scholarly journals New ways of diabetes management with smart data and genomic data

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-500
Author(s):  
Kurt Becker
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Smart Data ◽  
Abstraction Levels

AbstractBy 2025, the number of diabetic patients worldwide could rise by more than 50 percent from now 250 million to about 380 million. With about 6 million patients, diabetes mellitus is one of the greatest national diseases in Germany.Type 1 diabetes is a mostly genetically induced autoimmune disease, type 2 diabetes is a civilization disease and arises due to lack of exercise and poor diet. Regardless of the type of diabetes, it is important for those affected to manage their own insulin production of the body and to harmonize these with appropriate possibilities. Because of the harmful side effects of exogenous insulin doses, the major focus should be on a sustainable behavioral change and low-threshold nutritional coaching.The most important side effects of diabetes are damage to the vascular system with possible consequences: myocardial infarction, stroke, kidney weakness, nasal damage and erectile dysfunction. A concept for a knowledge-based expert system for the therapy of diabetes mellitus is presented, in which genetic, anatomical and physiological parameters are recorded, evaluated and visualized by means of a model-based approach to specific therapeutic recommendations. The "user interface" is a digital avatar, which can display the model parameters in various "abstraction levels" as a metamodel.

scholarly journals Thyroid Disorders and Diabetes Mellitus: Prevalence and Assosciation

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-228
Author(s):  
Mai Hassan Hafez Ahmed ◽  
Rasha Mohammed Abd Elmageed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Glucose Levels

Background: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction are closely related. Numerous studies have reported an increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in diabetic patients, especially in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Objectives: Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the numerous underlying mechanisms behind the relationship between diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction in order to demonstrate that the correlation between these two prevalent conditions is unlikely to be a coincidental finding. Review: Diabetes and Thyroid disorders are characterized by endocrine system dysfunction. Thyroid hormones influence glucose metabolism in different ways, for example, they increase absorption of glucose from the gut, increase GLUT-2 level, regulate energy balance, and cause increased lipolysis which ultimately raises glucose levels in the body. Furthermore, thyroid hormones interact with adiponectin, leptin, ghrelin, to affect glucose metabolism. Additionally, studies suggest that hyperthyroidism impairs diabetic glycemic control, whereas hypothyroidism increases the risk of hypoglycemia, further complicating diabetes management. Conclusion: This paper emphasizes thyroid abnormalities, if left untreated, can raise the risk of several diabetes complications including retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy, and can worsen diabetic symptoms. As a result, treating subclinical hypothyroidism or hypothyroidism in diabetic individuals can be advantageous. Therefore, a systematic method for early thyroid testing in diabetic patients to avoid severe complications is highly recommended.

scholarly journals A Study to Evaluate the Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 575-585
Author(s):  
P. Amulya Reddy ◽  
K. Saravanan ◽  
A. Madhukar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Physical Endurance ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the QOL of patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: This was a prospective, observational study. Duration of Study: The study was conducted from August 2019 to January 2021 in Yashoda Hospital, Hyderabad. Methodology: Patients of either sex with ≥1year history of diabetes willing to give the consent were included in the study. Patients of either sex with <1year history of DM, Pregnant/lactating women and patients not willing to give the consent were excluded from the study. Data on Blood glucose levels (FBS, PPBS) and HbA1C was also obtained and assessed. QOLID questionnaire was administered to the patients and assessed which consisted of a set of 34 items representing 8 domains such as Role limitation due to the physical health, Physical endurance, General health, Treatment satisfaction, Symptom botherness, Financial worries, Mental health, and Diet satisfaction). Results: A total of 200 patients were analysed in the study,108(54%) were males and 92(46%) were females. The average age of the patients was 58.5 years with majority being 51-70years (73.5%) of age. Patients with higher age and females had poor QOL compared to others. The correlation between various categorical variables with that of scores of QOL in various domains was assessed, Age of the patients influenced QOL score in various domains like RLPH (p value-0.038), PE (p value-0.0183), and SB (p value-0.0002), Gender has influenced QOL score in domains like RLPH (p value-0.0008), PE (p value-0.0106), TS (p value-0.0005) and Educational Qualification has influenced QOL score in RLPH (p value-0.0008), GH (p value-<0.0001), TS (p value-<0.0001), E/MH (p value-<0.0001). Conclusion: The results concluded that overall QOL was noticeably low in Diabetic patients especially in Women and elderly thus indicating that Diabetes management is not restricted to treatment but also requires attention on QOL of patients.

scholarly journals Dermatological Manifestations in Diabetes Mellitus at NGMCTH Kohalpur

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Sumit Pandey ◽  
Pradip Mishra ◽  
Nirmala Sharma ◽  
Shyam B.K.
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cutaneous Infections ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Sugar Levels

Background: Skin is the largest and most visible organ in the body. It undoubtedly determines to a great extent our appearance and plays  a  major  role  in  socio-sexual  communication.  More  than  one  third  of  diabetic  patients  have  some  type  of  dermatologic 1 manifestations during the course of their chronic disease . The association of certain skin diseases with diabetes mellitus has been 2 3 fairly well recognized with an incidence rate ranging from 11.4% to 66%.  At least 30% of patients with diabetes mellitus have some 4 5 type of cutaneous involvement during the course of their chronic disease.  Skin sugar levels run parallel to the blood sugar levels. Skin changes generally appear subsequent to the development of DM but may be the first presenting sign or even precede the 6 diagnosis by many years. Among the many skin manifestations in DM, none is pathognomonic of this disease. Cutaneous findings in DM can be classified into four categories: (1) skin disease with strong association and others with less distinct association with DM, (2) cutaneous infections, (3) dermatological disorders related to diabetic complications, and (4) skin conditions related to diabetes 7 treatments.Objectives: This study was undertaken to find out the pattern of Dermatological manifestations in Diabetes patients attending Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur. Method and material: This is a hospital- based descriptive study conducted  in  the  Department  of  Dermatology,  Venereology  and  Leprology  of  Nepalgunj  Medical  College  Teaching  Hospital, Kohalpur  between   September 2013 to August 2014.  A total of 100 patients were included in the study. History and clinical examinations were performed and the data were recorded and analyzed. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 20 years to 85 years with the mean age of 51.7+12.13 years. The most common age groups were 46-55 years (36%) followed by 56-65 years (24.7%) and 36-45 years (17.3%), 66-75 years (9.3%), 76-85 years (12.7%). Among the 100 patients of diabetes ellitus, there were 44(44%) males and 56 (56%) females.  Among  the  cutaneous  disorders  commonly  associated  with  diabetes,  infections  were  the  most prevalent. 59(59%) out of 100 patients had skin infections.Conclusions: Patients with Diabetes can present with array of cutaneous disorders. Cutaneous infections formed the largest group of dermatoses in this study. Increased incidence of cutaneous infections mainly fungal and bacterial was noticed in majority diabetics emphasizing the need for more aggressive management of diabetes mellitus. Among infective dermatoses, fungal infections were the most common, with Candidal infections being more common than dermatophytosis.JNGMC Vol. 13 No. 2 December 2015, Page: 31-34

scholarly journals Osteocalcin: the relationship between bone metabolism and glucose homeostasis in diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 322-328
Author(s):  
A.V. Кovalchuk ◽  
О.В. Zinych ◽  
V.V. Korpachev ◽  
N.M. Кushnareva ◽  
О.В. Prybyla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of bone as an endocrine organ that produces biologically active substances, which regulate both local bone metabolism and metabolic functions throughout the body. In the process of bone remodeling (formation/destruction), the active cells secrete specific biomarkers that help detect osteometabolic dysfunction. Among bone hormones, osteocalcin plays an important role as a coordinator of bone modeling processes, energy homeostasis, metabolism of glucose, lipids and minerals. Osteocalcin is a structural protein of the bone matrix, which is synthesized by osteoblasts and enters the bloodstream in the process of bone resorption. The level of osteocalcin in the serum is used as a specific marker of bone formation. Osteocalcin promotes pancreatic β-cell proliferation and insulin secretion, and also affects the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues. The inverse association of glycemia with the level of osteocalcin was revealed. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus usually have normal or even slightly elevated bone mineral density compared to age-appropriate controls. Decreased bone quality and increased risk of fractures are associated with changes in bone microarchitecture and local humoral environment. An imbalance in osteoblast/osteoclast activity may be due to oxidative stress and the accumulation of glycosylation end products, which contributes to chronic inflammation and bone resorbtion in patients with diabetes. It is shown that the level of osteocalcin in the blood serum is significantly reduced compared to healthy controls, both in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and, especially, in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Given the importance of developing new approaches to the diagnosis and correction of metabolic disorders in diabetic patients, the study of the influence of bone hormones on hormonal and metabolic parameters and bone status, including the risk of fractures, remains relevant in modern diabetology.

scholarly journals Study of Electrolyte Levels in Diabetic Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nur Qadri Rasyid ◽  
Muawanah Usman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Electrolyte ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
Group B

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder / disease characterized by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) with changes in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism in the body due to disruption in insulin action, insulin secretion or both. These metabolic changes affect the concentration of electrolytes. Electrolytes contained in the body play an important role in many body processes, such as controlling fluid levels, acid base balance (pH), nerve conduction, blood clotting and muscle contraction. Sodium, potassium and chloride are the most common macroelectrolytes and correlate with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we examined the prevalence of diabetes and its relationship to electrolyte concentrations in 28 subjects, divided into two groups: group A consisted of 14 diabetic patients in Labuang Baji Hospital and group B consisting of 14 non-diabetic subjects. The results of the research conducted showed that serum electrolyte levels (Na +, K +, Cl-) for the control were all in the normal range. In contrast, serum electrolyte (Na +, Cl-) levels have two patients who have Na + electrolyte levels below the normal range.  

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CELL PHONE-BASED MENTORING THROUGH SMS ON DIET COMPLIANCE AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS (T2DM) PATIENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Ratna Dewi ◽  
Rostinah Manurung ◽  
Sarmaida Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dietary Compliance ◽  
Diet Compliance

Appropriate diet and physical exercise is part of diabetes management. The role of health professionals is critical to regulating the lifestyle of type 2 DM patients. The study aimed at examining the effectiveness of cell phone-based mentoring on dietary compliance. A quasi-experimental study design, pre and post-test equivalent with the control group. The research was conducted at Bromo Medan Health Center. We recruited 84 diabetic patients and divided into the experimental and control group. The findings showed there was a positive effect on the patients in the experimental group who received the program than patients in the control group who did not receive the application. This strategy is essential and recommended to apply in the routine diet at home. Keywords: short message service (SMS), diet compliance, type 2 diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals Analysis of the Effects of Curcuma Longa Supplementation and Physical Exercise in Patients With Diabetes: Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailton Santos Sena Júnior ◽  
Felipe José Aidar ◽  
Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
Fábio Bessa Lima ◽  
Jymmys Lopes dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Diabetes Mellitus is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the world and one of its main features is chronic hyperglycemia. Among the therapeutic forms used to control the pathology are pharmacotherapy and the use of other alternatives such as regular exercise, which participates in glycemic control and the ingestion of plant extracts with antioxidant effects in the body. Among the different plants used, curcumin is a possible plant to be used to attenuate the hyperglycemic picture triggered by Diabetes Mellitus. Some studies suggest that this plant is antioxidant and hypoglycemic. The review aimed to know the antioxidant and hypoglycemic potential of curcumin supplementation in DM. The search was performed considering articles published between 2010 to 2019, in English and Portuguese, and a theoretical survey of relevant information was conducted in the main databases of scientific publications: Virtual Health Library and its indexed databases as Pubmed, LILACS, Scielo and Scientific Electronic Library Online. The associated use Turmeric and Physical Exercise demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activity caused by Diabetes Mellitus. We may suggest that these are potential therapeutic ways to improve the quality and survival of diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Glycemic control as an important tool in the prevention of cardiovascular aging in patients with diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
O. A. Shatskaya ◽  
I. Z. Bondarenko ◽  
S. S. Kukharenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

In recent decades, there has been a significant increase in the incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by the development of vascular complications leading to early disability and a decrease in the life expectancy of patients. Aging of the body inevitably leads to the occurrence of age-related diseases, including the cardiovascular system, and increases the risk of death. Metabolic and structural and functional disorders of the cardiovascular system arising in diabetes mellitus have common pathophysiological mechanisms with aging of the body. Chronic hyperglycemia can accelerate the aging process and play a decisive role in the occurrence and prognosis of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus. Achieving target glycemic values is an important step towards preventing vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. Improved models of glucometers, equipped with a number of additional functions, allow for structured self-control of glycemia, analyze the data obtained and carry out timely correction of therapy, actively involve patients in the process of diabetes management, which will significantly increase the efficiency of disease management, reduce the risk of complications in patients and improve the quality of life.

An Evaluation of Hemoglobin Concentration in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karem Kdaer Karem ◽  
Saba Ibrahim Salih ◽  
Wafaa Kadhim Jassim
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Age Range

The second type of diabetes Mellitus is the most common type of diabetes, its represent about 90-95% of diabetes cases. In this disease, the response of the body to insulin does not occur properly in a condition known as insulin resistance. The diabetes may accompany with anemia because the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) which is produced by the kidneys is regulates red blood cell production and the Kidney has been damaged at several levels as a complication of diabetes, the complication range from diabetic nephropathy to chronic kidney disease. This study was conducted at the AL-Kafeel Hospital, Kerbala from October 2016 to December2016. The study included 60 adult patients with age range from 43-67 years and having diabetes mellitus type 2. Fasting blood sugar and Hb tests were made and accompanied with other information like age and duration of diabetes mellitus. The results show that 43% of diabetic patients had anemia and there is a strong negative connection between Hb levels and the duration of getting diabetes (p0.01). We conclude from this study that anemia is may developed in Type 2DM patients and the diabetic patients should be taken care of toprevent the development of diseases and other complications.

The protective ways of the body from cell damage at the diabetes mellitus

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Макишева ◽  
R. Makisheva
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
Compensation Mechanisms

Recognition hyperinsulinemia as the root cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus is becoming more supporters. The overload nutrition cell and insulin resistance is developing as a result of hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance is not the only one protection mechanism. Functional system to limited excessive insulin action includes other mechanisms. This review describes the reactions that develop in the tissues in diabetic patients and their relationship with excessive exposure to insulin. Negative feedback mechanism under excessive stimulation of insulin action includes action contrainsular hormones, no β-cell response on increasing the glucose in the extracellular medium, reduction of C-peptide, induction of β-cell apoptosis. The compensation mechanisms includes the restriction of consumption of substances and flow of information, the redirecting excess in the adi-pose tissue, the glycogen synthesis and the activation of kinase-3 synthase glycogen. The conditions GI insulin is able to bind and activate receptors IGF-type 1 to a greater extent than insulin receptors. At diabetes the repro-duction, the growth and the differentiation of cells are accelerated, leading to tumor growth, the accumulation of senescent cells. The depletion and reduction of telomerase activity in diabetes mellitus also have an adaptive value. Contact with receptors undifferentiated cells caused by their high sensitivity and low capacity for insulin resistance, operates referral mechanism power is the same as for obesity. Young cells of functionally active or-gans die, some cells accelerate differentiation and less active peripheral located in hypoxic conditions, may be-come cancerous. The author believes that the growth of tumors after intensive treatment of diabetes is associated with excess insulin action.

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