Potensi Reduksi Emisi GRK dan Kelayakan Finansial dari Teknologi Hidrotermal untuk Pengolahan Sampah di Kabupaten Tangerang

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Rania Salsabila Ayuvitari ◽  
Pini Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Atmospheric Concentrations ◽  
Waste Accumulation ◽  
Development Mechanism

Peningkatan konsentrasi gas rumah kaca (GRK) di atmosfer telah menimbulkan efek pemanasan global. Salah satu kontributor emisi GRK adalah penumpukan sampah di TPA tanpa pengolahan lebih lanjut. TPA Jatiwaringin di Kabupaten Tangerang diprediksi akan mengalami overcapacity, sehingga diperlukan mitigasi untuk mengurangi sampah di TPA, salah satunya dengan teknologi hidrotermal. Namun dalam penerapan teknologi hidrotermal membutuhkan biaya yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi potensi emisi GRK sebelum adanya proyek hidrotermal, mengestimasi potensi reduksi emisi GRK setelah adanya proyek hidrotermal, menganalisis kelayakan finansial dari proyek hidrotermal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) AMS-III.E untuk mengestimasi potensi reduksi emisi GRK proyek hidrotermal dan analisis cashflow untuk mengevaluasi kelayakan finansialnya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan emisi baseline pada tahun 2021 diestimasi sebesar 18.766 t CO2 e dan akan meningkat menjadi 21.865 t CO2 e (16,5%) pada tahun 2030. Emisi proyek diestimasi sebesar 5883 t CO2 e per tahun. Rata-rata persentase potensi reduksi emisi GRK dari proyek hidrotermal tahun 2021-2030 sebesar 70,94% (Skenario 2 putaran per hari) dan 68,26% (Skenario 3 putaran per hari). Proyek hidrotermal juga layak secara finansial, dengan syarat produk hidrotermal yaitu Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) dapat terjual setidaknya 72% dan jumlah iuran masyarakat yang terkumpul minimal 50% dari target penerimaan iuran. ABSTRACTAn increase in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) produces global warming effect. One of GHGs emissions contributors is waste accumulation of in the landfill. Jatiwaringin landfill in Tangerang Regency is predicted to reach overcapacity. Therefore, mitigation measures are required to reduce such waste. One of potential measures is hydrothermal treatment technology for urban scale, but its implementation is costly. This study aims to: estimate the potential GHGs emissions prior the hydrothermal project, estimate the potential GHGs emission reduction after the project, and analyze the financial feasibility of the project. This study employs Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) method i.e., AMS-III.E to estimate the GHGs emissions reduction potential of hydrothermal projects and cashflow analysis to evaluate the project financial feasibility. The results show that the baseline emissions in 2021 are estimated at 18,766 t CO2 e and would increase to 21,865 t CO2 e (16.5%) in 2030. The potential project emissions are estimated at 5883 t CO2 e per year. The GHGs emission reductions could reach 70.94% (2 batches per day) and 68.26% (3 batches per day) within 2021-2030. Furthermore, the hydrothermal project would be financially feasible, if the hydrothermal product i.e., Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) are sold at least 72% and the cumulative households-contribution is at least 50% of the target. 

scholarly journals The quality of carbon management accounting reporting as a financial barrier to clean development mechanism projects development

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-354
Author(s):  
André Luiz Bufoni ◽  
Aracéli Cristina de Sousa Ferreira ◽  
Luciano Basto Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Disclosure Quality ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Development Mechanism

Abstract Recent works reveal that financial attractiveness is a severe barrier to the GHG emissions reduction projects in developing countries. Because of price collapse of the carbon market since 2013, the importance of projects budgeting and forecast has risen. This article aims to investigate the financial information and disclosure quality of 432 projects of the waste management sector using UNFCCC’s Clean Development Mechanism as a Kyoto Protocol Instrument. The research used the qualitative content analysis methodology supported by NVivo® software. The results indicate that the lack of reporting standards and the poor-quality information lead to significant reduction of the audits utility, due to the uniformity, consistency, trustworthiness, and predictive and feedback qualitative characteristics of data presented. The real situation and the performance of initiatives are hardly known, but according to data activities, projects are continually compromised. However, the study concludes that the need for quality is a great professional and research field to explore.

scholarly journals Study on Clean Development Mechanism, Quantitative and Sustainable Mechanism

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Donghai Yuan ◽  
Lipeng Zheng ◽  
Yuan Cao ◽  
Xufeng Mao ◽  
Xueju Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Certified Emission Reduction ◽  
Development Mechanism

Aiming at the system and market problem of clean development mechanism (CDM), this study is carried out to establish the feasibility of certified emission reduction (CER) quantitative evaluation method and reserve mechanism in host country at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) level. After the introduction of CER quantitative and sustainable mechanism, the amount of CER that can enter the market was cut to a quarter, which reduces about 75% of the expected CER supply. Market CER from the technology types of higher CER market share and lower support for sustainable development appears to have different degrees of reduction. As for the technology types of lower CER market share and higher support for sustainable development, the amount of market CER is maintained in line with prevailing scenario, and market CER supply becomes more balanced.

Emission Capping & Trading, First of its Kind in ADNOC Group

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulla Humaid Alhosani ◽  
Nasir-ud-Din Humayun ◽  
Jawahar Kannan
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Carbon Price ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism Project ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Credits ◽  
Development Mechanism

Abstract The Spiking Gas Compressor project was installed in 2014, which reduces 65,000 tons of Carbon-di-oxide (CO2) emission annually. This was subsequently registered as a CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) project under UN convention and incidentally this was the first ADNOC project to be under this registration. The registration is the first step to claim for Carbon Credits under United Nations Framework of Clean Climate Convention (UNFCCC) scheme. No Carbon Credits were claimed under CDM since its commissioning in 2014 due to low carbon price. In 2019, we achieved the next big milestone of trading these accumulated carbon credits to an Austrian MNC. M/s MASDAR, pioneer in this field, who are also partner of ADNOC onshore in this green project, arranged an Upstream Emission Reduction (UER) buyer. The transaction is worth 65,000 tons of CO2 reduction and considerable monetary benefit. This transaction assumes significance not in terms of monetary value but a global recognition to ADNOC as a company amongst the leading players in the global arena in reducing the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. This project is the first & largest Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) registered in Oil & Gas industry in UAE. United Nations Framework Convention on Clean Climate (UNFCCC) recognized flare gas recovery through Spiking Gas Project as Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project to generate Carbon Credits. The project demonstrates the commitment and support of Abu Dhabi Government and ADNOC towards climate change mitigation measures. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) project demonstrated successful partnership with Masdar. The project was converted into to UER scheme. ADNOC Onshore & Masdar arranged a Buyer. Later, in compliance to ISO 14064/65, post Validation/ Verification by external auditors brought a considerable revenue to ADNOC.

scholarly journals Pengurangan Subsidi BBM dan Polusi Udara Melalui Kebijakan Program Konversi dari BBM ke BBG Untuk Kendaraan di Propinsi Jawa Barat

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Vita Susanti ◽  
Agus Hartanto ◽  
Ridwan Arief Subekti ◽  
Hendri Maja Saputra ◽  
Estiko Rijanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
First Year ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Profit ◽  
Development Mechanism

The  number  of  vehicle  that  use  oil  (BBM)  is  increasing  every  year  in  Indonesia  while  national  oil  reserve become smaller, so that the oil should be imported. The impact of using oil are increasing subsidy and air pollution.  Thus, it is now becoming important to replace oil with another environmentally friendly energy, one of them is gas (BBG). Based on the number of vehicle and infrastructure in gas pipeline, part of northern West Java potentially can  be  chosen  for  the  implementation  of  conversion  program  to  gas  (BBG).  The number  of  vehicle  in  potential regions  such  as  Depok,  Cibinong,  Bogor,  Bekasi,  Cikarang,  Karawang,  Purwakarta,  Cirebon,  and  Bandung  are around 875,505 units. From these data, we simulated the potential profit to be gained each year by converting 10% for the first year and increasing it to 5% for every year. By investing 3.16 trillion for conversion, 14.9 trillion can be achieved in  the  form  of  fuel  subsidy  savings.  In  addition,  emission  reduction  converted  to  a  CDM  (clean development  mechanism)  can  become  local  revenues.  Total CDM generated during 5 years predicted is of U.S $ 772,385. From this study, it can be concluded that converting oil (BBM) to gas (BBG) is highly beneficial. 

scholarly journals Clean Development, Energy Substitution, and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) Project Implementation in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 860
Author(s):  
Beibei Shi ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Rong Kang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Project Implementation ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Development Mechanism

In the face of increasingly severe climate change and its disastrous effects, how to effectively tackle it and reduce carbon dioxide emissions has become an important global issue. Clean development mechanism (CDM) project implementation provides an opportunity for more developing countries to actively participate in global climate governance. As the largest global emitter of carbon dioxide, have China’s CDM projects slowed down carbon dioxide emissions? In order to answer this question, the study constructs panel data at the provincial level from 2000 to 2017 to investigate the emission-reduction effects of China’s CDM projects. Results showed that China’s CDM projects’ implementation significantly reduced carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) and the growth rate of carbon dioxide emissions. The emission reduction effects of different types of CDM projects have obvious heterogeneity. In addition, this study further found that China’s CDM projects’ implementation can not only effectively substitute traditional fossil energy, but also improve energy-utilization efficiency.

Diffusion of the Clean Development Mechanism

2010 ◽  
pp. 193-206
Author(s):  
Shaikh M. Rahman ◽  
Ariel Dinar ◽  
Donald F. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
First Commitment Period ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Abatement ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Development Mechanism

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol is an innovation that combines greenhouse gas abatement targets with sustainable development objectives. This chapter provides an estimate of the overall growth pattern of the CDM and makes projections about CDM activity during and beyond the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol commitments under current rules. The results imply that if the emission reduction targets remain unchanged beyond the first commitment period, further expansion of the CDM pipeline is unlikely.

Diffusion of the Clean Development Mechanism

2011 ◽  
pp. 1572-1586
Author(s):  
Shaikh M. Rahman ◽  
Ariel Dinar ◽  
Donald F. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
First Commitment Period ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Abatement ◽  
Development Objectives ◽  
Development Mechanism

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol is an innovation that combines greenhouse gas abatement targets with sustainable development objectives. This chapter provides an estimate of the overall growth pattern of the CDM and makes projections about CDM activity during and beyond the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol commitments under current rules. The results imply that if the emission reduction targets remain unchanged beyond the first commitment period, further expansion of the CDM pipeline is unlikely.

Analysis and Quantitative Evaluation of Power Grid Corporation’s Carbon Emission Reduction Potential

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2624-2629
Author(s):  
Xiao Xuan Zhang ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
Su Yang ◽  
Tao Cai
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Reduction Potential ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Emission Reduction Potential ◽  
Carbon Emissions Reduction

As an important part of energy industry, power grid plays a pivotal and irreplaceable role in promoting low-carbon development. In this paper, the carbon emission reduction potential of power grid corporation was systematically analyzed from qualitative and quantitative perspectives respectively. First, this paper discussed the pathways of power grid corporation’s carbon emissions reduction, including decreasing line loss, promoting clean energy development, and so on. Then, a quantitative evaluation model for carbon emissions reduction potential of power grid corporation was developed. Based on the model, the carbon emission reduction benefits that promoted and achieved by State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC) in 2010 and 2015 were calculated. The results show that the carbon emission reduction benefits of SGCC is 138 million tons in 2010, and will be 481.8 million tons in 2015.

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