scholarly journals YY. Kryptonimy Jerzego Jankowskiego

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Baron-Milian
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
Social Function ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern City ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Word ◽  
The One

The article is an attempt to interpret the only book published by Jerzy Jankowski, a forerunner of Polish futurism who is often overlooked in literary history related to the beginnings of the avant-garde movement. Tram wpopszek ulicy (Tram crossways on the street), published in 1920, is presented in terms of innovative phenomena in Polish and European poetry. Such a point of view reveals its precursory character, despite its passeism repeatedly diagnosed by critics. The key word and the starting point of the analysis is the first word of the title – tram, whose ambiguity makes it not only a sign of a modern city but also a metaphor of the construction of the entire book and its historical location. Further analysis leads to conclusions that, on the one hand, reveal the complicated meaning of the vitalistic futurist concept of life and, on the other, indicate aporias and tensions between symbolism and avant-garde, originality and repetition, materiality and spirituality, as well as aesthetics and the social function of art. These seem to be a hidden dimension of Jankowski’s work.

Combining Forms and Affixoids in Morphology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dany Amiot ◽  
Edwige Dugas
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Good Criterion ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

Word-formation encompasses a wide range of processes, among which we find derivation and compounding, two processes yielding productive patterns which enable the speaker to understand and to coin new lexemes. This article draws a distinction between two types of constituents (suffixes, combining forms, splinters, affixoids, etc.) on the one hand and word-formation processes (derivation, compounding, blending, etc.) on the other hand but also shows that a given constituent can appear in different word-formation processes. First, it describes prototypical derivation and compounding in terms of word-formation processes and of their constituents: Prototypical derivation involves a base lexeme, that is, a free lexical elements belonging to a major part-of-speech category (noun, verb, or adjective) and, very often, an affix (e.g., Fr. laverV ‘to wash’ > lavableA ‘washable’), while prototypical compounding involves two lexemes (e.g., Eng. rainN + fallV > rainfallN). The description of these prototypical phenomena provides a starting point for the description of other types of constituents and word-formation processes. There are indeed at least two phenomena which do not meet this description, namely, combining forms (henceforth CFs) and affixoids, and which therefore pose an interesting challenge to linguistic description, be it synchronic or diachronic. The distinction between combining forms and affixoids is not easy to establish and the definitions are often confusing, but productivity is a good criterion to distinguish them from each other, even if it does not answer all the questions raised by bound forms. In the literature, the notions of CF and affixoid are not unanimously agreed upon, especially that of affixoid. Yet this article stresses that they enable us to highlight, and even conceptualize, the gradual nature of linguistic phenomena, whether from a synchronic or a diachronic point of view.

Optimal Contracting Model in a Social Environment and Trust-Related Psychological Costs

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suren Basov ◽  
M. Ishaq Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Optimal Contracting ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Contracting Model

AbstractMost research in contract theory concentrated on the role of incentives in shaping individual behavior. Recent research suggests that social norms also play an important role. From a point of view of a mechanism designer (a principal, a government, and a bank), responsiveness of an agent to the social norms is both a blessing and a curse. On the one hand, it provides the designer with extra instruments, while on the other it puts restrictions on how these new and the more conventional instruments can be used. The main objective of this paper is to investigate this trade-off and study how it shapes different contracts observed in the real world. We consider a model in which agent’s cost of cheating is triggered by the principal’s show of trust. We call such behavior a norm of honesty and trust and show that it drives incentives to be either low powerful or high powerful, eliminating contracts with medium powerful incentives.

scholarly journals The Italian London of John North: Cultural Contact and Linguistic Encounter in Early Modern England

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
The Other ◽  
Personal Networks ◽  
Cultural Contact ◽  
Cultural Encounter ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

AbstractThis article takes as its subject the remarkable diary kept by a young English gentleman named John North from 1575 to 1579. On his journey home from Italy in 1575–77, North changed the language of his diary from English to Italian. On his return to London, he continued to keep a record of his everyday life in Italian. This article uses North’s diary as a starting point from which to reconstruct the social and sensory worlds of a returned traveler and Italianate gentleman. In doing so, it offers a way of bridging the gap between individual experiences and personal networks on the one hand, and the wider processes of cultural encounter and linguistic contact on the other.

scholarly journals The Uses of Art: Contemporary Changes in Cultural Consumption and the Function of Art

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Cultural Consumption ◽  
Aesthetic Taste ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociology Of Art ◽  
The One ◽  
Aesthetic Concepts

In recent years aesthetics and cosmopolitanism have been linked in new ways. On the one hand, contemporary research in the sociology of art indicates an increasing openness and a potential cosmopolitanism in aesthetic taste and consumption. On the other hand, aesthetic concepts and ideals play an important but often implicit role in some of the theories of globalization and cosmopolitanism that inform cultural studies. By examining the interaction between these two tendencies and relating it to sociological and aesthetic theories, I will discuss the characteristics and the possible social implications of the apparent new openness. Does it indicate an increasing tolerance and commonality? Or does it rather point towards a new and more individualized understanding of the social function and legitimacy of art?

Economy and society: from Parsons through Habermas to semiotic institutionalism

2007 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risto Heiskala
Keyword(s):  
Social Theory ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Central Problem ◽  
Théorie Sociale ◽  
The Social ◽  
Great Transformation ◽  
The One ◽  
Cette Question

English The great transformation to modernity made the economy the major organizing factor of the social synthesis, thus bringing forth the issue of the economy/society relationship as the central problem of modern social theory. This article deals with two broad approaches to this problem: Parsons's and Habermas's variants of structural-functionalism, on the one hand, and various currents of (neo)institutionalism, on the other. An attempt to synthesize the benefits of these conflicting approaches is made from the point of view of semiotic institutionalism. What emerges is a general theoretical framework, which is better equipped than the original structural-functionalist and institutionalist conceptions for the analysis of the economy/society relationship. French Les grandes transformations vers la modernité ont fait de l'économie le principal facteur organisateur de la synthèse sociale, portant sur le devant de la scène la question de la relation économie/société en tant que question centrale de la théorie sociale moderne. L'article s'intéresse à deux grandes approches de cette question: les variantes structuro-fonctionnalistes de Parsons et Habermas d'une part, et divers courants du (néo)institutionnalisme de l'autre. L'auteur s'efforce de faire la synthèse des points forts de ces deux approches conflictuelles du point de vue de l'institutionnalisme sémiotique. Il en émerge un cadre théorique général plus adapté que les conceptions structurofonctionnalistes et institutionnalistes à l'analyse de la relation économie/société.

Ästhetik des Südens. Ästhetik des Nordens. Anmerkungen zur Klimatheorie der Kunst

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-148
Author(s):  
Konrad Lotter
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Reflex Action ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One

Die eigentümliche Verbindung geographischer Begriffe wie »Süden« und »Norden« mit dem philosophischen Begriff der Ästhetik verweist auf die sog. Klimatheorie, die die Autonomie der Kunst bestreitet und ihre Eigenart und Entwicklung durch das Wetter und andere Naturbedingungen erklärt. Zum einen werden die verschiedenen Ansätze dieser Theorie z.Zt. der europäischen Aufklärung dargestellt, die das Klima durch den Körper, die Lebensweise oder die Arbeit des Menschen vermittelt, auf seine geistige Produktion bezieht. Das Hauptanliegen des Aufsatzes ist es, die Entwicklungen der Klimatheorie und ihre Aufhebung in die physiologische Ästhetik Nietzsches, die Stilpsychologie Worringers oder die Ästhetik von Marx, die den ideologischen Überbau als Refl ex der sozialökonomischen Basis begreift, aufzuzeigen. Zum anderen wird die Verdrängung der (klassizistischen) Ästhetik des Südens durch die (romantische) Ästhetik des Nordens analysiert, die sich zunehmend von ihrem Ausgangspunkt entfernt und den Begriff des Klimas durch den der Nation und der Rasse ersetzt.<br><br>The peculiar association of geographical terms like »south« and »north« with the philosophical term of aesthetics refers to the so called climatology, which denies the autonomy of art and explains its characteristics and its development by weather and other natural phenomena. On the one hand, various concepts of the European enlightenment are described, relating climate, mediated through the body, the life style or the work of men, to spiritual production. The main objective of the article is to demonstrate the development of climatology, its integration (Aufhebung) into Nietzsche’s physiological aestetics, into Worringer’s Stilpsychologie (psychology of style) as well as into the aestetics of Marx, who interprets the ideological superstructure as a reflex action of the social and economical basis. On the other hand, the repression of the (classical) aesthetics of the »south« by the (romantic) aestetics of the »north« is analysed. Thus removing itself more and more from its starting point, the »northern aesthetics« substitutes the notion of climate with that of nation and race.

scholarly journals A view from Slovakia on the study of Russian philosophical narodism (P. L. Lavrov: the discourse of a study and the discourse of a street)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-166
Author(s):  
Ondrej Marchevsky ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
The One ◽  
Outstanding Representative

The paper analyzes Slovakian and Czech studies of the sociological a philosophical views of such Russian narodniks as P.L. Lavrov from a historic point of view and in their rela­tion to some contemporary interpretations. The first part of the paper provides an over­view of Czech and Slovakian works on narodism in Russia. In the second part of the pa­per, the author discusses P.L. Lavrov as an outstanding representative of narodism, whose ideas have not received sufficient attention in the Czech and Slovakian scholarship. The author shows that the study and the street as two places in which Lavrov’s thought devel­oped were two points in the social space within which the former represented theory and the latter represented practice. Lavrov’s discourse of the study is built on objectivity and scientific values, whereas his discourse of the street is characterized by radicalism and in­tolerance to different opinions. This duality in Lavrov’s perspective reflects the duality of his character: on the one hand, he was a scientist and a researcher and, on the other, he was a radical revolutionary.

scholarly journals CINTA SEBAGAI RELIGIOUS PEACE BUILDING (Perspektif Muhammad Fethullah Gülen)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Ahmad Kholil
Keyword(s):  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peace Building ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Absolute Truth ◽  
The Social ◽  
Double Function ◽  
The One

Sociologically, religion has a double function. On the one hand, religion can be a factor of social cohesion and harmony creation, but on the other hand it can also be a factor religious disharmony between people of different religions. This paper examines the views of  Fethullah Gülen on the social function of  religion that is based on love and peace. Differences of religion, according to him, is a consequence of the choice of each human being in order to establish the absolute truth based on how they believe. Therefore, differences in religion is not something scar y or even harmful for social life, as long as people are able to live in the light of love and peace.

The Margins of Bookishness

2014 ◽  
pp. 24-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yra van Dijk
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Literature ◽  
Authorial Intention ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sociology Of Art ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

In this chapter, the author approaches the paratexts of digital literature from a post-structuralist point of view, according to which a paratext cannot be seen as simply outside a work but rather collaborates with it and helps shape its place in the world. The paratext is in need of analysis and interpretation as much as the text itself, and even more so in the context of the World Wide Web, in which the paratext has become more hybrid and more widespread. It performs the double action of, on the one hand, disappearing and merging with the text itself and, on the other hand, expanding into an infinite online context. Current critical practice involves focusing only on paratexts that communicate authorial intention directly. Here, that approach will be expanded to take in the “texts” that cluster around a digital text and become part of it, even if there is no authorial consent. The social space in which print literature is printed, sold, bought and taught is partly replaced by these paratexts in digital literature, which is analyzed with concepts borrowed from the sociology of art. The author begins by evaluating the possibilities offered by the theoretical expansion of paratexts within the digital realm. That evaluation leads to the conclusion that, in general, and contrary to standard assumptions, digital-literary artists seem to use traditional rather than disruptive avant-garde strategies. It also gives insights into the ways in which a new and dynamic genre of art is produced, consumed and evaluated.

Power-organizing and Ethic-thinking as two paralleled praxes in the historical existence of mankind: A semiotic analysis of their functional segregation

Semiotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (225) ◽  
pp. 313-352
Author(s):  
Youzheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Internal Link ◽  
Historical Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Material Conditions ◽  
The One

AbstractThis article is dealt with at a historical-strategic level. Historical processes can be functionally divided into two sections: the social-material-directed Power-organizing part and the cultural-spiritual Ethic-thinking part. Thus there exist two corresponding dynamic-operative functions in history, which are guided and impelled by different motivations, methods, and destinations involved in the two functions. The Ethic-practicing praxis has been always performed through the empirical-humanist-rational ways, which today can be more effectively embodied in human sciences to be reorganized by the general-semiotic (GS) strategy. So there are two kinds of human historical courses: the one as the materialist-directed power-organizing part and the other as spiritual-theoretical-directed ethic-reflecting part. From a historical-philosophical point of view, the former is to prepare the material-conditions/means for supporting the latter as the ethic-spiritual mission that is directed towards exploring the meaning/value foundation for human existence. Lacking in the internal link between the two historical-pragmatic functions the ethic-spiritual praxes should manage to find a separate strategy for actively continuing its independent ethic task by dint of wisely/bravely shunning the materialist-determinism issued from the technical/commercialized globalization era.

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