scholarly journals Resurrection plants: Imperative resources in developing strategies to drought and desiccation pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-341
Author(s):  
Afroz Alam ◽  
Ananya Dwivedi ◽  
Iwuala Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Desiccation Stress ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Resurrection Plants ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Developing Strategies

Resurrection plants are the vital assets of nature that have amazing mechanism to restrict the negative impacts of drought or desiccation stress by diminishing cell damage. These surprising plants are in minority on this planet but have the potential to serve as a powerful resource for developing new strategies for major crop plants that are unable to adapt well to the arid climate. In this review, an attempt is made to highlight the potential aspects of these resurrection plants especially the genetic engineering facet which has been done to develop drought tolerance in economically important plants.

Genetic Engineering of Crop Plants for Drought Tolerance:Role of Transcription Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendran Host Antony David ◽  
Stanislaus Antony Ceasar ◽  
Krishnaraj Thirugnanasambantham ◽  
Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Crop Plants

scholarly journals Zsírsavtúltengés – inzulinrezisztencia és β-sejt-halál

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (19) ◽  
pp. 733-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miklós Csala
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
New Strategies

The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes correlates with the rapid spread of obesity worldwide. Adipocytes are strained by the demand of excessive storage, and the local inflammation accelerates triglyceride turnover, which elevates the plasma levels of free fatty acids. Sustained hyper-free fatty acidemia leads to disturbances in cellular functions (lipotoxicity) or even to programmed cell death. Activated stress kinases interfere with insulin signaling, and often facilitate apoptosis. Hyper-free fatty acidemia, therefore, links obesity to diabetes through insulin resistance and β-cell damage. Lipotoxicity research – including the comparison of the effects exerted by saturated, unsaturated and trans fatty acids – provides explanations for long-known phenomena. Our widening knowledge in the field offers new strategies for prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(19), 733–739.

Genetic engineering intervention in crop plants for developing biopesticides

2022 ◽  
pp. 237-245
Author(s):  
Shambhu Krishan Lal ◽  
Sahil Mehta ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
Madan Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Engineering Intervention

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Analysis of LIM Family Genes in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) and Characterization of the Role of SiWLIM2b in Drought Tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Yang ◽  
Ming Chen ◽  
Jian-Chang Sun ◽  
Yue Yu ◽  
Dong-Hong Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Rice ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Gene Promoters ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
Lim Proteins

LIM proteins have been found to play important roles in many life activities, including the regulation of gene expression, construction of the cytoskeleton, signal transduction and metabolic regulation. Because of their important roles in many aspects of plant development, LIM genes have been studied in many plant species. However, the LIM gene family has not yet been characterized in foxtail millet. In this study, we analyzed the whole genome of foxtail millet and identified 10 LIM genes. All LIM gene promoters contain MYB and MYC cis-acting elements that are related to drought stress. Based on the presence of multiple abiotic stress-related cis-elements in the promoter of SiWLIM2b, we chose this gene for further study. We analyzed SiWLIM2b expression under abiotic stress and hormone treatments using qRT-PCR. We found that SiWLIM2b was induced by various abiotic stresses and hormones. Under drought conditions, transgenic rice of SiWLIM2b-overexpression had a higher survival rate, higher relative water content and less cell damage than wild type (WT) rice. These results indicate that overexpression of the foxtail millet SiWLIM2b gene enhances drought tolerance in transgenic rice, and the SiWLIM2b gene can potentially be used for molecular breeding of crops with increased resistance to abiotic stress.

scholarly journals Seed Priming: A Feasible Strategy to Enhance Drought Tolerance in Crop Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (21) ◽  
pp. 8258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishvanathan Marthandan ◽  
Rathnavel Geetha ◽  
Karunanandham Kumutha ◽  
Vellaichamy Gandhimeyyan Renganathan ◽  
Adhimoolam Karthikeyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Farming Community

Drought is a serious threat to the farming community, biasing the crop productivity in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Drought adversely affects seed germination, plant growth, and development via non-normal physiological processes. Plants generally acclimatize to drought stress through various tolerance mechanisms, but the changes in global climate and modern agricultural systems have further worsened the crop productivity. In order to increase the production and productivity, several strategies such as the breeding of tolerant varieties and exogenous application of growth regulators, osmoprotectants, and plant mineral nutrients are followed to mitigate the effects of drought stress. Nevertheless, the complex nature of drought stress makes these strategies ineffective in benefiting the farming community. Seed priming is an alternative, low-cost, and feasible technique, which can improve drought stress tolerance through enhanced and advanced seed germination. Primed seeds can retain the memory of previous stress and enable protection against oxidative stress through earlier activation of the cellular defense mechanism, reduced imbibition time, upsurge of germination promoters, and osmotic regulation. However, a better understanding of the metabolic events during the priming treatment is needed to use this technology in a more efficient way. Interestingly, the review highlights the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of seed priming for enhancing the drought tolerance in crop plants. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities associated with various priming methods are also addressed side-by-side to enable the use of this simple and cost-efficient technique in a more efficient manner.

Genetic engineering of crop plants: from genome to gene

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 (01) ◽  
pp. 15-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Forster ◽  
M. A. Lee ◽  
U. Lundqvist ◽  
S. Millam ◽  
K. Vamling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Transitional Phase ◽  
Selection Of

Genetic engineering of crop plants has been in progress since the dawn of agriculture, about 10 000 years ago. For millennia the genetic make-up of our crop plants has been changed by mankind's selection of naturally occurring variants. As the trade routes were developed, novel plant types were introduced into new environments and provided more variation from which to choose. At the end of the nineteenth century an understanding of the laws of heredity was gained and plant breeding protocols were devised whereby selection became accompanied by deliberate crossing. As the knowledge of the genetic structure of crop plants improved, new ways of manipulation were invented and exploited. Indeed plant breeding became a testing bed for new ideas in genetics. For the plant breeder the techniques which were most widely employed in the past were those which aided breeding, for example techniques which speeded up the production of new varieties, but still used traditional routes of crossing and selection. This was a transitional phase between plant breeding as an art and plant breeding as a science.

Genetic engineering of crop plants

Endeavour ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Conrad Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Crop Plants
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