Associations between obesity, adverse behavioral patterns and cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent inhabitants of a Greek island

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Garoufi ◽  
Evangelos E. Grammatikos ◽  
Anastasios Kollias ◽  
Emmanuel Grammatikos ◽  
George S. Stergiou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Adolescent Overweight

AbstractBackground:Excess weight, unhealthy lifestyle habits and their sequelae have become a well-recognized public health problem in most countries. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship of adolescent overweight/obesity with behavioral habits and their association with blood pressure (BP) and lipid profile.Methods:Anthropometric parameters, lifestyle, BP and lipid profile of 736 adolescents were evaluated cross-sectionally. The classifications of normal weight, overweight and obese were based on BMI z-scores.Results:About 42.1% of adolescents were overweight/obese, 11.3% were smokers, 33.2% consumed alcohol and 34% reported low activity. Males began smoking earlier, consumed alcohol more often, exercised less and spent more screen time than females. Alcohol consumption was more prevalent among smokers and was associated with higher BP and dyslipidemia. Smokers exercised less intensely and had lower high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) than non-smokers. Obesity was a risk factor for higher BP and dyslipidemia. Longer screen time was associated with higher triglycerides, while intense physical activity with lower systolic BP.Conclusions:Obesity is related to an adverse lipid and BP profile during adolescence. Clustering of hazardous habits was observed, which is known to aggravate the cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Amaranth Oil Increases Total and LDL Cholesterol Levels without Influencing Early Markers of Atherosclerosis in an Overweight and Obese Population: A Randomized Double-Blind Cross-Over Study in Comparison with Rapeseed Oil Supplementation

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3069
Author(s):  
Monika Dus-Zuchowska ◽  
Jaroslaw Walkowiak ◽  
Anna Morawska ◽  
Patrycja Krzyzanowska-Jankowska ◽  
Anna Miskiewicz-Chotnicka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Early Markers ◽  
Amaranth Oil ◽  
Overweight Subjects

Background: Atherosclerosis (AT) is a chronic inflammatory process in which oxidative stress is the key event. Amaranth oil (AmO) has potential hypolipidemic and antiatherogenic effects. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of AmO and rapeseed oil (RaO) supplementation on expression of early markers of AT and lipid profile in obese or overweight subjects. Methods: A randomized, double-blinded cross-over study was conducted, in which participants took 20 mL of AmO in the first arm and 20 mL RaO in the second arm, switching after the washout period. Serum concentrations of adhesion molecules (sP-selectin, sVCAM-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), and lipid profile were assessed before and after nutritional interventions. In addition, anthropometric parameters were measured. Results: The total (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations increased significantly in the AmO group in comparison with RaO (ΔTC 5.52 ± 35 vs. −8.43 ± 17.65 mg/dL; p = 0.002 and 4.43 ± 34.96 vs. −7.55 ± 16.41 mg/dL; p = 0.002, respectively). There were no significant differences in other parameters analyzed between the groups. Conclusion: The use of AmO instead of RaO may increase cardiovascular risk in obese and overweight subjects.

scholarly journals Lipid profile and cardiovascular risk indices of women on various types of contraceptives in the Ho Municipality of Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4342
Author(s):  
Ahmed Tijani Bawah ◽  
Michael Asamoah Boateng ◽  
Francis A. Osei Kuffour ◽  
Mohammed Mustapha Seini ◽  
Paul Amoah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Cardio Vascular Disease ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cardio Vascular

Background: Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) have been successfully used worldwide to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation and implantation. These contraceptives have effects on lipid metabolism, body fat and blood pressure which are all risk factors for cardio vascular disease (CVD). Some studies have reported that prolonged use of these hormone-based contraceptives have negative effect on cardiovascular risk indices, however, few of such studies have been done in Ghana, hence this study sought to examine the effect of various forms of contraceptives on cardio vascular risk indices in the Volta Region of Ghana.Methods: Purposive random sampling was employed in selecting women on various forms of contraceptives and aged-matched controls into the study. Fasting blood sample was collected from each participant after overnight fast for 10-16 hours into plain tubes and the sera used to determine lipid profile. Socio-demographic and BMI variables were also analyzed in this case-control study.Results: Statistically significant differences were observed for Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) (p=0.0153), High Density Lipoprotein levels (HDL) (p=0.001), and the atherogenic index (p=0.0101) between the cases and the controls.Conclusions: The use of HC significantly affects the DBP, HDL and atherogenic index and these could pose substantial risk for the development of CVD.

Lipid profile in normal weight migraineurs - evidence for cardiovascular risk

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. -J. Gruber ◽  
C. Bernecker ◽  
S. Pailer ◽  
A. Lechner ◽  
R. Horejsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Normal Weight

Determinants of Cardiovascular Risk in 7000 Youth With Type 1 Diabetes in the Australasian Diabetes Data Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142
Author(s):  
Jenny J Couper ◽  
Timothy W Jones ◽  
Melissa Chee ◽  
Helen L Barrett ◽  
Philip Bergman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Urinary Albumin ◽  
Indigenous Youth ◽  
Z Scores

Abstract Context Cardiovascular disease occurs prematurely in type 1 diabetes. The additional risk of overweight is not well characterized. Objective The primary aim was to measure the impact of body mass index (BMI) in youth with type 1 diabetes on cardiovascular risk factors. The secondary aim was to identify other determinants of cardiovascular risk. Design Observational longitudinal study of 7061 youth with type 1 diabetes followed for median 7.3 (interquartile range [IQR] 4-11) years over 41 (IQR 29-56) visits until March 2019. Setting 15 tertiary care diabetes centers in the Australasian Diabetes Data Network. Participants were aged 2 to 25 years at baseline, with at least 2 measurements of BMI and blood pressure. Main Outcome Measure Standardized systolic and diastolic blood pressure scores and non–high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were co-primary outcomes. Urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was the secondary outcome. Results BMI z-score related independently to standardized blood pressure z- scores and non-HDL cholesterol. An increase in 1 BMI z-score related to an average increase in systolic/diastolic blood pressure of 3.8/1.4 mmHg and an increase in non-HDL cholesterol (coefficient + 0.16 mmol/L, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.13-0.18; P < 0.001) and in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Females had higher blood pressure z-scores, higher non-HDL and LDL cholesterol, and higher urinary albumin/creatinine than males. Indigenous youth had markedly higher urinary albumin/creatinine (coefficient + 2.15 mg/mmol, 95% CI, 1.27-3.03; P < 0.001) and higher non-HDL cholesterol than non-Indigenous youth. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion was associated independently with lower non-HDL cholesterol and lower urinary albumin/creatinine. Conclusions BMI had a modest independent effect on cardiovascular risk. Females and Indigenous Australians in particular had a more adverse risk profile.

scholarly journals Potential Cardiovascular Risk Protection of Bilirubin in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients under Hemodialysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria do Sameiro-Faria ◽  
Michaela Kohlova ◽  
Sandra Ribeiro ◽  
Petronila Rocha-Pereira ◽  
Laetitia Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Risk Protection

We evaluated the potential cardiovascular risk protection of bilirubin in hemodialysis (HD) patients. An enlarged set of studies were evaluated in 191 HD patients, including hematological study, lipid profile, iron metabolism, nutritional, inflammatory markers, and dialysis adequacy. The TA duplication screening in the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1 A1 (UGT1A1) promoter region was also performed. TheUGT1A1genotype frequencies in HD patients were 49.2%, 42.4%, and 8.4% for 6/6, 6/7, and 7/7 genotypes, respectively. Although no difference was found inUGT1A1genotype distribution between the three tertiles of bilirubin, significant differences were found with increasing bilirubin levels, namely, a decrease in platelet, leukocyte, and lymphocyte counts, transferrin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), ox-LDL/low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, apolipoprotein (Apo) A, Apo B, and interleukin-6 serum levels and a significant increased concentration of hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte count, iron, transferrin saturation, Apo A/Apo B ratio, adiponectin, and paraoxonase 1 serum levels. After adjustment for age these results remained significant. Our data suggest that higher bilirubin levels are associated with beneficial effects in HD patients, by improving lipid profile and reducing the inflammatory grade, which might contribute to increase in iron availability. These results suggest a potential cardiovascular risk protection of bilirubin in HD patients.

scholarly journals Correlation of lipids and lipoprotein concentration with body mass index in obese, overweight and normal weight south Indian adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4803
Author(s):  
Gayathri B. ◽  
Vinodhini V. M.
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
South Indian

Background: Obesity a chronic disorder is gradually becoming a serious public health problem in many countries. The aim of the study was designed to measure serum lipids and lipoproteins as marker for cardiovascular disease among obese and overweight South Indian adults.Methods: The study was done between June 2016 to December 2016, in SRM medical college hospital and research centre, Kattankulathur which comprised of 270 participants of both gender in the age of 18- 55 years. 90 individuals with body mass index (BMI ≥25kg/m2), 90 individuals with BMI in the range of 23.0 to 24.99kg/m2 and 90 age and sex matched controls (BMI = 18 to 22.99kg/m2) were selected for the study. Serum levels of total cholesterol, Triacylglycerol, high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were analyzed by using auto analyzer Beckman Coulter AU480. The cardiac risk ratio 1 (cholesterol/HDL-C ratio) and 2 (LDL-C/HDL-C) ratio were calculated.Results: The difference between the mean values of total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C, were found to be statistically significant across the three groups. Positive correlation was observed between BMI and cardiac risk ratios one and two in both obese and overweight groups.Conclusions: Cardiac risk is increased in South Indian overweight and obese individuals which is evident from the elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C and cardiac rick ratio one (cholesterol/HDL-C ratio) and two (LDL-C/HDL-C).

scholarly journals Association of ABO, Rh blood groups systems with lipids and other anthropometric co variables as predictors of cardiovascular risk in NWFP, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim Alam ◽  
Ihteshamul Haq
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas

Aims and Objects: The present study was carried out to find the possibility of association of lipid profile with ABO/Rh blood groups and other anthropometric co- variables as cardiovascular risk. Material and Methods: A community-based investigation was carried out on lipid profiles and blood groups of selected population of rural and urban areas of Peshawar. NWFP on total of 1304 subjects out of which 548 were females and 756 were males. Age ranged from 16-75 years. Due emphasis was laid in the study on anthropometric parameters (age, height, body weight and body mass index) blood pressure and dietary parameters. Results: Blood grouping revealed distribution of various blood groups in the order of their predominance being B>O>A>AB. The Rh- positive subjects were 94.6% of the total. Sex wise analysis of anthropometric data, blood pressure including pulse rate and lipid profiles prior to partitioning by Rh factor revealed only sporadic significant differences among the various ABO blood phenotypes. When the ABO phenotypes were partitioned according to Rh factor and gender, substantially more significant Rh factor associated differences were seen among the ABO phenotypes. Conclusion: Most of the lipid profile parameters for the sample do not provide enough evidence of hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular risk. The A and A B Phenotypes show lesser long term risk if any. The B and 0 phenotypes have relatively higher tendency of adverse lipid/lipoprotein metabolism and hence invite greater attention from therapeutic point of view. There is no evidence of predisposition of phenotype A as a co marker of risk of cardiovascular disorders.

scholarly journals Assessment of cardiovascular risk in post-menopausal women in Ghana

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Justice Afrifa ◽  
Felix A. Botchway ◽  
Yeboah Kwaku Opoku ◽  
Joyce Badohu ◽  
Henrietta Ekua Ocran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) continue to be a major cause of death among post-menopausal women. We sought to assess cardiovascular risk among pre- and post-menopausal women living within the Cape Coast Municipality by comparing the lipid profiles and other emerging biomarkers of CVD, i.e. the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), visceral adiposity index (VAI), body adiposity index (BAI) and Castelli index I (CRI-I). Methods: A comparative cross-section of 150 women (75 pre-menopausal women and 75 post-menopausal women) visiting the University of Cape Coast hospital for regular checkups were randomly recruited into the study. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants were obtained with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP) was measured and lipid profile was estimated using fasting blood samples. Other markers of cardiovascular risk such as BMI, AIP, VAI, BAI and CRI-I were estimated. Results: We report elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC) (p<0.0001), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (p<0.0001), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) (p=0.0021), triglycerides (TG) (p<0.0001) and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL-C) cholesterol (p<0.0001) in post-menopausal women compared with pre-menopausal women. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) (p<0.0001) was, however, decreased in post-menopausal women. Mean AIP (p< 0.0001), VAI (p< 0.0001), BAI (p< 0.0038) and CRI-I (p<0.0001) were significantly increased in post-menopausal women compared to pre-menopausal women. We also report a positive correlation of TC, TG, VLDL and non-HDL with atherogenic markers AIP, VAI and CRI-I in post-menopausal women. A negative correlation of HDL with AIP, VAI, and CR in post-menopausal women was also observed. Conclusions: Menopause could lead to changes in lipid profile to atherogenicity with associated increase in the risk of CVD. Atherogenic markers such as AIP, VAI, BAI, and CR can serve as potential biomarkers for predicting CVD.

scholarly journals Association of overweight and obesity with cardiovascular risk factors in patients with atherosclerotic diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Maksimovic ◽  
Hristina Vlajinac ◽  
Djordje Radak ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Jadranka Maksimovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Carotid Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional

Summary Background The aim of this study was to compare demographic, clinical and biochemical characteristics, including inflammatory markers, according to the nutritional status of patients with verified atherosclerotic disease. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 1045 consecutive patients with verified carotid disease or peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Anthropometric parameters and data on cardiovascular risk factors and therapy for hypertension and hyperlipidemia were collected for all participants. Results Carotid disease was positively and PAD was negatively associated with body mass index (BMI). Negative association between obesity and PAD was significant only in former smokers, not in current smokers or in patients who never smoked. Overweight and general obesity were significantly related to metabolic syndrome (p < 0.001), lower values of high – density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), increased triglycerides (p < 0.001), hyperglycemia (p < 0.001), self-reported diabetes (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), high serum uric acid (p < 0.001), increased high sensitivity C-reactive protein (p = 0.020) and former smoking (p = 0.005) after adjustment for age, gender and type of disease. Antihypertensive therapy seems to be less effective in patients who are overweight and obese. Conclusions In conclusion, overweight and general obesity were significantly related to several cardiovascular risk factors.

Lipid Profile in Patients with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Adnan Alwan ◽  
Amina Alobaidi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory airways; its prevalence has increased worldwide. The disease may be associated with metabolic changes that could be either induced by treatment or may be due to inflammatory process. Aim: To clarify the status of lipid profile in Iraqi patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Patients and Methods: The study was performed on asthmatic patients (190), allergic rhinitis patients (110) and healthy control subjects (48). Age of subjects included were from 16-60 year, with a mean of 34.34 ±11.58 . At time of study inclusion, they all underwent full clinical examination after full history taking, pulmonary function tests, measuring body mass index and blood sampling. Results: Serum cholesterol was significantly higher in asthmatic with over weight (mean 219.93±60.02 mg/dl, P< 0.001), asthmatic with metabolic syndrome (mean 290.08±90.95 mg/dl, P<0.001), allergic rhinitis with overweight patients (mean 233.69±81.59mg/dl P< 0.001) than in control subjects (mean 145.95±36.52 mg/dl). It was of no significant difference in asthma with normal weight patients (mean 139.09±50.36 mg/dl, P-value 0.4291) and allergic rhinitis with normal weight patients (mean 155.81±49 mg/dl, P-value 0.2610) than in control subjects. Serum triglycerides was significantly higher in asthma with normal weight patients (mean 109.65±33.75 mg/dl, P-value 0.0123), asthma with over weight (mean 184.02±60.11 mg/dl, P<0.001), asthma with metabolic syndrome (mean 222.82±65.12 mg/dl, P<0.001) and allergic rhinitis with overweight patients (mean 173.62±54.27 mg/dl, P<0.001) than of control subjects (mean 92.63±35.37 mg/dl). It was of no significant difference in allergic rhinitis with normal weight patients (mean 101.56±36.29 mg/dl, P-value 0.2340) than of control subjects. High density lipoprotein-cholesterol was significantly lower in asthma with overweight group (mean 33.32±4.82 mg/dl, P<0.001), asthma with metabolic syndrome (mean 36.03±3.51 mg/dl, P<0.001), allergic rhinitis with over weight (mean 35.82±4.84mg/dl, P<0.001) than in control healthy group (mean 40.28±6.05mg/dl). It was of no significant difference between asthma with normal weight patients (mean 42.92±10.56 mg/dl, P-value 0.1215), allergic rhinitis with normal weight (mean 41.45±4.44 mg/dl, P-value 0.2600) than control subjects. Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol was significantly higher in asthma with over weight (mean 151.31±63.53 mg/dl. P<0.001); asthma with metabolic syndrome (mean 181.15±88.27 mg/dl, P<0.001); allergic rhinitis with normal weight (mean 108.42±38.05 mg/dl, P<0.01); allergic rhinitis with over weight (mean 163.49±80.92 mg/dl, P<0.001). It was significantly lower in asthma with normal weight patients (mean 68.76±32.66 mg/dl. P<0.05) than in control subjects (mean 85.84±39.39 mg/dl). Conclusion: Asthma and / or allergic rhinitis in Iraqi population were associated with dyslipidemia, whether in the presence of metabolic syndrome, or the patients were with normal or abnormal weight.

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