scholarly journals The Role of the Mojahedin Khalq Before and After the Islamic Revolution of Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 288-299
Author(s):  
Najleh Khandagh
Keyword(s):  
Main Question ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Political Groups ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
The Revolution

The Mojahedin Khalq Organization was formed in 1965 with an organizational and religious approach and was one of the political groups that fought against both the Pahlavi regime and the Islamic Republic. The main purpose of this group was to oppose the government and their armed methods. In 1971, after the execution of the organization's main leaders, members of the organization came to the conclusion that Islam did not meet the organization's goals for guerrilla and armed operations, and that Marxism could replace Islamic ideology, which were divided into Marxist and religious branches. The religious groups of the Mojahedin Khalq Organization joined Imam Khomeini in 1975, but the Marxist branch, led by Rajavi, fought against the revolution with the idea of seeking supremacy. The main question of this research is how the Mojahedin Khalq Organization has changed its ideological positions and approach to Marxism. In response to this question, it is hypothesized that the Marxist course of the members of the organization gradually began from September 1941 onwards and finally this organization took on a Marxist form and content. This article examines the principles of thought of the Mojahedin Khalq Organization, the process of ideological deviation of the organization and the reason for the failure of the organization and the strategy and performance of this organization after the revolution. The present research has been done using the method of interviews, library and documents in an analytical-descriptive method.

scholarly journals Bissu on Contesting Indigeneity with Islamic Puritanism in the Sacred Arena

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Suheri Suheri ◽  
Rabiatul Adawiah ◽  
Ahmed Sarjoon Razick ◽  
Hasse Jubba
Keyword(s):  
Young Generation ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Dominant Influence

The presence of Islam in the Bugis Bone tribe not only changes people's beliefs but also traditional activities such as wedding rituals, mappalili (traditional ceremonies before planting rice), guarding arajang (heirlooms). The positions of Bissu, who is an indigenous leader, are very influential in the Bugis Bone community, but nowadays, its existence is discredited by the presence of Islamic hegemony. This research focuses on the transformation of the perseverance of Bissu in the leadership of traditional rituals in the Bugis Bone Tribe, before and after interacting with Islamic religious values. This study uses a descriptive method that describes the social conditions in the life of Bissu, by observation and interview techniques to the Bissu, Muslim leaders, and cultural actor. This study found the fact that the existence of Islam had a dominant influence on the social status of Bissu, which resulted in their role as leaders of traditional rituals being less respected by the community. The role of Bissu in daily activities has become less involved because it has been replaced by the values of religious puritanism. The government needs to educate the history of Bissu and the cultural traditions of Bone to the public and young generation. 

scholarly journals Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Pembinaan Sikap Spiritual dan Sosial di Sekolah Menengah Pertama

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 358-375
Author(s):  
Desi Karlina
Keyword(s):  
School Facilities ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Many ◽  
Descriptive Method

Globalization has resulted in a shift in human morals, marked by the many cases of moral deviations that are rife in various parts of Indonesia so that the application of spiritual attitudes has not been maximized. The attitude of dishonesty is shown by the number of students who cheat on the test, and the attitude of indiscipline is shown by the number of students who are late so that the application of social attitudes does not seem to be visible. The role of PAI teachers is considered quite important for the development of these two attitudes. At SMPN 1 Darussalam, PAI teachers have played a role in fostering spiritual and social attitudes. Big. This research was conducted with a field study using a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews and documentation. The results showed the role of PAI teachers in fostering spiritual attitudes by praying before and after lessons, praying in congregation, doing charity activities every Friday, and religious activities. The role of PAI teachers in fostering social attitudes is carried out through social service activities, visiting the Disabled Foundation and nursing homes, getting used to the 3S (smile, greeting, greeting), reporting to the teacher what items are found, punishing students who are late. Factors supporting the role of Islamic Education teachers in fostering spiritual and social attitudes are seen from adequate school facilities in the form of female/male prayer rooms, learning media such as LCD, the use of active methods. While the inhibiting factors include the lack of adequate facilities, especially LCDs, the lack of interest in teachers and knowledge, and the lack of interest in students to improve themselves.

scholarly journals Implementation of Finger Print Electronic Absental Policy on Discipline and Performance of Civil Servants in The Government Office of Seluma Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Dian Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Finger Print ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Descriptive Method

Describe the implementation of the fingerprint electronic absence policy on the discipline and performance of civil servants as well as the impact it has on implementing the fingerprint electronic absence policy. Qualitative descriptive method describes various conditions and situations as the object of research. The data collection techniques used were observation, documentation and interviews. After the implementation of fingerprint electronic attendance, discipline increases and obligations as employees have been carried out in accordance with applicable regulations. The application of sanctions in the regional government of seluma regency is in accordance with the regulations of civil servants and the provision of rewards for employees who excel has been carried out properly, to inspire other employees, so that they can work better.  

scholarly journals Keterlibatan Masyarakat Urban dalam Pengolahan Sampah Rumah Tangga

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Yosica Mariana
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Regional Governments

Generally, activities conducted by people generate waste. The waste which increasingly rises causing a big problem. Therefore, the role of community in waste management will strongly support the process of solving the waste problem in the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of engagement and active participation of citizens, as reflected in the attitude of citizens in the activities related to the response to the waste problem in the community. A descriptive method was used in this study to describe the involvement and participation in the prevention of waste. The result showed that the paradigm of PSBM (community-based waste management) appeared sporadically and has not yet received the maximum support from regional governments. A paradigm which is “people pay, the government manages“, has grown within the community for years. It would hardly change people’s behaviour patterns in solving the waste problem in the community since changing the city into a city that is clean, comfortable and healthy involved many parties, including the community.

scholarly journals Privatization in State-Owned Enterprises: A Systematic Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Salma Shofia Rosyda ◽  
Sam'un Jaja Raharja
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Government Ownership ◽  
Personal Benefit ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Role Of The Government

One of the effective ways to improve the governance of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) is through privatization. A common problem that occurs at present in SOEs is that state-owned companies are inefficient in the use of resources, especially labor. The purpose of this research is to comprehend what is important in privatization, using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. Some things that are important in the privatization of State-Owned Enterprises include privatization performance based on privatization activities, success factors, CSR in privatized SOEs, and performance after reducing government ownership. An improvement of performance both in terms of attainment and income along with a decrease in CSR were likely experienced by SOEs when privatizing. In addition, this research was also conducted to find out whether there were parts that had become worse after privatization. The privatization of SOEs was carried out by modernizing the economy. The decrease in performance of CSR could be minimized by social activities carried out by the company. The role of the government was very important in the supervision of SOEs so no one was able to gain personal benefit. The involvement of stakeholders was very important in this process because it could increase the trust of shareholders. During privatization, cooperating partners had to guarantee that there would be no termination of workers. In fact, it was hoped that more workers were to be added.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Clerics (Religious Scholars) Role in Actualizing Good Governance Concept

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
M Muhammadong ◽  
St Habibah ◽  
Dalilul Falihin ◽  
Muhammad Adnan Hudain
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
City Development ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Function ◽  
Role And Function ◽  
Descriptive Method

The purpose of this research is to describe the role of the clerics to actualize good governance concept in the development of Makassar City. Therefore, clerics are not merely issuing “fatwas” (religious advises) for the sake of society, but also, clerics can also play a role in development process. The method applied in this research is a descriptive method. While the approach applied is a qualitative method because the issues that are studied are phenomenological. The results show that the role of clerics is optimal in actualizing good governance concept in Makassar City development process. The role and function of the clerics can be represented as a community counselor in line with the government's role as servant and protector of society. Moreover, the policy taken by the government has been supported by all the clerics in actualizing development programs for the mutual good of the societies. In making strategic decisions, clerics sometimes contribute and suggestions to the government to improve social support of that decision

Netzwerk, Bruderschaft, Zelle Die Rolle von Geschlecht und Gewalt bei der Formierung neuer religionspolitischer Gruppen in ,Okzident' und ,Orient'

2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-132
Author(s):  
Ulrike Brunotte
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Imagined Communities ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
New Wars ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Comparative Examination

AbstractTaking as a starting point the reality of a worldwide return of religion in the cultural and political spheres, the article undertakes a comparative examination of the role of gender metaphors and performance in building of new religious groups as "imagined communities". These groups have increasingly taken the form of fundamentalist and Islamist networks, especially in non-European regions including the United States, and in the context of ,,new wars."

scholarly journals Mengkaji Kesehatan Masyarakat Daerah “Urban” Jika Dilihat Dari Konteks Pemuda

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 230
Author(s):  
Robist Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Health ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
Descriptive Method

<p><em>Abstra</em><em>k</em><strong><em> -</em></strong> <strong>Kesehatan merupakan faktor penting  kehidupan, tak terkecuali  kaum urban di perkotaan besar di Indonesia, banyak permasalahan terjadi, prasarana idak memadai, kehidupan yang buruk menimbulkan masalah serius baik sekarang dan masa yang akan datang. Salah satu bagian kaum urban adalah pemuda, merupakan kaum di antara anak-anak dan juga dewasa. Sehingga di harapkan memiliki solusi untuk menghadapi permsaalahan tersebut.</strong><strong> </strong><strong>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaiman peranan pemuda mengkaji permasalahan yang terjadi sehingga bisa mendapatkan solusi sederhana untuk mengatasi permasalahan kaum urban diperkotaan besar. Adapun metode yang digunakan penulis yakni metode deskriptif, mengkaji serta menganalisis literasi-literasi yang ada dan menyimpulkan menjadi sebuah solusi dari permasalahan yang penulis ungkapkan. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini ,bahwa permasalahan kaum urban terletak pada tidak adanya program yang jelas serta terperinci secara baik, baik itu dari pemerintah daerah maupun pusat. Sehingga hal ini menjadi permasalahan bersama bukan salah satu pihak semata. Adapun yang bisa pemuda berikan solusi: yakni mencangkup program dan juga kebijakan, program yang di berikan yakni terdiri 3 tahap,</strong><strong> </strong><strong>yaitu: jangka pendek, menengah dan panjang. Adapun alasannya yaitu program tersebut di  terapkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan kaum urban serta kebijakan yang  merupakan wewenang dari pemerintah. Bisa disimpulkan, pemuda memiliki peranan penting dalam mengkaji ataupun memberikan solusi yang terbaik untuk kesehatan kaum urban.</strong></p><p><em>Abstract </em><strong>- Health is an important factor of life, including urban in large urban areas in Indonesia, many problems occur, infrastructure is inadequate, a bad life causes serious problems both now and in the future. One part of the urban community is youth, is a family among children and also adults. So that it is expected to have a solution to deal with these problems. This study aims to see how the role of youth examines the problems that occur so that they can get a simple solution to overcome urban problems in large cities. The method used by the author is descriptive method, reviewing and analyzing existing literacy and concluding to be a solution to the problems that the writer reveals. The results of this study, that the problem of urbanites lies in the absence of a clear and well-detailed program, both from the local and central government. So this matter becomes a common problem, </strong><strong>not</strong><strong> only one part. As for what the youth can provide a solution: namely covering the program and also the policy, the program provided is consisting of</strong><strong> </strong><strong>3 stages, namely: short, medium and long term. The reason is that the program is implemented in accordance with the needs of the urbanites and policies that are the authority of the government. It can be concluded, youth have an important role in assessing or providing the best solution for urban health.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong> – <em>Role of Youth, </em><em>Urban Community Health, Problems, Programs</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT APPARATUS (DEVOTION) ON DEVELOPMENT OF BUREAUCRACY IN PUBLIC POLICY PERSPECTIVES IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0 ERA (R & D Study In Rancasari Riung Bandung District, Bandung City, West Java)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Ade Tutty R. Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Critical Policy Analysis ◽  
Performance Technology ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Critical Policy

ABSTRACT Problems related to public services include uncertainty over time, costs and ways of providing services to the community making poor service quality. The role of the Camat in the region is very important in terms of public services. The research focus is the Rancasari Riung sub-district of Bandung which requires synergy, measurable steps, coordinated to follow up on programmed problems that have not been effective. It is necessary to improve the ability of the government to be competent in providing services to the community and accepted in the industry, it requires the development of public policy bureaucracy and performance technology capacity. This study aims to improve the performance of government officials, especially the role of the Camat, to influence bureaucratic policy in the perspective of public policy, improve the ability of public service apparatus performance, create quality government, be able to play a role in the disruption and industrial revolution 4.0. Qualitative descriptive research method. Research results The role of Camat in the sub-district that was used as the focus of research in several aspects studied had not all had very good categories, especially related to quality and quality public services. Keywords: critical policy analysis, bureaucratic development, industrial revolution 4.0

scholarly journals Islam Dan Diskriminasi Lgbt Dampaknya Pada Penurunan Ekonomi

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Yusnani ◽  
Welsi Haslina ◽  
Magfirah
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Code ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Living Together ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Descriptive Method

Sexual relations between members of the same sex article 292 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) regulates that adults who commit immoral acts of same-sex homosexuals who are not yet adults are threatened with imprisonment for a maximum of five years. Islam regulates both the Qur'an and Al-Hadith in qath'i (firm) and muhkamat (clearly legal provisions) strongly opposed this behavior. Allah calls homosexual acts fashyyah (vicious bandages) accursed. This study applied the concept of the role of the clerics of the Health Service Coordinating Board in the prevention of homosexual HIV / AIDS in the city of Padang, a method for overcoming a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches resulting in policy recommendations. To describe the analysis of this research used descriptive method of prescriptive synthesis analysis. The government has not yet implemented the Draft Law article 292 The proposal applies a criminal law of five or a maximum of ten years, both adults and children or is punished equally with adultery both whipping law for single whips for married people. The regional economy will rise if the Islamic economy is upheld, investors can advance if they intend to improve the welfare of living together.

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