scholarly journals Comparative Ethnolinguistics on Metaphorical Interpretations in Japanese Kotowaza and Malay Proverbs

IZUMI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-238
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadzif Bin Ramlan
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Note Taking ◽  
Japanese Empire ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Cultural Exchanges ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Compare And Contrast ◽  
Made In

This paper examines the comparison between Japanese kotowaza and Malay proverbs via the lens of ethnolinguistics. The rich cultural exchanges between the Japanese empire and Malay civilisation since the 15th century must be based on mutual values that both parties can agree upon. One such aspect is the sociocultural values apparent in proverbs and idioms. This aspect is integral in ethnolinguistics. Therefore, this paper has three objectives: 1) To compare and contrast the entities and the conventionalised metaphorical interpretations made in the proverbs of the two languages; 2) to conduct a comprehensive discourse analysis on the proverbs based on ethnolinguistic approaches; and 3) to trailblaze the opportunities for ethnolinguists to consider expanding the research in paremiology. This research is motivated due to the very scarce resource in Japanese-Malay comparative proverbs study. The methods used are library research and Cornell note-taking technique. There are 10 proverbs respectively in Japanese and Malay for similarity and 5 respective proverbs for the difference, totalling to 30 proverbs in both languages. The findings show that the proverbs in the two different languages can both reach the same interpretation despite different extensive backgrounds. However, opposing or dissimilar outcomes also occur despite the same referents or symbols used in the metaphors. This paper concludes with the limitations and suggestions for linguists to consider in their research on proverbs.

POLIGAMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Makrum Makrum
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
Controversial Problem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Interpretation Method

This paper is discusion the polygamy is still a controversial problem, although much discussed and examined. The difference of opinion among scholars make this problem continues to potentially raises the agree and disagree. Even though it has been regulated in Act Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage and the compilation of Islamic law (KHI), this does not necessarily make the problem of polygamy is complete. Not a few perpetrators of polygamy choose married under the hand or by sirri. This research uses qualitative approach by implementing thematic interpretation method (maudhu'i) to obtain a comprehensive understanding about polygamy in the Qur'an. The Data obtained through the study of a library research by sharing the data that comes from the various verse of the Qur'an, hadith, book fiqh, research results, books and the news in various media outlets in order to complete the interpretation of the verses of polygamy. Based on the results of this research it is known that the verses of the Qur'an gives a very tight restrictions for those who want to in polygamy. Justice that the conditions of polygamy is not only were quantitative but also qualitative research. In the context of historical-socio, the command of polygamy is intended as a form of the solution to avoid injustice to orphans women. Even if polygamy still want to do, should the husband marrying the widows who have lighten the orphan.

Konsep Distribusi Pendapatan Dalam Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-97
Author(s):  
Moh. Ah. Subhan ZA
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
The State ◽  
Private Property Rights ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Distribution Of Income

The main problem of social life in the community is about how to make the allocation and distribution of income well. Inequality and poverty basically arise not because of the difference of anyone’s strength and weakness in getting livelihood, but because of inappropriate distribution mechanism. With the result that wealth treasure just turns on the rich wealthy, which is in turn, results in the rich get richer and the poor get poorer.Therefore, a discussion on distribution becomes main focus of theory of Islamic economics. Moreover, the discussion of the distribution is not only related to economic issues, but also social and political aspects. On the other side, the economic vision of Islam gives priority to the guarantee of the fulfillment of a better life. Islam emphasizes distributive justice and encloses, in its system, a program for the redistribution of wealth and prosperity, so that each individual is guaranteed with a respectable and friendly standard of living. Islam recognizes private property rights, but the private property rights must be properly distributed. The personal property is used for self and family livelihood, for investment of the working capital, so that it can provide job opportunities for others, for help of the others through zakat, infaq, and shodaqoh. In this way, the wealth not only rotates on the rich, bringing on gap in social life.The problem of wealth distribution is closely related to the welfare of society. Therefore, the state has a duty to regulate the distribution of income in order that the distribution can be fair and reaches appropriate target. The state could at least attempt it by optimizing the role of BAZ (Badan Amil Zakat) and LAZ (Lembaga Amil Zakat) which has all this time been slack. If BAZ and LAZ can be optimized, author believes that inequality and poverty over time will vanish. This is because the majority of Indonesia's population is Muslim.

Methodological and Sociological Analysis About The Fatwa Of Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah Concerning To The Muslim Marriage With An Ahl Al-Kitab

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Chamim Tohari
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Sociological Analysis ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Empiric Data ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference

Relation between the different of religion comunity in the multicultural nation as in Indonesia be a natural phenomenon that it cannot be avoided. As to one of the problem that had appeared in this case is about wedding problem betweena moslem with the difference religion womans. Majority of the Indonesia religious scholars as scholar in Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah had been prohibiting wedding like that with various reason. while a part little of the contemporary moslem scholars have been permiting the wedding. The points which will discussed in this research is how is opinion of Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah about the law of wedding with the woman from Ahl Al-Kitab and its ijtihad methodology. This research should analyze the argumentation of the Majelis Tarjih that make forbidding a muslem married with the difference religion womans. This research using library research approach dan content analysis. The results of this research are: (1) Majelis Tarjih of Muhammadiyah forbidding the wedding with sad al-dzari’ah as its argumentation; (2) Majelis Tarjih’s opinion has been irrelevant because two reason, the mistake of methodology and the change of the Indonesian contemporary society (based on an empiric data). Keywords: Ahlu Kitab; Majelis Tarjih; Different Religion Marriage

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

scholarly journals Breyten Breytenbach en die Simbolisme - ’n voorlopige verkenning

Literator ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
Cape Town ◽  
Strong Duality ◽  
Great Emphasis ◽  
Rich Source ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Breyten Breytenbach ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Present World

This article is an attempt to outline the difference between Breytenbach's poetic method and that of the Symbolists. Although it touches on aspects of the symbolist poetic method like the rich suggestiveness, the creation o f a meaningful alternative world (and the effort of doing this), it focuses mainly on Breytenbach’s use of metaphor to create an impossible alternative world in a poem, only to relativize and destroy it again in the end. This process is illustrated in an analysis of poem 8.1 from Lotus. This analysis also shows up five well-known cardinal traits of Breytenbach’s poetry, viz. its carnality, the universal analogy between body, cosmos and poetry and the great emphasis on journeys, discoveries and transformations by means of language. It is also claimed that the Zen-Buddhisi Void plays an analogous role in Breytenbach's poetry to the theory of correspondances in the Symbolists: it is a rich source of metaphor. Breytenbach's poetry shows a strong duality between the present world and a meaningful alternative sphere. Being in and of this alternative sphere only aggravates the poet’s isolation (a typically symbolist trait), making him literally and figuratively an exile, as exile poems like "tot siens, kaapstad" (see you again, cape town) and "Walvis in die berg" (Whale on the mountain) and, of course, his prison poetry, clearly show.

scholarly journals XIX. On the difference of meridians of the Royal Observatories of Greenwich and Paris

1827 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 286-296 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Sidereal Time ◽  
Methods Of Calculation ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Made In

In the Philosophical Transactions for 1826, Part II. Mr. Herschel has given a detailed account of observations, which were made in the month of July, 1825, for the purpose of ascertaining the difference of the meridians of the Royal Observatories of Greenwich and Paris, with a computation of these observations, from which the most probable value of the difference of longitude appears to be 9 m 21 s. 6. But I have perceived that in the copy of the observations delivered to him from the Royal Observatory of Greenwich, an error of one second has been committed; as the true sidereal time of the observation made there on 21st July, ought to be 17 h 38 m 57·12 in place of 17 h 38 m 56 s. 10, set down in the Table p. 104, which he informs me was computed at the Observatory, and officially communicated to him from the Astronomer Royal. This error seems to have had its origin in the little Table at the bottom of page 103; for, on subtracting the error of the clock, 47 s. 37, from the time 18 h 8 m 30 s. 40, the true sidereal time is 18 h 7 m 43 s. 03, instead of 18 h 7 m 42 s. 03, there given. The error in the result of that day’s observations, arising from this cause, has been partly compensated by a mistake of three tenths of a second, which has occurred in calculating the combined observations of the same day, the gain of mean on sidereal time being stated to be — 4 s. 54 (pp. 120 and 122), in place of — 4 s. 24. On checking the other observations, a few trifling alterations appear to be necessary upon the Greenwich Table of sidereal time, from the data given along with it. These seem to be occasioned by different methods of calculation, and indeed are hardly worthy of notice. The French astronomers not having given the data on which the calculations of the sidereal times at Paris are founded, they are assumed to be correct.

Neural network processing of radar scanning data array

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.E. Dmitriyev ◽  
D.V. Popov ◽  
V.A. Shakhnov
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Information Value ◽  
Data Array ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Distribution Of Values ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Radar Data Processing ◽  
Made In

This article deals with the digital processing of a matrix radar image. The information received from the radar scanner needs to be transformed to enable visual perception. The article describes the main methods of digital processing of matrix data, presents the images transformed by them. The aim of the article was the development of a radar data processing algorithm that identifies the contours and edges of examined objects. The authors propose an algorithm for isolating the geometric structure of the scanned area. The difference between the processing method and the known analogues is based on the nature of the change in the values of the array being processed and consists in the double operation of extracting the gradient of the distribution of values. The software implementation of the algorithm is made in C++ using methods from an open library of computer vision. The efficiency of the algorithm was estimated based on comparison with the algorithms for determining edges based on linear filtering and neural networks. The results of the work can be used to create software for mobile short-range radar devices. Imaging from object boundaries and their edges provides spatial perception of the image by the operator, and free areas are available for rendering additional information. This solution allows you to combine scanning devices and thereby increase the information value of the result.

scholarly journals Language in Game Rules and Game Play: A Study of Emergence in Pandemic

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Masuda ◽  
Jonathan DeHaan
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Board Game ◽  
Academic Vocabulary ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Compare And Contrast

<p class="western"> </p><p>Language and games are both creative activities that can exhibit unexpected behaviors and meanings. Previous studies in the connections between games and language have focused on digital games. The current study investigated the emergence of language in a modern cooperative board game (Pandemic) and used discourse analysis tools to compare and contrast the textual rule book and oral discussions in observed gameplay in terms of speech acts and vocabulary. Unexpected language did emerge in the gameplay, and in general, the longer text and sentences of the rulebook contained more academic vocabulary, and the shorter game play language contained more slang and expressives. Limitations of the study are elucidated and suggestions for future research and uses of analog games for learners of foreign languages are offered.<strong></strong></p><p class="western"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><span><br /></span></span></span></p>

Localizing cross-linguistic variation in Tense systems: On telicity and stativity in Swedish and English

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-70
Author(s):  
Björn Lundquist
Keyword(s):  
Romance Languages ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Verb Morphology ◽  
Reference Time ◽  
Lexical Aspect ◽  
Temporal Interpretation ◽  
Viewpoint Aspect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Made In

It is well known that the aktionsart/lexical aspect of a predicate influences the temporal interpretation and the aspectual marking of a sentence, and also that languages differ with respect to which aktionsart properties feed into the tense-aspect system (see e.g. Bohnemeyer & Swift 2004). In this paper, I try to pin down the exact locus of variation between languages where the stative–dynamic distinction is mainly grammaticized (e.g. English, Saamáka) and languages where the telic–atelic distinction is mainly grammaticized (e.g. Swedish, Chinese and Russian). The focus will be on the differences between English and Swedish, and I will argue that these two languages crucially differ in the nature of Assertion Time (or Topic/Reference Time, Klein 1994, Demirdache & Uribe-Etxebarria 2000): whereas the assertion time in English is always punctual in imperfective contexts, assertion time in Swedish can extend to include minimal stages of events. The Assertion Time is introduced by a (viewpoint) aspect head that is present in both languages, but not phonologically realized. The difference can thus not be ascribed to the presence or absence of overt tense, aspect or verb morphology, or to a special tense value, as argued in one way or other by, for example, Giorgi & Pianesi (1997), Demirdache & Uribe-Etxebarria (2000) and Ramchand (2012). Once this factor (i.e. the nature of Assertion Time) has been isolated, it becomes evident that all verbs in English and Swedish, regardless of telicity or dynamicity, can be assigned either a perfective or an imperfective value. Moreover, I will argue that the English progressive–non-progressive (or ‘simple’) distinction is independent of viewpoint aspect (i.e. the perfective– imperfective distinction) made in, for example, the Romance languages.

scholarly journals XXXIV. Observations on the transit of Ve­nus, June the 6th, 1761, made in Spital-Square; the longitude of which is 4' 11" west of the Royal Observatory at Green­wich, and the latitude 51° 31' 15" north

1761 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 182-183
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
Royal Observatory ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Made In

Having measured the diameter of Venus, on the sun, three times, with the object-glass micrometer, the mean was found to be 58 seconds; and but 6/10 of a second, the difference of the extremes.

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