009 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 51-54

Author(s):

Э. С. Доржиева

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

National Character ◽

Daily Routine ◽

The Novel ◽

Compositional Structure ◽

Artistic Experience ◽

The People ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

Moral Qualities ◽

Plot Structure

В статье рассматриваются этнопоэтические истоки сюжетостроения в прозе Бурятии 2 - й половины 20 века. В основу обзора положен анализ романа «Год огненной змеи» Ц. - Ж. Жимбиева. Выявляются особенности использования символов и понятий этнопоэтики в названии произведения, сюжетной структуре романа и художественный опыт самого писателя в осмыслении начала Великой Отечественной войны, совпавшей по восточному календарю - литэ с годом огненной змеи. Автором статьи смысловое наполнение образа змеи, в мифологии монголоязычных народов выступающей символом врага, опасности, рассматривается в связи и противопоставлении с понятиями «война» как пожирающий огонь (пожар) и «враг» как змея, от которого страдает «народ». На основе анализа сюжетно - композиционной структуры романа доказывается, что чередованием глав «День» и «Ночь» Ц. - Ж. Жимбиев актуализирует смысловую логику понятия «война» как противоестественное состояние жизни, когда всё меняется местами: день становится мрачным и беспросветным проявлением темного, а ночь позволяет уйти от дневного мрака будней в сказочно - загадочное со звездами и небом. Обоснован вывод о том, что соединение реального и мифологического придает сюжету романа особую художественную полноту и национальный колорит, способствует усилению трагического смысла событий года «змеи», раскрывает характеры, моральные качества литературных героев. The article deals with the ethnopoetic origins of plot - building in prose of Buryatia of the second half of the twentieth century. The review is based on the analysis of Ts-Zh. Zhimbiev's novel "The Year of the Fiery Snake". It identifies the features of the use of symbols and concepts of ethnopoetics in the title, the plot structure of the novel and artistic experience of the writer in understanding the beginning of the Great Patriotic war, which, according to the Chinese calendar, coincided with the year of the fiery snake. The meaning of the snake's image, which in the mythology of Mongolian - speaking peoples serving as a symbol of an enemy, danger, is considered by the author of the article in connection and opposition with concepts "war" like a consuming flame (fire) and "enemy" like a snake that oppresses "the people" Based on the analysis of the plot - compositional structure of the novel, it is proved that alternating chapters "Day" and "Night" Ts-Zh. Zhimbiev actualizes the semantic logic of the concept "war" as an unnatural state of life, when everything swaps over: the day becomes a dark and gloomy expression of darkness, and the night allows you to escape from dark daily routine into a fabulous mystery with the stars in the sky. The conclusion is proved that the conjunction of real and mythological essence gives the plot of the novel special artistic completeness and national character, enhances sense of tragic events of the year of the "snake', and reveals literary heroes' tempers and moral qualities.

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History is strong in memory.

Historical and social-educational ideas ◽

10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-3-61-70 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 61-70

Author(s):

Marina F. Titorenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Historical Memory ◽

Historical Consciousness ◽

The State ◽

Nazi Germany ◽

State Archive ◽

The People ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

The City ◽

Great Victory

The author examines the reasons for the aggression of the Germans during the Great Patriotic War, analyzes the materials of the State Archive of the Krasnodar Territory, relating to the time of the occupation of the city of Krasnodar by Nazi Germany, cites the facts of torture and mockery of the residents of the city by the "masters of new life". The author also pays attention to the appearance of collaboration in the Cossack environment and reveals the reasons for this phenomenon, gives examples of the worthy contribution of the Kuban Cossack formations to the Great Victory, and considers it necessary to collect and preserve the truth about the war, to remember the indomitable spirit of the people, to form a sense of patriotism among young people, to preserve historical memory and historical consciousness.

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PRESERVING THE MEMORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE RUSSIAN ONOMASTIC SPACE

Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin ◽

10.20323/2499-9679-2020-4-23-89-98 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 89-98

Author(s):

Sergei A. Popov ◽

◽

Ksenia M. Gerasimova ◽

Keyword(s):

Significant Contribution ◽

Historical Memory ◽

Main Attention ◽

The Past ◽

Sports Events ◽

The People ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

History Of ◽

The Subject ◽

The Russian Federation

The subject of analysis in this article is the ranks of proper names that have entered the onomastic space of Russia over the past 75 years, in which the memory of the heroes and events of the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 has been preserved. The purpose of the work is to identify the specificity of onomastic units associated with the specified period in the history of our country. The authors of the article suggest calling them heroic toponyms, ergonyms, carabonyms, etc. According to the authors, the onomastic space of the Russian Federation is currently one of the most reliable types of historical memory of the people, since the names, surnames, and occupations of people who have made a significant contribution to the history of a particular settlement, region or country in overall, as well as the names of historical events. The process of this onomastic nomination is presented as part of the state policy of memory. The article examines in the aspect of commemoration toponyms, microtoponyms, oikonyms, urbanonyms, oronyms, carabonyms, astronyms, cosmonyms, ergonyms, as well as modern memorial sports events dedicated to the events and heroes of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. The main attention is paid to heroic toponymy, in particular, the specificity of the commemorative nomination in the settlements on the territory of which during the war years hostilities took place (hero cities, cities of military glory, settlements of military valor) are highlighted. The authors come to the conclusion that reliable information about one of the most difficult periods of Russian history will be reliably transmitted from generation to generation through the onomastic space of Russia.

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The Battle of Stalingrad in the Context of Modern History

MGIMO Review of International Relations ◽

10.24833/2071-8160-2013-1-28-22-28 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 22-28

Author(s):

M. Y. Myagkov

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

World War Ii ◽

United States Of America ◽

Turning Point ◽

The United States ◽

World War ◽

The People ◽

Great Patriotic War ◽

Resistance Movement ◽

The City

Proceeding 200 days and nights the Battle of Stalingrad became a turning point in the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet people and in all World War II, it turned back, in the western direction movement of the Soviet-German front when Hitler was compelled to recognize that for Germans "possibility of the end of war in the east by means of approach more doesn't exist". After Stalingrad it became clear to the whole world that war against the USSR for a coalition of fascist aggressors is lost. Defeat near Stalingrad allied Germany of armies cracked the fascist block, having forced Italy, Romania, Hungary and Finland actively to look for contacts with the countries of an anti-Hitleriwste coalition for the purpose of a withdrawal from a war. The developed events put an end to calculations on the introduction in war against the USSR to Turkey and Japan, were decisive incentive of growth of a resistance movement in Europe and Asia. The western allies of the USSR intensified preparation for opening of the second anti-Hitlerite front in Europe. U.S. President F.Ruzvelt called battle near Stalingrad epic. Later it sent the diploma of the following contents: "On behalf of the people of the United States of America I hand over this diploma to the city of Stalingrad to note our admiration of his valorous defenders … Their nice victory stopped a wave of invasion and became a turning point of war of the allied nations against aggression forces".

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