scholarly journals Spa and Wellness Tourism in Poland - A New Geographical Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-92
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Widawski
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
Geographical Analysis ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wellness Tourism ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Geographical Point

Abstract The aim of the paper is to present the situation of the spa resorts in Poland from the geographical point of view, emphasizing especially the tourist context of their existence. This article firstly deals with the brief history of spas in Poland and the definition of the phenomenon, presented in the Polish literature and legal acts. The main part of the paper presents the geographical analysis of the phenomenon: spatial distribution of the activities allowed by law, localization concerning the different kind of landscapes that accompanies the spas, natural and curative resources and the medical treatments based on their potential. In addition, the tourist context analysed with the support of the statistical data of the accommodation units, tourist sand its preferences, and health tourist establishments in the spa resorts and its usage is also crucial. The perspectives of the spa tourism development in Poland concerning the potential and obstacles are presented.

scholarly journals Między światami. Rzeczywistość w literaturze – literatura w rzeczywistości – rzeczywistość literatury

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-75
Author(s):  
Danuta Ulicka
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Short History ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Cultural Themes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theory Of Literature

The author attempts to reconstruct a short history of modern Polish literary studies not from the perspective of schools or methodological orientations that are usually applied, but from the perspective of what is known in sociology as cultural themes. This point of view offers the opportunity to (re)construct the process of continuity /discontinuity in the whole field of research focused on the problem of reference, which has been recognized as the most important one in Polish studies (as well as in Polish literature, and art) since its beginning in the first decade of the 20th century. In the broader scope the article attempts to rearticulate the definition of the discipline conventionally called “the theory of literature”, and to propose a new way of writing its history.

History of Tour de France from the Geographical Point of View

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 255-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimír Bačík ◽  
Michal Klobučník
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Tour De France ◽  
Wide Circle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expert Community ◽  
Geographical Point

Abstract The Tour de France, a three week bicycle race has a unique place in the world of sports. The 100th edition of the event took place in 2013. In the past of 110 years of its history, people noticed unique stories and duels in particular periods, celebrities that became legends that the world of sports will never forget. Also many places where the races unfolded made history in the Tour de France. In this article we tried to point out the spatial context of this event using advanced technologies for distribution of historical facts over the Internet. The Introduction briefly displays the attendance of a particular stage based on a regional point of view. The main topic deals with selected historical aspects of difficult ascents which every year decide the winner of Tour de France, and also attract fans from all over the world. In the final stage of the research, the distribution of results on the website available to a wide circle of fans of this sports event played a very significant part (www.tdfrance.eu). Using advanced methods and procedures we have tried to capture the historical and spatial dimensions of Tour de France in its general form and thus offering a new view of this unique sports event not only to the expert community, but for the general public as well.

scholarly journals Lingvo-Pedagogical Understanding of the Concepts of “Discourse Competence” and “Patriotic Discourse”

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1839-1844
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Discourse Competence ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The University ◽  
Liberal Culture

The article attempts to comprehend the essence and possibility of forming discourse competence among foreign and Russian students with simultaneous immersion in patriotic discourse. It is highlighted that the addition of the humanitarian series of “History of Civilizations” and “Features of Russian Civilization” to the educational process at the university creates the necessary pedagogical conditions for organizing a special linguo-ethno-cultural environment that forms active social interaction of authors within the framework of the medical and patriotic linguistic scenario. The authors of the article conducted a semantic and historical analysis of interpretations of the concept of “patriotism” that were studied from the point of view of traditional and liberal culture. The article presents the results of a socio-pedagogical study of students' perceptions of this concept. The article describes various theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of the concepts of “discourse” and “discursive picture of the world” as well as psycholinguistic features of the method of semantic differential. Special attention in the article is paid to the typologies of discourse presented in the scientific literature. The authors of the article present the principle of genre and the principle of thematic correlation as the basis for distinguishing between types of discourse and highlight differences in language and discursive pictures of the world. The tasks of educators is to form not only purely medical discursive competence, but also to immerse the listener in “correctly” interpreted picture, saturated with verbal patterns that allow to create statements of patriotic content.

Does Europe have a centre? Reflections on the history of Western and Central Europe

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICOLETTE MOUT
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
Special Part ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Separate Identity ◽  
The Cold War

Any definition of Central Europe based on geographical and/or historical facts causes difficulties. The line dividing Europe during the Cold War has a very limited use because it does not take into account Central Europe as a special part of the continent. Historians such as Geoffrey Barraclough, Hugh Seton-Watson and Oskar Halecki discussed the idea of a separate identity of Central Europe during the Cold War. Especially after the fall of the Berlin Wall, this discussion was re-opened. From a historian's point of view, the most important contributions came from Piotr Wandycz and Jenő Szűcs. An imaginary centre of Europe can only be found in the continent's common history.There is a belief, rather widespread in English-speaking countries, that the eastern half of Europe is inhabited by a number of endlessly quarrelling small nations whose conflicts keep endangering the quiet and comfort of Anglophones. (Hugh Seton-Watson)

scholarly journals Richard of St. Victor: Person and existence

Sabornost ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 95-114
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Đakovac
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Richard of St. Victor is an important figure in the history of scholasticism. In this paper, we will analyze his idea of the person, which he developed for the needs of Triadology. The peculiarity of Richard's point of view is reflected in the attempt to establish the relationship as a key ontological definition of the person. In his thinking, Richard relies on his predecessors, primarily Tertullian, Augustine and to some extent Anselm. Despite the limitations arising from such a background, Richard's insights were a novelty in the thought of the Western Christianity, and the consequences of his teachings have never been fully grasped.

scholarly journals Analytical Space Theories and Gyula Hajnóczi’s Spatiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
János Krähling
Keyword(s):  
International Research ◽  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Architectural Theory ◽  
Research Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Wissenschaftliche Karriere

Gyula Hajnóczi’s scientific career is characterized by the intertwined cultivation of ancient architectural history of the Antiquity, architectural theory, and the preservation of monuments of the Antique world. From the late 1960s onwards, the need to develop a new theory of architecture became more and more pronounced in his researches, which was completed in the 1980s with the creation of the analytical space theory called Spatiology. This paper aims to analyse his complex analytical research methodology in the international research context. Hajnóczi’s research method of analysing the architectural space includes also the socially and psychologically determined factors of spatial perception. According to his analytical theory, the constructive-initiative medium can initiate spatial relations called vallum and inter-vallum, and by referring their quantitative survey, the definition of spatial qualities can be interpreted in relation to building, man and space in a wholistic approach. Architectural creation is theoretically approached in this duality, from the point of view of quantitative and qualitative characteristics. Hajnóczi’s work is little known internationally, however, by comparing and analysing it with the researches of his contemporaries, it can play an important role in the international research context. It is considered as one of the relevant theoretical architectural achievements in Hungary in the second half of the 20th century.Hajnóczi Gyula tudományos pályáját az ókori építészettörténet, az építészetelmélet és az antikvitás műemlékvédelmének egymásba fonódó művelése jellemzi. Az 1960-as évek végétől egyre markánsabban jelenik meg egy új építészetelmélet kidolgozásának igénye, amely az 1980-as években a Spaciológiaként elnevezett analitikus térelmélet megalkotásával vált teljessé.A cikk célja ennek az építészeti térre vonatkozó komplex analitikai kutatási módszertannak elemzése a nemzetközi kutatások tükrében. Hajnóczi építészeti térelméleti kutatási módszere magában foglalja a térészlelés társadalmilag és pszichológiailag meghatározott tényezőit is. Analitikai elmélete szerint a konstruktív-iniciatív közeg határozza meg a vallum és intervallum fogalmakkal meghatározott térbeli kapcsolatokat, majd ennek a kvantitatív elemzése alapján a térbeli minőségek meghatározása az épület, az ember és a tér vonatkozásában komplex módon értelmezhető. Az építészeti alkotás elméletileg ebben a kettősségben ragadható meg, kvantitatív és kvalitatív jellemzőivel. Hajnóczi munkássága nemzetközileg kevéssé ismert, azonban kortársainak kutatásaival összehasonlítva és elemezve fontos szerepet játszhat a nemzetközi kutatásokkal párhuzamba állítva. Műve a 20. század második felében hazánk egyik releváns elméleti építészeti eredményének számít.Die wissenschaftliche Karriere von Gyula Hajnóczi ist von der Verflechtung der Architekturgeschichte der Antike, der Architekturtheorie und der Erhaltung von Denkmälern der antiken Welt geprägt. Ab den späten 1960er Jahren wurde die Notwendigkeit, eine neue Architekturtheorie zu entwickeln, in seinen Forschungen immer deutlicher, die er in den 1980er Jahren mit der Schaffung der analytischen Raumtheorie namens Spaciologie abgeschlossen hat. Dieser Beitrag zielt darauf ab, seine komplexe analytische Forschungsmethodik im internationalen Forschungskontext zu analysieren. Hajnóczis Forschungsmethode zur Analyse des architektonischen Raums umfasst auch die sozial und psychologisch bestimmten Faktoren der räumlichen Wahrnehmung. Nach seiner analytischen Theorie initiiert das konstruktive-initiative Medium räumliche Beziehungen, die als Vallum und Intervallum bezeichnet werden, und unter Bezugnahme auf ihre quantitative Untersuchung kann die Definition räumlicher Qualitäten in Bezug auf Gebäude, Mensch und Raum in einem ganzheitlichen Ansatz interpretiert werden. Das architektonische Schaffen wird theoretisch in dieser Dualität unter dem Gesichtspunkt quantitativer und qualitativer Merkmale angegangen. Hajnóczis Werk ist international wenig bekannt. Durch den Vergleich und die Analyse mit den Forschungen seiner Zeitgenossen kann es jedoch eine wichtige Rolle im internationalen Forschungskontext spielen. Es gilt als eine der relevanten theoretischen architektonischen Errungenschaften in Ungarn in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts.

scholarly journals SPECIFIC FEATURES OF LANDSCAPE SCULPTURE PARKS OF UKRAINE IN VARIOUS SYMPOSIUM MODELS

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Maryna Streltsova
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
National Importance ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Definition Of

The precedent of the Kaniv All­Ukraine Symposium “Shevchenkivsky Park” in 2007 laid the foundation for the formation of a new model of the state symposium of national importance. This in conjunction with the municipal symposia subsequently stimulated the introduction of a private model. The objectives of the research, was through an art­study and comparative analysis; taking a representative sample of sculptural ensembles of state and private symposia to determine their specificity, common features and perspectives.As a result of the study, it is acknowledged that neither state nor private symposium models are benchmarked, since they can`t avoid of unsuccessful works of art in terms of their technical performance; or from the point of view of conformity of their concept; nor can they prevent from making mistakes during installation of a sculptural ensemble. Similarly the state format has the potential for development, under the condition of proper financing and balanced cultural policy of the state and local authorities. The general discrepancies between state and private symposia consists of concepts and exposition principles of symposium sculpture parks. Additionally in case of private sculptural symposia, private or public space is exempted from the integral information mission and gives a chance to use this place for rest and contemplation. This explains the greater percentage of abstract sculptural works in the Kaniv symposia. State symposia raise questions of the ethno­national and cultural identity of Ukrainians, dealing with certain "memory places", therefore, they are called to create interpretive works of art; that mentally and spiritually integrate the recipient into the history of a particular environment.So, in both models; the clear formulation of the communicative task and the definition of the exhibition strategy of various spaces are implied. This is illustrated by the nearby Kaniv parks of symposium sculptures — “Knya­ zhaya Hora” and “Shevchenkivsky Park”.

Կոմիտասը և «Հայկական ոճի» խնդիրը

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Արսեն Բոբոխյան
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
View Point ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Word ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Historical Necessity

Ներկայացվող աշխատանքն իր առջև նպատակ է դնում Կոմիտասին դիտարկել իր ապրած դարաշրջանի համատեքստում: Կոմիտասին ընկալելու համար որպես բանալի բառ է ընտրված «հայկական ոճ» հասկացությունը, որը փնտրելը, գտնելը և զարգացնելը եղել է Վարդապետի գերխնդիրը: Ընդ որում, «ոճ» ասելիս նկատի ունենք որևէ ժողովրդին բնորոշ մշակութային անփոփոխ (ինվարիանտ) այն առանձնահատկությունները, որոնք սահմանում են այդ տեսակի ինքնությունը: Հայ մտավորականների և մասնավորապես Կոմիտասի կողմից «հայկական ոճի» համար մղվող շարժումը դիտարկելի է XIX-XX դդ. սահմանի համաշխարհային զարգացումների միջավայրում: Այս շրջանը մարդկության պատմության մեջ բնորոշվում է արագ հաղորդակցական միջոցների առաջացմամբ, քաղաքային կյանքի աշխուժացմամբ, որի հետևանքով սկսում են քայքայվել գյուղը և ավանդական արժեքները: Այդ արժեքների վերացման վտանգները տեսանելի էին հատկապես հայերի նման ժողովուրդների շրջանակում, որոնք, զրկված լինելով պետականությունից, գոյության կռիվ էին մղում կայսրությունների սահմաններում: Այս տեսանկյունից «հայկական ոճի» գաղափարի արծարծումը Կոմիտասի և նրա ժամանակակիցների կողմից պատմական անհրաժեշտություն էր: Ցույց տալով, որ գոյություն ունի անկախ «հայկական ոճ», որն ունի ուրույն մշակութային արտահայտչաձևեր ու միավորում է հայկական ժամանակն ու տարածությունը, հոգևոր ու աշխարհիկ մշակույթը մի համակարգի մեջ, հայ գիտնականներն ու արվեստի գործիչները փորձում էին ոչ միայն արդարացնել անցյալը, այլև լեգիտիմացնել ներկան, և ամենակարևորը՝ ստեղծում էին ապագայի տեսլական: Առաջ է քաշվում տեսակետ, ըստ որի «հայկական ոճ» բուն հասկացությունը սկսվել է կիրառվել հայ մտավորականների կողմից կոլեկտիվ հիշողության վերականգնվող լանդշաֆտների, և մասնավորապես՝ Անիի համատեքստում, որի պեղումները վեր էին հանում ոչ միայն կործանված հայկական պետականության ավերակները, այլև այդ պետականությունը վերստեղծելու հույսը: The present contribution aims to view the image of Komitas in the context of his time. The concept of “Armenian style” is chosen as the key word to perceive Komitas, a concept the deciphering and developing of which is supposed to be the main purpose of the scientist. The culturally invariant features of the nation are considered by “style” that define the proper kind of its identity. The movement of Armenian intellectuals, particularly that of Komitas for definition of “Armenian style” can be observed in the context of global developments of the borderline of the 19th and 20th centuries. In the history of mankind this period is characterized by the emergence of rapid means of communication and the activation of urban life, as a result of which the rural and traditional values began to crumble. The dangers of the abolition of those values were especially visible among such peoples as the Armenians, who being deprived of statehood fought for their existence within the borders of empires. From this point of view, the introduction of the idea of “Armenian style” by Komitas and his contemporaries was of historical necessity. Demonstrating that there is an independent “Armenian style” that has unique cultural expressions and unites the Armenian times and spaces, its spiritual and secular cultural spheres in a system, Armenian scholars and artists sought not only to justify the past of their nation, but also to legitimize its present, and most importantly, to create a vision for the future. In this article a view point is developed, according to which the very concept of “Armenian style” has been used first by the Armenian intellectuals in context of the newly restored landscapes of memory such as Ani, the excavations of which uncovered not only the ruins of the past Armenian statehood but also the hope of its recreation.

The “Abrahamic Metacivilization” of the 8th –13th Centuries

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-152
Author(s):  
Daniil V. Puzanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Historical Ethnography ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Zone Of Influence ◽  
Abrahamic Religions ◽  
Definition Of

The article substantiates the expediency of considering the system of Christian and Islamic medieval civilizations as a single Abrahamic metacivilization. Heuristic possibilities of the term are revealed on the basis of research works on sociology, philosophy, world and domestic history. The features of the perception of civilizations and religions are analyzed from the point of view of the world-system perspective and global history. The definition of local civilization is being clarified. The definition of metacivilization is given. It is noted that, since the 8th century, on the territory of Asia Minor, North Africa and Europe, a system was forming whose unity was based on a combination of two universal cultures: the Hellenistic (science and law) one and the system of teachings of the Abrahamic religions. The expediency of designating this system as “Abrahamic metacivilization” is substantiated. It could not have arisen before the 7th–8th centuries. Along with the Arab conquests, the importance of religions in communications in the designated territories was growing, and the zone of influence of the Abrahamic religions was seriously expanding. The author proposes to leave open the question of the upper chronological framework of the phenomenon. The Abrahamic metacivilization disappears either in the 13th century (when its Hellenistic component begins to erode) or in the 15th century (with the formation of the capitalist worldsystem). Like world-systems, the Abrahamic civilization had a hierarchical structure, which depended on the degree of political power centralization and the completeness of the state ideology formation. The metacivilization center was represented by Byzantium and the empires of Islam. It seems promising to use the term to study some aspects of the legal, cultural, social and economic history of medieval states with an official Abrahamic religion, including the study of interfaith transactions. It seems promising to study from such positions the early history of Eastern Europe, whose many regions still preserved the tribal structure. The possibility of using the term “Abrahamic metacivilization” in historical ethnography (for example, based on some provisions of R. Redfield’s theory, in which the mechanisms of globalization and global processes were for the first time considered from the standpoint of social anthropology) is also substantiated. An advantage of the term is its specific territorial-chronological reference. It is noted that the term “Abrahamic metacivilization” can be used in studies with different methodological bases.

Short hystory of the study of paraneopastic neurological syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Shnayder ◽  
Yu. A Dykhno
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Neurological Syndrome ◽  
Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) can be defined as remote effects of cancer that are neither caused by the tumor and its metastases, nor by infection, ischemia or metabolic disturbances. The authors presented the lecture highlighting the actuality of the problem and definition of PNS, main part of the article is devoted to the history of the study of PNS in the our country and abroad.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document