scholarly journals Evaluation of Renal Function in Alzheimer’s Disease and Geriatric Patients: Results from a Turkish Two-Center Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Zubeyde Erbayraktar ◽  
Ahmet Turan Evlice ◽  
Gokhan Yilmaz ◽  
Canan Yazici ◽  
Gorsev Yener ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

SummaryBackground:Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe multifactorial neurodegenerative proteopathy associated with advanced age. Discrepancies in the renal function of these patients compared to geriatric patients with dementia have rarely been reported. In this study, we aimed to disclose the importance of associated renal changes for the pathogenesis of AD.Methods:Patients with AD (n=107) and geriatric patients with dementia and without dementia (n=124) (231 patients in total) from Dokuz Eylul and Cukurova University Hospitals were enrolled in the study. We measured serum Na, K, Cl, Ca, BUN, creatinine, total protein levels and MDRD [eGFR] in all groups.Results:From Izmir Center, the first study arm consisted of patients with AD dementia (n=74), and the second arm included geriatric patients with dementia (n=79). From Adana, 78 patients were recruited to the study, of which 33 were with AD and 45 were geriatric patients without dementia. When we analyzed comparatively the AD and geriatric dementia patients study arms, a statistically significant difference was observed both in the median age (p<0.001), as well as in the biochemical parameters from Izmir Center: Na (p<0.001), K (p<0.001), Cl (p<0.05), Ca (p<0.001), BUN (p<0.05), creatinine (p<0.001), total protein (p<0.001) and MDRD [eGFR] (p<0.001). However, these were not significantly different between AD and geriatric patients without dementia in the Adana group.Conclusions:Our results indicate that renal function is prone to alterations in different age groups of patients with AD. However, there is no conclusive evidence that renal function is one of the risk factors in AD.

Reduced expression of SIRT1 and SOD-1 and the correlation between these levels in various regions of the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1090-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Cao ◽  
Yang-Ting Dong ◽  
Jie Xiang ◽  
Yi Xu ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Granule Cells ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Braak Stage ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Weak Expression

AimsThis study was designed to explore the expression and distribution of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD-1) in various regions of the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as to assess potential correlations between the levels of these proteins and also between these proteins and the Braak stage of AD.MethodsIn the temporal and frontal cortices, hippocampus and cerebellum of 10 patients with AD and 10 age-matched control subjects, expression of SIRT1 and SOD-1, together with histopathology, were assessed by immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent stainings. Relationships between variables were examined with the Pearson correlation test.ResultsThe numbers of both SIRT1-positive and SOD-1-positive neurons and integrated optical density of immunohistochemical staining for these proteins in the temporal and frontal cortices, and hippocampus of patients with AD were significantly decreased than those in corresponding controls. In the case of the cerebellum, very weak expression of SIRT1 and obvious expression of SOD-1 were observed in granule cells, with no significant difference between AD and the control group. Interestingly, the protein levels between SIRT1 and SOD-1, as well as the level of SIRT1 or SOD-1 and Braak stage, were significantly correlated in neurons in all regions of the AD brains investigated except for the cerebellum.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the reduced level of SIRT1 in the brains of patients with AD may be related to the decline in SOD-1 and neuropathological changes of this disorder.

Title Plasma Repressor Element 1-Silencing Transcription Factor Levels Decrease in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingqing Wei ◽  
Jingnian Ni ◽  
Jing Shi ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Xiaoqing Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amci Group ◽  
Lobe Atrophy ◽  
Repressor Element

Abstract Background: Repressor element 1-silencing transcription/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST) was considered as a new therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the relationships between AD and REST remain unclear. This study aimed to 1) examine plasma REST levels and REST gene AD patients, and 2) further explore the pathological relationships between REST protein levels and cognition decline in clinic, including medial temporal-lobe atrophy. Methods: Subjects (n=252, mean age 68.95±8.78 years old) were recruited in Beijing, China, and then divided into normal cognition (NC) group (n=89), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) group (n=79) and AD group (n=84) according to diagnostic criteria. All subjects received neuropsychological assessments, laboratory tests and neuroimaging scans (MRI) at baseline. Plasma REST protein levels and distribution of the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of REST were compared across the three groups. Correlation between cognitive function, neuro-image and REST level was calculated using multi-linear-regression analysis. medial temporal-lobe atrophy (need to add this method). Results: The plasma REST levels in both NC group (430.30±303.43) and aMCI group (414.27±263.39) were significantly higher than AD group ( NC vs AD, p=0.034; aMCI vs AD, p=0.033). There was no significant difference between NC and aMCI group (p=0.948). There was no significant difference among three groups on the distribution of the genotype distribution of Rs2227902 and Rs3976529 of REST gene. The REST level was correlated to left medial temporal-lobe atrophy index (r=0.306, p=0.023). After 6-month follow up, the REST level in NC group was positively related to the change scores of mini-mental state examination scale (MMSE) (r=0.289, p=0.02). Conclusion: Plasma REST protein declines in AD patients, which also associated with memory impairment and left temporal-lobe atrophy, which may have potential value for clinical diagnosis of AD.

scholarly journals Cognitive and renal dysfunction in the elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Francisco Souza do Carmo ◽  
Sueli Luciano Pires ◽  
Milton Luiz Gorzoni ◽  
Luiz Antonio Miorin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Systemic Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Dementia Syndrome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Cognitive impairment has been associated with several diseases and organic disturbances but few studies have explored the relationship between renal function and cognition. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the renal function of elderly patients with and without Alzheimer's disease, and to identify potential associated comorbidities, as well as the presence of microalbuminuria. Methods: A group of 60 patients with dementia syndrome and probable Alzheimer's disease, and 20 patients without dementias, followed at the Geriatric outpatient unit of the Santa Casa de São Paulo Hospital, were selected for this study. Results: The results showed that the groups studied differed in terms of age, gender and Mini-Mental State Exam score, but no statistical difference was found for the presence of comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and systemic arterial hypertension). A significant difference in estimated creatinine clearance was observed between the two groups, with the Alzheimer's disease patients presenting significantly lower values than control subjects. Similarly, analysis of a portion of the two groups for the presence of microalbuminuria revealed a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: The study conclusions were that patients with Alzheimer's disease had lower glomerular filtration and a higher incidence of microalbuminuria, yet without having more classic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease such as systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus or dyslipidemia.

scholarly journals Physicians Treating Alzheimer’s Disease Patients Should Be Aware that Televised Direct-to-Consumer Advertising Links More Strongly to Drug Utilization in Older Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Robin Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Direct To Consumer ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Advertising Spending ◽  
Direct To Consumer Advertising

Background: US direct-to-consumer advertising spending for medicine has soared in recent decades. Advertising has been shown to impact drug utilization. Most Alzheimer’s disease patients are above age 65 and may take a range of prescription medications for various disease states. Objective: To investigate how direct-to-consumer advertising is associated with the drug utilization of patients ≥65 years old. Methods: Using advertising expenditure data and Medicare Part D drug purchase claims, we performed regression analyses for each of the highest-spending drugs and age group, with cumulative monthly spending as the predictor variable and drug utilization as the response variable. For each drug, we ran a second set of regression analyses to determine if the spending-utilization correlation showed a significant difference between the two patient age groups (older than 65, younger than 65). Results: For all 14 drugs in our study, advertising spending is positively correlated with utilization (p <  0.01) in both age groups. For seven of the 14 drugs studied, the difference in the utilization of patients older than 65 and the utilization of patients younger than 65 is statistically significant at a p <  0.01 level. The 65-and-older age bracket exhibits significantly greater utilization for all seven of these drugs. Conclusion: We find televised advertising for certain drugs to be associated with significantly stronger drug utilization among seniors, as compared to younger patients. Alzheimer’s disease physicians should be aware of this result, in light of the medications that patients may take for other disease states, particularly mood and mental health medications.

MiR-335-5p Inhibits β-Amyloid (Aβ) Accumulation to Attenuate Cognitive Deficits Through Targeting c-jun-N-terminal Kinase 3 in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Zhifu Fei ◽  
Song Luo ◽  
Hai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known as senile dementia, is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and personality changes. Numerous evidences have suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis and development of AD. However, the exact role of miR-335-5p in the progression of AD is still not clearly clarified. Methods: The protein and mRNA levels were measured by western blot and RNA extraction and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. The relationship between miR-335-5p and c-jun-N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with APP mutant gene to establish the in vitro AD cell model. Flow cytometry and western blot were performed to evaluate cell apoptosis. The APP/PS1 transgenic mice were used as an in vivo AD model. Morris water maze test was performed to assess the effect of miR- 335-5p on the cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Results: The JNK3 mRNA expression and protein levels of JNK3 and β-Amyloid (Aβ) were significantly up-regulated, and the mRNA expression of miR-335-5p was down-regulated in the brain tissues of AD patients. The expression levels of miR-335-5p and JNK3 were significantly inversely correlated. Further, the dual Luciferase assay verified the relationship between miR-335- 5p and JNK3. Overexpression of miR-335-5p significantly decreased the protein levels of JNK3 and Aβ and inhibited apoptosis in SH-SY5Y/APPswe cells, whereas the inhibition of miR-335-5p obtained the opposite results. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-335-5p remarkably improved the cognitive abilities of APP/PS1 mice. Conclusion: The results revealed that the increased JNK3 expression, negatively regulated by miR-335-5p, may be a potential mechanism that contributes to Aβ accumulation and AD progression, indicating a novel approach for AD treatment.

Fluoxetine Protects against Dendritic Spine Loss in Middle-aged APPswe/PSEN1dE9 Double Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Ma ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Yong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Dendritic Spines ◽  
Dendritic Spine ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Spine Pathology ◽  
The Impact

Background: Studies have suggested that cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with dendritic spine loss, especially in the hippocampus. Fluoxetine (FLX) has been shown to improve cognition in the early stage of AD and to be associated with diminishing synapse degeneration in the hippocampus. However, little is known about whether FLX affects the pathogenesis of AD in the middle-tolate stage and whether its effects are correlated with the amelioration of hippocampal dendritic dysfunction. Previously, it has been observed that FLX improves the spatial learning ability of middleaged APP/PS1 mice. Objective: In the present study, we further characterized the impact of FLX on dendritic spines in the hippocampus of middle-aged APP/PS1 mice. Results: It has been found that the numbers of dendritic spines in dentate gyrus (DG), CA1 and CA2/3 of hippocampus were significantly increased by FLX. Meanwhile, FLX effectively attenuated hyperphosphorylation of tau at Ser396 and elevated protein levels of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD-95) and synapsin-1 (SYN-1) in the hippocampus. Conclusion: These results indicated that the enhanced learning ability observed in FLX-treated middle-aged APP/PS1 mice might be associated with remarkable mitigation of hippocampal dendritic spine pathology by FLX and suggested that FLX might be explored as a new strategy for therapy of AD in the middle-to-late stage.

Characteristics of Insulin-degrading Enzyme in Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 610-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifeng Zhang ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
Huanhuan Huang ◽  
Yujia Zhao ◽  
Hui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Senile Plaque ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Insulin Degrading Enzyme ◽  
Degrading Enzyme ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulates abnormally to senile plaque which is the initiator of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As one of the Aβ-degrading enzymes, Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) remains controversial for its protein level and activity in Alzheimer's brain. Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, OVID and Sinomed were systemically searched up to Sep. 20th, 2017. And the published case-control or cohort studies were retrieved to perform the meta-analysis. Results: Seven studies for IDE protein level (AD cases = 293; controls = 126), three for mRNA level (AD cases = 138; controls = 81), and three for enzyme activity (AD cases = 123; controls = 75) were pooling together. The IDE protein level was significantly lower in AD cases than in controls (SMD = - 0.47, 95% CI [-0.69, -0.24], p < 0.001), but IDE mRNA and enzyme activity had no significant difference (SMD = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.40, 0.43] and SMD = 0.06, 95% CI [-0.41, 0.53] respectively). Subgroup analyses found that IDE protein level was decreased in both cortex and hippocampus of AD cases (SMD = -0.43, 95% CI [-0.71, -0.16], p = 0.002 and SMD = -0.53, 95% CI [-0.91, -0.15], p = 0.006 respectively). However, IDE mRNA was higher in cortex of AD cases (SMD = 0.71, 95% CI [0.14, 1.29], p = 0.01), not in hippocampus (SMD = -0.26, 95% CI [-0.58, 0.06]). Conclusions: Our results indicate that AD patients may have lower IDE protease level. Further relevant studies are still needed to verify whether IDE is one of the factors affecting Aβ abnormal accumulation and throw new insights for AD detection or therapy.

Donepezil Combined with DL-3-n-Butylphthalide Delays Cognitive Decline in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 673-681
Author(s):  
Jin Wang ◽  
Xiaojuan Guo ◽  
Wenhui Lu ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Hong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Vascular factors and mitochondria dysfunction contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) has an effect in protecting mitochondria and improving microcirculation. Objective: The aim was to investigate the effect of donepezil combined NBP therapy in patients with mild-moderate AD. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. 92 mild-moderate AD patients were classified into the donepezil alone group (n = 43) or the donepezil combined NBP group (n = 49) for 48 weeks. All patients were evaluated with Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog), Clinician’s Interview-Based Impression of Change plus caregiver input (CIBIC-plus), Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) every 12 weeks. All patients were monitored for adverse events (AEs). The efficacy was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the changes of ADAS-cog score (OR = 2.778, 95% CI: [1.087, 7. 100], p = 0.033) and ADCS-ADL score (OR = 2.733, 95% CI: [1.002, 7.459], p = 0.049) had significant difference between donepezil alone group and donepezil combined NBP group, while the changes of NPI (OR = 1.145, 95% CI: [0.463, 2.829], p = 0.769), MMSE (OR = 1.563, 95% CI: [0.615, 3.971], p = 0.348) and CIBIC-plus (OR = 2.593, 95% CI: [0.696, 9.685], p = 0.156) had no significant difference. The occurrence of AEs was similar in the two groups. Conclusion: Over the 48-week treatment period, donepezil combined NBP group had slower cognitive decline and better activities of daily living in patients with mild to moderate AD. These indicated that the multi-target therapeutic effect of NBP may be a new choice for AD treatment.

scholarly journals NCOG-65. MR-GUIDED LASER INTERSTITIAL THERMAL THERAPY FOR BRAIN TUMORS IN GERIATRIC PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii144-ii144
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ginalis ◽  
Shabbar Danish
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neurological Symptom ◽  
Geriatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Postoperative Mortality ◽  
Thermal Therapy ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Intracranial Tumors ◽  
Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract INTRODUCTION There is a paucity of studies assessing the use of magnetic resonance-guided laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in the elderly population. METHODS Geriatric patients (≥65 years) treated with LITT for intracranial tumors at a single institution from January 2011 to November 2019 were retrospectively identified. We grouped patients into two cohorts: 65-74 years (group 1) and 75 years or older (group 2). Baseline characteristics, operative parameters, postoperative course, and morbidity were recorded. RESULTS There were 55 patients who underwent 64 distinct LITT procedures. The majority of tumors (62.5%) treated were recurrent brain metastasis/radiation necrosis. The median hospital length of stay was 1 day, with no significant difference between age groups. Hospital stay was significantly longer in patients who presented with a neurological symptom and in those who experienced a postoperative complication. The majority of patients (68.3%) were discharged to their preoperative accommodation. Rate of discharge to home was not significantly different between age groups. Those discharged to rehabilitation facilities were more likely to have presented with a neurological symptom. Nine patients (14.1%) were found to have acute neurological complications, with nearly all patients showing complete or partial recovery at follow-up. The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 1.6% (n = 1). The complication and 30-day postoperative mortality rate were not significantly different between age groups. CONCLUSIONS LITT can be considered as a minimally invasive and safe neurosurgical procedure for treatment of intracranial tumors in geriatric patients. Careful preoperative preparation and postoperative care is essential as LITT is not without risk. Appropriate patient selection for cranial surgery is essential as neurosurgeons treat an increasing number of elderly patients, but advanced age alone should not exclude patients from LITT.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document