scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Jeruju Acanthus ilicifolius terhadap Bakteri Multi Drug Resistant

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Delianis Pringgenies ◽  
Wilis Ari Setyati ◽  
Dwicahyo Setiyo Wibowo ◽  
Ali Djunaedi
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Fraction I

This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of the Jeruju fraction extract (roots, stems and leaves) against Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria. Extraction uses the solid-liquid extraction method. Fractionation was done by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and Open Column Chromatography (OCC). The antibacterial activity was tested by the diffusion method for different concentrations. The test bacteria were MDR bacteria: Klebsiella sp, Coagulant negative stapylococi (CNS), Enterobacter 5, Enterobacter 10, E. Coli and Pseudomonas sp. The activity test results showed the crude extract of the root with ethyl acetate solvent had the highest antibacterial activity. The results of the Open Column Chromatography activity test showed that the fraction I, II and III of the root extracts had antibacterial activity against the test bacteria. Fraction I was active against Enterobacter 5 with inhibition zones of 10.0 ± 0.34 mm. Fraction II was active against Coagulant negative stapylococi with inhibition zone diameters of 11.80 ± 0.16 mm. Fraction III has the highest antibacterial activity against Enterobacter 10, Klebsiella sp, Pseudomonas sp. danE. Coli successively produce inhibition zones (13.98mm ± 0.58), (13.22mm ± 0.50), (13.15mm ± 1.15) and (13.10mm ± 0.04) and the highest in and Results the study concluded that root extracts had the highest antibacterial bioactivity compounds compared to stem and leaf extract samples. Furthermore, the MDR antibacterial activity test showed that the sample III fraction had the best inhibitory zone on the best bacteria as an anti-bacterial MDR: Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter 10, E. Coli and Pseudomonas sp  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri fraksi ekstrak Jeruju, (akar, batang dan daun) terhadap bakteri Multi Drug Resistant (MDR). Ekstraksi menggunakan metode ekstraksi padat-cair. Fraksinasi dilakukan dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) dan Kromatografi Kolom Terbuka (KKT). Uji aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi agar konsentrasi yang berbeda. Bakteri uji adalah bakteri MDR: Klebsiella sp, Coagulant negative stapylococi (CNS), Enterobacter 5, Enterobacter 10, E. Coli dan Pseudomonas sp. Hasil uji aktifitas antibakteri menunjukan ekstrak kasar akar dengan pelarut etil asetat memiliki aktifitas antibakteri tertinggi pada semua bakteri uji. Hasil uji aktivitas fraksi Kromatografi Kolom Terbuka memperlihatkan fraksi I, II dan III ekstrak akar memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri uji. Fraksi I aktif terhadap Enterobacter 5 dengan zona hambat 10,0±0,34 mm. Fraksi II aktif terhadap Coagulant negative stapylococi dengan diameter zona hambat 11,80±0,16 mm. Fraksi III memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang paling tinggi terhadap Enterobacter 10, Klebsiella sp, Pseudomonas sp. dan E. Coli. berturut – turut menghasilkan zona hambat (13,98mm ±0,58), (13,22mm ±0,50), (13,15mm ±1,15) dan (13,10mm ±0,04) serta tertinggi pada dan Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak akar memiliki senyawa bioaktifitas antibakteri tertinggi dibandingkan sampel ekstrak batang dan daun. Selanjutnya uji aktifitas antibakteri MDR memperlihatkan bahwa sampel fraksi III memiliki zona hambat terbaik pada bakteri terbaik sebagai anti bakteri MDR: Klebsiella sp, Enterobacter 10, E. Coli dan Pseudomonas sp

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity Test of Nudibranches Polka - Dot (Jorunna funebris) (Gastropods : Molusc) Extract Against Multi(Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Nudibranch Polka-Dot (Jorunna funebris) (Gastropoda : Moluska) Terhadap Bakteri Multidrug Resistant (MDR))

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Delianis Pringgenies ◽  
Masnah Jumiati ◽  
Ali Ridho
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Antibiotic Effect ◽  
Fraction I

Terjadinya resistensi antibiotik menjadi permasalahan dalam dunia kesehatan. Peningkatan kemampuan patogen dalam menahan efek obat menyebabkan timbulnya resistensi. Beberapa bakteri patogen pada manusia dilaporkan telah mengalami resistensi terhadap lebih dari satu kelas antibiotik. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, maka perlu dilakukan pencarian senyawa antibiotik baru yang lebih efektif dalam mengatasi permasalahan bakteri Multi-drug Resistant (MDR). Metabolit sekunder yang diproduksi oleh invertebrata laut  mempunyai prospek sebagai bahan obat dari laut. Nudibranch diduga mampu menghasilkan metabolit sekunder sebagai mekanisme pertahanan diri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui fraksi dari ekstrak nudibranch Jorunna funebris yang menunjukkan bioaktivitas terhadap bakteri Multi-drug Resistant (MDR). Proses ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi. Fraksinasi dengan Kromatografi Kolom Terbuka (KKT). Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi agar. Analisis komponen senyawa dengan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 8 fraksi ekstrak nudibranch J. funebris menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri. Hasil uji aktivitas menunjukkan fraksi I paling aktif terhadap 5 bakteri uji yaitu Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter 5 dan Enterobacter 10 dengan rata-rata zona hambatan secara berurutan sebesar 12,78 mm; 12,51 mm; 15,47 mm; 14,09 mm dan 12,46 mm. Fraksi II paling aktif terhadap bakteri Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus dengan rata-rata zona hambatan sebesar 12,70 mm. Analisis GC-MS menunjukkan bahwa dalam fraksi II terdapat senyawa 1-oktadekanol yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Kata kunci : nudibranch, Jorunna funebris, antibakteri, multi-drug resistant, 1-oktadekanol Emergence of antibiotic resistance become a problems on medical world. Increasing pathogen ability to hold the antibiotic effect caused resistance. Several human-patogen bacteria were resistance to one or more classes of antibiotics. To solve those problems, it is necessary to search new antibiotic compounds that more effective to solve the problem of Multi-drug Resistant (MDR). The secondary metabolite produced by marine invertebrates have prospect as a marine biomedical. Nudibranch may produce the secondary metabolite as chemical defense mechanism. The purpose of the research was to obtain fraction from extract nudibranch Jorunna funebris that capable of bioactivity for Multi-drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria. Extraction process was conducted with maceration method. Crude extracts were fractionated by Open Column Chromatography. Antibacterial activity test was done using disk diffusion method. Chemical compounds were analyzed with GC-MS. The result showed that 8 fractions of nudibranch J. funebris extract showed antibacterial activity. Activity test showed fraction I has ability to inhibit Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter 5 and Enterobacter 10 with average value of inhibitory zone was 12,78 mm; 12,51 mm; 15,47 mm; 14,09 mm and 12,46 mm. Fraction II has ability to inhibit Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus with mean inhibitory zone was 12,70 mm. GC-MS analyses showed 1-octadecanol from fraction II, that capable as antibacterial compound. Key words: nudibranch, Jorunna funebris, antibacterial, multi-drug resistant, 1-octadecanol

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN TEMBELEKAN (Lantana camara Linn) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli

Biocelebes ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Gaby Maulida Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
One Way Anova

This study aimed to determine the effect of concentration ethanol extract from tembelakan leaf (Lantana camara Linn)  on bacteria growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Extraction was done by maceration using ethanol 96% and then separated using rotary evaporator. Antibacterial activity test of the ethanol extract by Well agar diffusion method. Variation in crude extract saponin used in this study was 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and positive controls were used for comparison with Amoxicilin and Chloramphenicole concentration of 25 µg/mL and DMSO as a negative control. The results of antibacterial activity test is indicated by the formation of growth inhibitory region S. aureus and E. coli. The result of growth inhibitory regions was analyzed by One way ANOVA. One way ANOVA test results indicate that there are effects of ethanol extract concentration of tembelekan leaf (L. camara Linn) against S. aureus and E. coli. Effective concentration of ethanol extract tembelekan leaf (L. camara Linn) when compared with positive control to inhibit the growth of S. aureus and E. coli is at 25% with a relatively strong antibacterial activity. Test with phytochemicals screening method which is showed that tembelekan leaf contains the flavanoid, saponins, and tannins compounds as antibacterial

scholarly journals Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Sawo Manila Terhadap Pertumbuhan Salmonella thypi

Lontara ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
Anita Anita ◽  
Nurul Ni’ma Azis ◽  
Eka Safitri
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
I 11 ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Harmful Effects

Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) is a plant that is traditionally used to treat several types of diseases, one of which is typhoid fever. Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) is safe for consumption because it does not have harmful effects on the human body. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of extracts to inhibit the growth of Salmonella thypi. Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) was extracted with 70% ethanol using maceration method. This type of research is experimental laboratory. Antibacterial activity test was carried out using the diffusion method to be layered n the Muller Hilton Agar (MHA) medium and an incubation period of 24 hours at 370C. The test results showed that sawo manila at a concentration of 50% showed the presence of inhibition zones with a diameter of I: 4 mm, II: 5 mm, III: 6 mm and at a concentration of 100% also showed the presence of inhibition zones with a diameter of I: 11 mm, II: 13 mm, III: 12 mm. From the results of the study showed Sawo manila (Manilkara zapota) can effectively inhibit Salmonella thypi so that it can be used as an alternative treatment.

scholarly journals The Activities of Plant Extracts Heritage of Melayu Culture-Riau Archipelago on Bacteria Causing Diarrhea

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Rodesia Mustika Roza
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Shigella Flexneri ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Major Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Riau Archipelago

Diarrhea is one of the major health problems in Indonesia. Lingga Malay ethnic in Riau archipelago use alternative medicines in a form of a obat pahit potion to treat diarrhea. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of obat pahit extraction against Escherichia coli ATCC 11775, Salmonella ATCC 14028 and Shigella flexneri ATCC 12022. Antibacterial activity can be seen with the formation of inhibitory zone using diffusion method. The extract concentration used were 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%. Based on the antibacterial activity test, the largest inhibitory zone against E. coli was found at 100% Cnestis palala extract of 8.29 mm and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 25% traditional medicine practioner (TMP) 2 SP4 of 5.73 mm. The more over, the largest inhibitory zone to S. was found at 100% Bauhinia semibifida of 8.81 mm; and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 50% TMP 2 SP4 of 6.30 mm. Antibacterial activity with the largest inhibitory zone against S. flexneri at 75% C. palala of 6.21 mm and the smallest inhibitory zone was found at 50% TMP 2 SP4 of 5.62 mm.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK ETANOL BAWANG DAYAK (Eleutherine americana Merr) TERHADAP BAKTERI Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli DAN Salmonella typhi

PHARMACON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Rafi’a Adinda Putri ◽  
Herny E.I. Simbala ◽  
Deby A. Mpila
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Paper Disk ◽  
Eleutherine Americana

ABSTRACTDayak onions (Eleutherine americana Merr) has been used as a traditional plant which has  benefits  for  many  diseases,  one  of  them  is  antibacterial. This study aims to determine the growth inhibition of ethanol extract of Dayak onions leaves on the bacterium S. aureus, E. coli and  S. typhi using three concentrations of 20%, 40% and 60%. Extraction was done by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Antibacterial activity test was performing using the paper disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer diffusion). The results showed that ethanol extract of bawang dayak has the potential as an antibacterial and has antibacterial strength against S. aureus, E. coli and S. typhi. At concentrations of 20%, 40% and 60% forming inhibition zone diameters (16.23 mm, 19.18 mm, 21.25 mm) S. aureus, (10.7 mm, 13.98 mm, 15.87 mm) E. coli, and  (14.43 mm, 14.6 mm, 17.2 mm) S. typhi. At concentration of 20%, 40% and 60% included strong groups to inhibit E. coli and  S. typhi, while at concentration of 60%, it is included in a very strong group to inhibit the S. aureus bacteria. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, Bawang Dayak , Kirby-Bauer diffusion method   ABSTRAK Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine americana Merr) telah digunakan sebagai tanaman tradisional yang bermanfaat bagi banyak penyakit salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak etanol bawang dayak terhadap bakteri S. aureus, E.coli dan S. typhi menggunakan tiga kosentrasi yaitu 20%, 40% dan 60%. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan  menggunkan metode difusi dengan cakram kertas (difusi Kirby-Bauer). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol bawang dayak berpotensi sebagai antibakteri dan memiliki kekuatan antibakteri terhadap S. aureus, E. coli dan S. typhi. Pada konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60% membentuk diameter zona hambat (16.23 mm, 19.18 mm, 21.25 mm) pada S. aureus, (10.7 mm, 13.98 mm, 15,87 mm) pada E. coli, (14.43 mm, 14.6 mm, 17.2 mm) pada S. typhi. Pada konsentrasi 20%, 40% dan 60% termasuk golongan kuat untuk menghambat bakteri E. coli dan S. typhi, sedangkan pada konsentrasi 60% termasuk dalam golongan sangat kuat untuk menghambat bakteri S. aureus. Kata kunci: Aktivitas antibakteri, Bawang Dayak, metode difusi Kirby-Bauer

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Polyeugenol with High Molecular Weight

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Erwin Abdul Rahim ◽  
Nur Istiqomah ◽  
Gilang Almilda ◽  
Ahmad Ridhay ◽  
Ni Ketut Sumarni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Escherichia Coli Bacteria

This study was aimed to prepare polyeugenol with high molecular weight and to evaluate its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. First, polyeugenol was synthesized from eugenol in the presence of H2SO4-CH3COOH (4:1) as catalyst. The synthesized polyeugenol was weighed by using viscometer, revealing its high molecular weight of (7.76–21.9) × 105 g/mol. Furthermore, the antibacterial activity of the polyeugenol was conducted against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. It was conducted by applying well diffusion method at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% concentrations to observe inhibition zones, in which the tests showed that the antibacterial activity of the polyeugenol against S. aureus were 17.42, 17.76, 18.79, 21.42 and 22.55 mm, while those against E. coli were 15.87, 17.23, 17.56, 18.24 and 19.21 mm, respectively. In short, these results indicated a strong antibacterial activity. Then, tests on antioxidant activity against free radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl) gave the IC50 value of 80.47 µg/mL, indicating a strong antioxidant activity. Therefore, the polymer synthesized in this work has a high potential to be applied in various biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Metanol Bunga Teratai (Nymphaea pubescens Willd)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Amalia Khairunnisa ◽  
Nashrul Wathan ◽  
Mia Fitriana ◽  
Fadlilaturrahmah Fadlilaturrahmah ◽  
Nisriyati Fiddina
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Activity Test

Nymphaea pubescens Willd telah diketahui mempunyai efek antibakteri, terutama pada biji dan daunnya. Tetapi sampai saat ini bagian bunga dari tanaman tersebut belum dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melakukan skrining fitokimia, uji aktivitas antibakteri dan penentuan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) dari ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens terhadap S. aureus dan E. coli. Proses ekstraksi bunga N. pubescens dimaserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol dengan perbandingan 1: 4 b/v. Metode pengujian yang digunakan ada dua yaitu metode difusi untuk pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dan metode dilusi untuk pengukuran konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM). Hasil skrining fitokimia didapatkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens mengandung senyawa golongan fenolik, saponin dan flavonoid. Hasil pengujian aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N.pubescens mampu menghambat S. aureus (diameter hambat 10 ± 0,29 mm) dan E.coli (diameter hambat 10,2 ± 0,50 mm). Konsentrasi hambat minimum dari ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens terhadap S.aureus sebesar 12,5% dan terhadap E.coli sebesar 25%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak metanol bunga N. pubescens memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Nymphaea pubescens Willd has known to have antibacterial effects, especially on the seeds and leaves. However, until now the flower of the plant has not been tested for antibacterial activity. The purpose of this study was to perform phytochemical screening, antibacterial activity test and determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers against S. aureus and E. coli. The process of extracting N. pubescens flowers is macerated using methanol as a solvent with a ratio of 1: 4 w / v. There are two test methods used, namely the diffusion method for testing antibacterial activity and the dilution method for measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results of phytochemical screening showed that the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers contained phenolic compounds, saponins, and flavonoids. The results of the antibacterial activity test showed that the methanol extract of N.pubescens flowers was able to inhibit S. aureus (inhibition diameter 10 ± 0.29 mm) and E. coli (inhibitory diameter 10.2 ± 0.50 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration of the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers against S.aureus was 12.5% and against E. coli was 25%. It can be concluded that the methanol extract of N. pubescens flowers has antibacterial activityKeywords: Nymphaea pubescens, lotus flower, methanol extract, antibacterial

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CELERY LEAVES (APIUM GRAVEOLENS L.) FORMULATED IN TOOTHPASTE AGAINST STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-16
Author(s):  
ERZA GENATRIKA ◽  
FITA SATRIANI ◽  
INDRI HAPSARI
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Apium Graveolens ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Infusion Agar

Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the antibacterial activity of the toothpaste from an extract of celery leaves on Streptococcusmutans.Methods: The toothpaste was formulated with various concentrations of celery leaves, F1 with concentration of extract (6.25%), F2 (12.5%), andF3 (25%). Each formula was tested the physical characteristics and antibacterial activity toward S. mutans. The antibacterial activity was determinedby the agar well diffusion method using brain heart infusion agar plates. Furthermore, the antibacterial activities were assessed by the presence orabsence of inhibition zones after the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 h.Results: The results from this test illustrate that all toothpastes under study at various concentrations of celery leaves extract exhibited antibacterialactivity. Maximum inhibition zone in antibacterial activity test was shown by F2 (12.5%). Therefore, we can use these toothpastes as naturalantibacterial on prevention of dental caries caused S. mutans.Conclusion: The toothpaste from an extract of celery leaves showed significant antibacterial activity against S. mutans.

scholarly journals Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antibacterial activity of Plumbago indica (Laal chitrak) root extracts against drug-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 435-444
Author(s):  
Salim Faruk Bashir ◽  
Gaurav Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Plumbago Indica

Abstract Drug resistance is one of the problems affecting the world where drug-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae have been shown to be ubiquitous, frequently isolated from foods and commonly associated with surgical site infection in hospitals worldwide. The aims of this work were to analyze the antibacterial activity of root extracts of the plant obtained by serial extraction (using petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, and water) and by in vitro techniques and preliminary screen phytochemicals present in the extract by qualitative means. Fresh roots of Plumbago indica were collected, oven-dried, and extracted using Soxhlet apparatus; antibacterial activity, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of the active extract were evaluated by standard methods against clinically isolated drug-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae; preliminary phytochemical screening was taken to detect the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, reducing sugars, phenolics, protein, and oil and fat; and bioactive compounds were detected by GCMS analysis of the active extracts. Determination of antibacterial activity showed that the test organisms were susceptible to methanol and aqueous extracts only. MIC of methanolic extract was found to be 20 µg/mL on both E. coli and K. pneumoniae, while aqueous extract had MIC of 10 and 20 µg/mL on E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of all the above-mentioned phytochemicals except oil and fat. The significance of this work is to find a lasting solution to the current problem of emerging drug-resistant bacteria (E. coli and K. pneumoniae) through the use of extracts obtained from P. indica which have long history of use as traditional medicine. The methanolic and aqueous extract can be recommended as an alternative and candidates for drug development against drug-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK LENGKUAS PUTIH (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd) TERHADAP BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniae

PHARMACON ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 781
Author(s):  
Selphina Kumowal ◽  
Fatimawali Fatimawali ◽  
Imam Jayanto
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Alpinia Galanga ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Inhibition Zones ◽  
Nanoparticle Formulation ◽  
Nano Size

ABSTRACTWhite galangal rhizome (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd's) scientifically proven has properties as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antitumor, antioxidant and cytotoxic. In nano size, the contact surface area of the particle becomes larger which can increase the amount of active substance which is isolated more so that the antibacterial activity is stronger. This study aims to determine whether the white galangal extract nanoparticles have antibacterial activity against the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and measure the inhibitory ability of white galangal extract nanoparticles against bacterial growth and compared with white galangal ethanol extract. White galangal was extracted using maceration method with ethanol solvent and nanoparticle formulation made of white galangal extract by ionic gelation method. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using agar diffusion method and observations were made 1x24 hours incubation period, with inhibition zones measured using a millimeter ruler. The results showed that the white galangal extract nanoparticles had antibacterial activity to inhibit the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae, with the results of inhibition zone measurements of 22.5 mm. Keywords : Antibacterial, Extraction, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Nanoparticles, White galangal. ABSTRAKRimpang lengkuas putih (Alpinia galanga (L.) Willd) memiliki khasiat yang sudah dibuktikan secara ilmiah sebagai antibakteri, antijamur, antikanker, antitumor, antioksidan dan sitotoksik. Dalam ukuran nano, luas kontak permukaan partikel menjadi lebih besar yang dapat meningkatkan jumlah zat aktif yang terisolasi lebih banyak sehingga aktivitas antibakteri semakin kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah nanopartikel ekstrak lengkuas putih memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae serta mengukur kemampuan daya hambat nanopartikel ekstrak lengkuas putih terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri dan dibandingkan dengan ekstrak etanol lengkuas putih. Lengkuas putih diekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol dan dibuat formulasi nanopartikel ekstrak lengkuas putih dengan metode gelasi ionik. Untuk pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dan pengamatan dilakukan 1x24 jam masa inkubasi, dengan zona hambat diukur menggunakan penggaris millimeter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel ekstrak lengkuas putih memiliki aktivitas antibakteri untuk menghambat bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae, dengan hasil pengukuran zona hambat sebesar 22,5 mm. Kata Kunci : Lengkuas putih, Nanopartikel, Antibakteri, Ekstraksi, Klebsiella pneumoniae.

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