scholarly journals PROTOTIPE SISTEM AUTOBRAKE PADA MOBIL MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR JARAK ULTRASONIK HC-SR04 BERBASIS ARDUINO MEGA 2560

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Ari Hidayanto ◽  
Heru Winarno
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Disc Brake ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Lever System ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Motorized Vehicles

Ari Hidayanto, Heru Winarno  in this paper explain that The high number of traffic accidents is currently a factor in the driver's error in driving (human error). One of the accidents that often occur include car accidents. Of the several incidents that have occurred, the average accident occurred because of the driver's lack of concentration in driving his car. This resulted in the driver not being able to control the speed of the vehicle immediately when there was a sudden object in front, moreover this happened when the vehicle drove at high speed. To avoid this, when driving, it really needs a vehicle security system that also greatly affects the driver's safety. With the development of existing science and technology allows humans to make security systems in motorized vehicles. Accidents due to driver negligence can be overcome by making the braking system automatic then the vehicle speed will slow down and carry out mechanical braking (disc brake) automatically based on the minimum distance of the car with the barrier even though the driver does not pull the brake lever. Realizing this, an autobrake system (automatic braking) was designed based on the distance of the car with the barrier using the HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor. When between a sensor and a barrier at a distance of <= 70 cm, the central lock actuator will go forward and press the disc brake lever. System notifications will be displayed via 20X4 LCD, LED and Buzzer. The system work will be controlled by Arduino Mega 2560. Keywords: Autobrake, Disc Brake, Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04, Central Lock,  LCD 20x4, Arduino Mega 2560ReferencesAgus Setya Abadi, Delta. 2008. Sensor Ultrasonic Sebagai Alat Navigasi Robot Pemadam Api. Tugas Akhir PSD III Teknik Elektro (tidak diterbitkan). Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.Bishop, Owen. 2004. Dasar-Dasar Elekrtonika. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.Cahyo Saputro, Adi. 2014. Central Door Lock. Diunduh dari http://otomotifmaju.blogspot.com/2014/08/sentral-door-lock.html, pada 17 Juni 2015 pukul 21.46 WIB.Chan, Yefri. 2010. Teori Dasar Rem. Buku Panduan Teknik Mesin (tidak diterbitkan). Jakarta Timur: Universitas Darma Persada.Putu Giovani. I. 2014. Merancang Driver Motor DC. Diunduh dari http://www.geyosoft.com/2014/merancang-driver-motor-dc, pada 17 Juni 2015 pukul 08.00 WIB.Prayogo, Rudito. 2012. Pengaturan PWM dengan PLC. Tugas Mata Kuliah Teknik Otomasi (tidak diterbitkan). Malang: Universitas Brawijaya.Roghib, Rokhman, dan M. Qomarruzzaman. 2014. Introduction Arduino Training Kit. Yogyakarta: House Of Technology.Sandi. 2014. Acccumulator Atau Aki. Diunduh dari http://www.sandielektronik.com/2014/03/accumulator-atau-aki.html, pada 30 Mei 2015 pukul 16.15 WIB.Setyadi, Ary. 2010. Bahasa Indonesia Dalam Karya Ilmiah. Semarang: Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Undip.Sulistyowati, Riny. 2012. Perancangan Prototype System Kontrol Dan Monitoring Pembatas Daya Listrik Berbasis Mikrokontroler. Tugas Akhir Teknik Elektro (tidak diterbitkan). Surabaya: Institut Adhi Tama Surabaya.Tooley, Mike. 2003. Rangkainan Elektronik Prinsip dan Aplikasi Edisi Kedua. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga.

scholarly journals Braking System Automation on Cars using a Distance Sensor

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Rodi Hartono ◽  
Fajar Petrus Apris Samosir ◽  
Okta Rusdiansyah ◽  
Rizky Naufal M
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Security Systems ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Visual Aid ◽  
Brake Force ◽  
Driver Error

The factor of driver error in driving (human error) is one of the causes of the high number of traffic accidents in the present. To anticipate this, the discipline and concentration of the driver when driving is needed. However, when drivers have discipline and sufficient concentration of accidents can still occur. Therefore, the quality of the vehicle security system also greatly affects safety when driving. With the development of science and technology today it is very possible for humans to make security systems in vehicles. Accidents are often caused by the driver being unable to react quickly when there is a sudden blocking of objects. Especially when the driver is driving at high speed. This can be overcome by automating the braking system, so that the vehicle's speed will slow down even though the driver does not step on the brake lever. So that the possibility of an accident can be avoided. And automation is expected to be implemented in vehicles widely. In this study, designed a brake automation system using fuzzy logic by making a prototype. This prototype serves as a visual aid to evaluate the workings of the membership functions that will be used. From this evaluation it is known the value of each membership function. These values ​​are used as the main parameters in determining the Rules that will affect the output value of the brake force. With these Rules, automation of the brake system can work optimally. And it is known that the distance of the prototype car can run between other obstacle with a width of 50cm and the braking of the prototype car stops completely when the prototype is ± 5-10 cm with the obstacle in front of it. Keywords: Automation of Brake Systems, Fuzzy Logic, Distance, Speed.

scholarly journals Development of a Road Condition Information System using Augmented Reality Technology on Smartphones

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Data Conversion ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Condition ◽  
Augmented Reality Technology

Recently, accidents involving ground transportations are getting worse and more serious. Indonesian State Police (Korlantas POLRI) recorded the number of accidents in 2018 as many as 109,215 accidents. The number has incresed 4.69 percent compared to 2017 as many as 104,327 events. Road traffic accidents are caused by human error, the driver in this case. The driver's mistake is influenced by several factors, one of them is they cannot expect the road condition when they drive a vehicle at high speed. To solve this problem, drivers need information that can show road conditions. So, we present a new approach for detecting damaged roads by applying augmented reality technology. This research produces a road condition information system to help drivers get information about road conditions via smartphone. This system uses augmented reality technology with a markerless GPS Based Tracking method. The development of this system requires several stages such as collecting the data, data conversion, data classification, and views road condition. The researchers gathered the road condition data from the Public Work Department Semarang. This department itself undertakes a task to control the road condition in Semarang The trial of this system includes all drivers in Semarang city. Based on the results of the questionnaire responded to by 93 respondents, this test obtained an average value of 68%. So this system gets a pretty good response from the driver. Through this system, all drivers can avoid the damaged road condition which can cause traffic-congested and accident.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KONDISI GEOMETRIK JALAN TERHADAP POTENSI TERJADINYA KECELAKAAN LALU LINTAS

BANGUNAN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Nando Ramadhani Nur Adnan ◽  
Pranoto Pranoto ◽  
Boedi Rahardjo
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Transition Curve ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Geometric Condition ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
The Road ◽  
Geometric Conditions

Abstrak:Kondisi geometrik jalan yang tidak sesuai dengan standar teknis perencanaan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan lalu lintas. Tikungan SDN 3 Selorejo Kabupaten Blitar merupakan salah satu tikungan yang tidak memenuhi syarat perencanaan geometrik jalan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei lokasi selama 4 hari. Data primer meliputi data volume lalu lintas, kecepatan kendaraan, perlengkapan jalan, pelebaran jalan, dan geometrik jalan. Data sekunder data kecelakaan lalu lintas dan geometrik existing. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan: (1) karakteristik lalu lintas memiliki volume maksimum terjadi pada hari Senin sebesar 17221 smp/hari yang di dominasi oleh kendaraan ringan (LV) sebesar 46,13 persen, kecepatan kendaraan rata-rata sebesar 47,95 km/jam dengan kecepatan tertinggi di dominasi oleh kendaraan bermotor (MC) yang memiliki rata-rata kecepatan sebesar 62,73 km/jam dengan kecepatan tertinggi yang pernah tercatat dalam pengamatan sebesar 87,64 km/jam, dan kepadatan kendaraan tertinggi terjadi pada hari Senin sebesar 32,73 smp/km, (2) kondisi geometrik jalan pada beberapa aspek perencanaan seperti nilai superelevasi existing memiliki nilai sebesar 11,50 persen, sedangkan pada hasil perencanaan diperoleh superelevasi sebesar 9,89 persen, lengkung peralihan existing memiliki panjang 40 meter, sedangkan pada hasil perencanaan diperoleh nilai lengkung peralihan sepanjang 54,56 meter, dan pelebaran jalan existing memiliki lebar jalan sebesar 0,3 meter, sedangkan pada hasil perencanaan diperoleh lebar jalan sebesar 0,7124 meter, (3) faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan di dominasi oleh faktor manusia sebesar 57,14 persen dengan sebab kejadian yang sering dialami adalah kecepatan tinggi dan mengantuk, faktor kendaraan sebesar 21,43 persen dengan sebab kejadian yang dialami karena rem blong, muatan berlebih, dan ban pecah, sedangkan pada faktor jalan sebesar 21,43 persen yang selalu disebabkan oleh kemiringan jalan pada tikungan.Kata-kata kunci: Geometrik Jalan, Tikungan, Faktor Kecelakaan, Lalu LintasAbstract: Geometric conditions that are not in accordance with the technical planning standards can cause traffic accidents. SDN 3 Selorejo Bend Blitar Regency is one of the bends that do not meet the geometric planning requirements for roads in Indonesia. This research uses quantitative descriptive analysis method. Data collection was carried out using the location survey method for 4 days. Primary data include data on traffic volume, vehicle speed, road equipment, road widening and road geometry. Secondary data on existing traffic and geometric accident data. The results get: (1) traffic characteristics have a maximum volume occurs on Monday at 17221 pcu / day which is dominated by light vehicles (LV) of 46.13%, the average vehicle speed of 47.95 km / hour with the highest speed is dominated by motorized vehicles (MC) which have an average speed of 62.73 km / hour with the highest speed ever recorded in the observation of 87.64 km / hour, and the highest vehicle density occurs on Monday at 32, 73 smp / km, (2) the geometric condition of the road in some aspects of planning such as the existing superelevation value has a value of 11.50 percent, while the results of the planning obtained superelevation of 9.89 percent, the existing transition curve has a length of 40 meters, while the results planning obtained the value of the transition curve along 54.56 meters, and the widening of the existing road has a road width of 0.3 meters, while the results obtained from the planning of the road of 0.7124 meters, (3) factors that cause accidents are dominated by human factors of 57.14 percent because the events that are often experienced are high speed and sleepy, vehicle factors of 21.43 percent with the causes of events experienced due to brakes blown, overloaded, and broken tires, while the road factor of 21.43 percent which is always caused by the slope of the road at the bend.Keywords: Geometric Road, Bend, Accident Factor, Traffic

Coupling Impacts of Spray and Rainfall on Road Visibility and Vehicle Speeds: A Simulation-based Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyi Wang ◽  
Tianheng Chen ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Xiaochun Qin
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Highway Design ◽  
The Road ◽  
Sight Distance ◽  
Rain Medium ◽  
Stopping Sight Distance

Impaired visibility resulting from rainfall contributes greatly to the occurrence of traffic accidents. This study presents a numerical simulation approach to analyze the extent to which the coupling of spray and raindrops reduces visibility and thus proposes safe speeds against inadequate visibility. The spray-raindrop coupling particles were modeled by considering the real highway design parameters and rainfall conditions. The road visibility was estimated through simulating the multiple scattering process of taillights in the spray-rain medium, and the maximum safe speed against inadequate visibility was then derived by comparing the visibility with the required stopping sight distance. Results show that: 1) either a high speed of the front truck or a thick water-film results in a significant reduction in road visibility and the maximum safe speed of the ego vehicle, 2) front vehicle speed plays a more important role in visibility reduction than the water-film thickness does.

scholarly journals Behavioral Dynamics of Pedestrians Crossing between Two Moving Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Ho Kim ◽  
Jong Won Kim ◽  
Hyun-Chae Chung ◽  
Gyoo-Jae Choi ◽  
MooYoung Choi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Vehicle Type ◽  
Behavioral Dynamics ◽  
Moving Vehicles ◽  
Bearing Angle ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Crossing Point ◽  
Insight Into

This study examines the human behavioral dynamics of pedestrians crossing a street with vehicular traffic. To this end, an experiment was constructed in which human participants cross a road between two moving vehicles in a virtual reality setting. A mathematical model is developed in which the position is given by a simple function. The model is used to extract information on each crossing by performing root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) minimization of the function from the data. By isolating the parameter adjusted to gap features, we find that the subjects primarily changed the timing of the acceleration to adjust to changing gap conditions, rather than walking speed or duration of acceleration. Moreover, this parameter was also adjusted to the vehicle speed and vehicle type, even when the gap size and timing were not changed. The model is found to provide a description of gap affordance via a simple inequality of the fitting parameters. In addition, the model turns out to predict a constant bearing angle with the crossing point, which is also observed in the data. We thus conclude that our model provides a mathematical tool useful for modeling crossing behaviors and probing existing models. It may also provide insight into the source of traffic accidents.

scholarly journals CFD Simulation of a Hyperloop Capsule Inside a Low-Pressure Environment Using an Aerodynamic Compressor as Propulsion and Drag Reduction Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3934
Author(s):  
Federico Lluesma-Rodríguez ◽  
Temoatzin González ◽  
Sergio Hoyas
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Aerodynamic Drag ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Critical Conditions ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Blockage Ratio ◽  
The Cost

One of the most restrictive conditions in ground transportation at high speeds is aerodynamic drag. This is even more problematic when running inside a tunnel, where compressible phenomena such as wave propagation, shock waves, or flow blocking can happen. Considering Evacuated-Tube Trains (ETTs) or hyperloops, these effects appear during the whole route, as they always operate in a closed environment. Then, one of the concerns is the size of the tunnel, as it directly affects the cost of the infrastructure. When the tube size decreases with a constant section of the vehicle, the power consumption increases exponentially, as the Kantrowitz limit is surpassed. This can be mitigated when adding a compressor to the vehicle as a means of propulsion. The turbomachinery increases the pressure of part of the air faced by the vehicle, thus delaying the critical conditions on surrounding flow. With tunnels using a blockage ratio of 0.5 or higher, the reported reduction in the power consumption is 70%. Additionally, the induced pressure in front of the capsule became a negligible effect. The analysis of the flow shows that the compressor can remove the shock waves downstream and thus allows operation above the Kantrowitz limit. Actually, for a vehicle speed of 700 km/h, the case without a compressor reaches critical conditions at a blockage ratio of 0.18, which is a tunnel even smaller than those used for High-Speed Rails (0.23). When aerodynamic propulsion is used, sonic Mach numbers are reached above a blockage ratio of 0.5. A direct effect is that cases with turbomachinery can operate in tunnels with blockage ratios even 2.8 times higher than the non-compressor cases, enabling a considerable reduction in the size of the tunnel without affecting the performance. This work, after conducting bibliographic research, presents the geometry, mesh, and setup. Later, results for the flow without compressor are shown. Finally, it is discussed how the addition of the compressor improves the flow behavior and power consumption of the case.

Numerical Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Temperature Field of Disc Brake on Trains

2011 ◽  
Vol 199-200 ◽  
pp. 1492-1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Shun Wang ◽  
Rong Fu ◽  
Liang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Brake Disc ◽  
Disc Brake ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Finite Element Software

The simulation calculation on the temperature field of the disc brake system on high-speed trains under the working condition of constant speed at 50Km/h is made. A steady-state calculation model is established according to the actual geometric size of a brake disc and a brake pad, and the analog calculation and simulation on the temperature field of the brake disc and the brake pad by using the large-scale nonlinear finite element software ABAQUS are carried out. The distribution rules of the temperature field of the brake disc and the brake pad under the working condition of constant speed are made known. The surface temperature of the brake disc at friction radius is the highest, with a band distribution for temperature. There exists a temperature flex point in the direction of thickness, of which the thickness occupies 15% of that of the brake disc; due to the small volume of the brake pad, the temperature gradient of the whole brake pad is not sharp, and larger temperature gradient occurs only on the contact surface.

The Analysis and Research of Traffic Accident Velocity Based on C#

2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 1137-1142
Author(s):  
Li Lin ◽  
Ting Ting Lv
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Collision Type ◽  
Side Collision ◽  
Speed Identification ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Collision Angle

In the process of the traffic accidents confirmation, the identification of vehicle speed when accident occurred is often an important basis for accident confirmation. The paper firstly discusses the models of mechanics and solving method for the vehicle front face, rear end, sides face ,slanted side collision based on the theory of collision mechanics ,it describes how to identify the vehicle rate and collision angle based on the model simplification, the theoretical analysis for dealing with the complicated accidents. The common and formulas are studied based on the classical collision mechanics method. The application range, parameters involved in selection and influence of the formulas are analyzed in detail. Finally the program based on C# is developed according to the identified calculation process for vehicle speed of traffic accident. The vehicle speed is obtained by selecting the collision type, entering the relevant accident pattern, inputting the parameters and clicking the command button .The application can store, modify and display results conveniently , improve efficiency on vehicle speed identification effectively and reduce the processing cycle of traffic accident availably.

Numerical Simulation of Flowfield around High Speed Trains Passing by each other at the same Speed

2011 ◽  
Vol 97-98 ◽  
pp. 698-701
Author(s):  
Ming Lu Zhang ◽  
Yi Ren Yang ◽  
Li Lu ◽  
Chen Guang Fan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Point Source ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Field Structure ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Mesh Method ◽  
High Speed Trains

Large eddy simulation (LES) was made to solve the flow around two simplified CRH2 high speed trains passing by each other at the same speed base on the finite volume method and dynamic layering mesh method and three dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Wind tunnel experimental method of resting train with relative flowing air and dynamic mesh method of moving train were compared. The results of numerical simulation show that the flow field structure around train is completely different between wind tunnel experiment and factual running. Two opposite moving couple of point source and point sink constitute the whole flow field structure during the high speed trains passing by each other. All of streamlines originate from point source (nose) and finish with the closer point sink (tail). The flow field structure around train is similar with different vehicle speed.

The Analysis and Design of the Dynamic Information Service System Network Architecture of the SOA Based on WAVE Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 1044-1045 ◽  
pp. 1380-1383
Author(s):  
Guang Li Yin
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Service System ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Analysis And Design

Safety problem is one of the most attention and concern of driving. This paper in the high-speed on the road cars and car, car and road communications, vehicle real-time status, through the network information service system integration on a platform, on the use of related technologies are analyzed, the design of the software system based on SOA architecture.Keywords: network, GPS module, SOA cross platformI. IntorductionWith the development of science and technology and the improvement of people's living standard, Car popularity rate is high, it's hard to believe, families has two or three car. Whether it is the bus or private car is such rapid development, this will bring a lot of problems in road traffic, such as traffic congestion, traffic accident. These problems affect the normal life and travel, it is necessary to carry out management and provide information service for road use advanced technology. Using mobile phone GPS positioning module can obtain the vehicle speed and the basic information, through processing and optimization of information service system, the analysis of data useful, so as to divert traffic, both for the convenience of the user, but also improve the expressway management ability.

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