Kitchen and Garden Waste as a Source of Heat for Greenhouses

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Neugebauer

AbstractThe process of composting biological waste is a natural process – in which heat is released. Biological wastes generated in typical households in Poland – are mainly kitchen waste (KW) and green waste from home gardens (GGW – if they are owned). From the ecological point of view – the most advantageous method of their management is their utilization in the place of production. The paper presents a proposal for effective management of bio-waste arising by composting – with the simultaneous use of heat for greenhouse heating in autumn. This is to encourage residents to independently compost bio-waste – and increase the level of recycling of waste generated in Poland by 2020. Calculations for greenhouses were made – in accordance with the energy audit methodology. The obtained thermal balance results were compared with the actual temperature prevailing in the greenhouse in autumn. These calculations were the basis for calculating the amount of KW and GGW enabling effective heating of greenhouses in the autumn so that the internal temperature does not drop below 10ºC. It has been calculated that 22 kg of composted bio-waste (KW and GGW) will suffice to heat the greenhouse in October with an area of 18 m2.

Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Ivanov ◽  
Dobri Rusev

Significant technical progress has been made in recent years in the development of algae-based bioenergy, and much of industrial and academic R&D projects have diverged from the biofuels strategy. This report summarizes the conclusions of a recently concluded symposium analyzing the prospects for using micro- and macroalgae as a feedstock for biofuels and bioenergy. It discusses international activities for the development of bio-energy and non-energy algae bioproducts, advances in the use of macroalgae (both non-cultivated and cultivated algae). Applications for various biochemical and thermochemical uses, bio-refining capabilities for various products, as well as an in-depth review of the process from the point of view of economy and energy sustainability are also given.


2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Csáky ◽  
F. Kalmár

Abstract Nowadays the facades of newly built buildings have significant glazed surfaces. The solar gains in these buildings can produce discomfort caused by direct solar radiation on the one hand and by the higher indoor air temperature on the other hand. The amplitude of the indoor air temperature variation depends on the glazed area, orientation of the facade and heat storage capacity of the building. This paper presents the results of a simulation, which were made in the Passol Laboratory of University of Debrecen in order to define the internal temperature variation. The simulation proved that the highest amplitudes of the internal temperature are obtained for East orientation of the facade. The upper acceptable limit of the internal air temperature is exceeded for each analyzed orientation: North, South, East, West. Comparing different building structures, according to the obtained results, in case of the heavy structure more cooling hours are obtained, but the energy consumption for cooling is lower.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
Janet van Niekerk ◽  
Haakon Bakka ◽  
Håvard Rue

The methodological advancements made in the field of joint models are numerous. None the less, the case of competing risks joint models has largely been neglected, especially from a practitioner's point of view. In the relevant works on competing risks joint models, the assumptions of a Gaussian linear longitudinal series and proportional cause-specific hazard functions, amongst others, have remained unchallenged. In this article, we provide a framework based on R-INLA to apply competing risks joint models in a unifying way such that non-Gaussian longitudinal data, spatial structures, times-dependent splines and various latent association structures, to mention a few, are all embraced in our approach. Our motivation stems from the SANAD trial which exhibits non-linear longitudinal trajectories and competing risks for failure of treatment. We also present a discrete competing risks joint model for longitudinal count data as well as a spatial competing risks joint model as specific examples.


2021 ◽  
pp. 41-60
Author(s):  
Necmiye Merve Sahin ◽  
◽  
◽  
Merve Sena Uz

In this article, an algorithm has been introduced that enables judges to see the decisions that should be made in a way that is closest to the conscience and the law, without transferring the cases to the higher authorities, without anyone objecting to their decisions. This algorithm has been introduced depending on the generalized set-valued neutrosophic quadruple numbers and the Euclidean similarity measure in sets, what the decision is made by considering all the situations, regardless of which case the defendants come before the judge, how similar these decisions are to the legal decisions that should be made. In this way, we can easily see the decisions given to the accused in all kinds of cases, and we can arrange the decisions according to the similarity value. The closer the similarity value is to 1, the more correct the judge's decision from a legal point of view.


1929 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
R. Luria

The author aims to highlight the "peptic ulcer" (Die Magengeschwrkrankheit), its pathology and therapy from the point of view of a therapist. As you know, in addition to very detailed chapters in large manuals, many separate monographs are devoted to this issue (I will name only Yarotsky, Enriquez et Durand, Ruhman, Balint, F. Ramond, Tagepa from recent works), but the enormous practical interest presented by the doctrine of peptic ulcer makes it useful to cover the issue again; especially interesting are the observations made in a country where living conditions are somewhat different than: in central Europe, in Sweden


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-206
Author(s):  
AUGUSTA STUART CLAY

THIS study was made in the belief that family living and growth can be healthier if parents understand how mother and baby develop and what they need. Eleven mothers were visited weekly for two months before and after the birth of their firstborn to discover what guidance they wanted, what was offered, and what additional guidance was needed. The writer secured their cooperation by agreeing to work with them as a consultant, to interpret their point of view to the doctor, to explain medical instructions when permitted, and to teach the normal growth processes of mother and baby. Ten mothers were registered in the prenatal clinics of the New Haven Hospital; the eleventh had a private physician. They had no recorded problems beyond the needs of healthy pregnancy and they wanted to participate. Eight husbands agreed to take part in the study. The other three were overseas, but their wives reported for them. Backgrounds varied; 20 of the 22 had had college or high school education; all were between 18 and 32. None dropped out, and after the four months all asked for continued guidance. Cases were too few and the study too brief for statistical evidence. But problems were uncovered which needed to be considered and which have largely been neglected in routine obstetric and pediatric care. These parents wanted to learn—not in classes, but in the privacy of home—how to care for mother and baby without disrupting their accustomed way of living. All wanted the care and interest of one doctor for mother and one for baby. However, six women and five men preferred to talk with a consultant who was not a doctor, but who was affiliated with their doctors. The doctors seemed too busy for "little things" and "family affairs," and they saw so many doctors that they all seemed strangers. Once they felt sure that the consultant's interest was in themselves rather than in teaching them, they set the pace and pattern in the conference. There was no questionnaire, no probing, no set procedure. If they had any immediate interests or problems: job, move, presents, trips, in-laws, illness—these were discussed before they talked of pregnancy and baby.


2021 ◽  
Vol 704 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Maria Raczyńska

The article describes and explains a prior centric Bayesian forecasting model for the 2020 US elections.The model is based on the The Economist forecasting project, but strongly differs from it. From the technical point of view, it uses R and Stan programming and Stan software. The article’s focus is on theoretical decisions made in the process of constructing the model and outcomes. It describes why Bayesian models are used and how they are used to predict US presidential elections.


2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 1250032 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO CIANFRANI ◽  
GIOVANNI MONTANI

This papers offers a critical discussion on the procedure by which Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC) is constructed from the full Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) theory. Revising recent issues in preserving SU(2) symmetry when quantizing the isotropic Universe, we trace a new perspective in approaching the cosmological problem within quantum geometry. The cosmological sector of LQG is reviewed and a critical point of view on LQC is presented. It is outlined how a polymer-like scale for quantum cosmology can be predicted from a proper fundamental graph underlying the homogeneous and isotropic continuous picture. However, such a minimum scale does not coincide with the choice made in LQC. Finally, the perspectives towards a consistent cosmological LQG model based on such a graph structure are discussed.


2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Monika Malinowska-Olszowy

The globalisation process contributes to shaping of many diverse consequences, among others it causes the internationalization of production, new, global division of work, increase of competitiveness, it builds the branches of a globalising business. From the point of view of economy, the phenomenon of globalisation influences the deepening of a free float of commodities, services, resources, capital, work, and also information between the countries. These factors significantly contribute to many changes that are visible in the operations of the latter-day enterprises (Penc 2003, p. 152). One of the consequences of the globalisation process, which is directly connected with the functioning of companies, is the necessity of building and managing the brand. As a result it creates many possibilities to global companies from the textile-clothing sector that want to achieve a market success. However, in order to achieve it one has to fulfill many, constantly increasing, expectations of the buyers. The realisation of these challenges is possible only with the share of two crucial factors: proper competitiveness and progressive marketing strategies. In the clothing sector the partnership networks are being created between the economic subject, because such actions are aimed at minimising the risk, as well as to reducing the production and distribution costs. The most often encountered networks in the textile-clothing branch are the franchising networks. The present article concentrates on the competitiveness aspect of the global clothing networks. A comparative analysis of the action of the commercial clothing networks was made, in order to show some features of its operation and proceeding, while focusing on the specified elements of the marketing-mix strategy. The obtained results allowed to show the differences and similarities in the used marketing strategies.


2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 4387-4392

The present work addresses the issue of emissions requires it made in resin polymerization processes at 3D digital light process (DLP) printing. From an emission point of view, both particulate and chemical emissions are analysed in the form of gases during the DLP printing process. In the paper, we present first the element, which are study. In second part of the paper, we presented the printer, material for printing, measuring apparatus for emission and measurement methodology. In the three part of paper, we made the determinations for gas emissions. Will follow the determinations for particulate emissions. In the final chapter, the data generated by the printing emissions related to the problems specific to the laboratory activity and it has made the specific conclusion in rapport with the printing process. Keywords: 3D printing; emission particles; air pollution, resin material, DLP printing


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