Applications and perspectives of using nanomaterials for sustainable plant nutrition

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allah Ditta ◽  
Muhammad Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Crop Production ◽  
Future Demands

AbstractNanotechnology opens a large scope of novel applications in the fields of plant nutrition needed to meet the future demands of the growing population because nanoparticles (NPs) have unique physicochemical properties, i.e. high surface area, high reactivity, tunable pore size, and particle morphology. Management of optimum nutrients for sustainable crop production is a priority-based area of research in agriculture. In this regard, nanonutrition has proved to be the most interesting area of research and concerns with the provision of nano-sized nutrients for sustainable crop production. Using this technology, we can increase the efficiency of micro- as well as macronutrients of plants. In the literature, various NPs and nanomaterials (NMs) have been successfully used for better nutrition of crop plants compared to the conventional fertilizers. This review summarizes these NPs and NMs into macro-, micro-, and nanocarrier-based fertilizers and plant-growth-enhancing NPs with unclear mechanisms, describing their role in improving growth and yield of crops, concentration/rate of application, particle size, mechanism of action if known, toxic effects if any, and research gaps in the present research. Moreover, future research directions for achieving sustainable agriculture are also discussed in the appropriate section and at the end in the concluding remarks section.

scholarly journals One-Dimensional (1D) Nanostructured Materials for Energy Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2609
Author(s):  
Abniel Machín ◽  
Kenneth Fontánez ◽  
Juan C. Arango ◽  
Dayna Ortiz ◽  
Jimmy De León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Progressive Movement ◽  
1D Nanostructures ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Energy Processes

At present, the world is at the peak of production of traditional fossil fuels. Much of the resources that humanity has been consuming (oil, coal, and natural gas) are coming to an end. The human being faces a future that must necessarily go through a paradigm shift, which includes a progressive movement towards increasingly less polluting and energetically viable resources. In this sense, nanotechnology has a transcendental role in this change. For decades, new materials capable of being used in energy processes have been synthesized, which undoubtedly will be the cornerstone of the future development of the planet. In this review, we report on the current progress in the synthesis and use of one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured materials (specifically nanowires, nanofibers, nanotubes, and nanorods), with compositions based on oxides, nitrides, or metals, for applications related to energy. Due to its extraordinary surface–volume relationship, tunable thermal and transport properties, and its high surface area, these 1D nanostructures have become fundamental elements for the development of energy processes. The most relevant 1D nanomaterials, their different synthesis procedures, and useful methods for assembling 1D nanostructures in functional devices will be presented. Applications in relevant topics such as optoelectronic and photochemical devices, hydrogen production, or energy storage, among others, will be discussed. The present review concludes with a forecast on the directions towards which future research could be directed on this class of nanostructured materials.

NANOCELLULOSE AND ITS POTENTIAL USE FOR SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Carlos Negro ◽  
Ana Balea Martín ◽  
Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador ◽  
Cristina Campano ◽  
Elena Fuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Potential Availability ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Market Perspective

Nanocellulose (NC) and its wide applications have attracted high attention due to its desirable properties such as high surface area, extraordinary mechanical properties, high reactivity and easy modification of NC surface due to the presence of primary hydroxyl groups. NC also presents several environmental benefits, including high potential availability because its production is coming from natural sources, renewability and nontoxicity. This paper briefly summarizes some of the activities of the research group “Cellulose, Paper and Water Advanced Treatments” from Complutense University of Madrid that were presented in CAIQ 2019, including the main types of NC, the production processes and their characterization. Additionally, the most promising NC applications are described such as for paper and board, for wastewater treatment, food and cement-based materials. Moreover, a market perspective of NC is also presented.

The role of biochars in sustainable crop production and soil resiliency

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 520-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixiang Jiang ◽  
Fei Lian ◽  
Zhenyu Wang ◽  
Baoshan Xing
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Surface Heterogeneity ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
Surface Functionality ◽  
Sustainable Crop Production ◽  
High Level ◽  
Soil Additive

Abstract Biochar is a promising soil additive for use in support of sustainable crop production. However, the high level of heterogeneity in biochar properties and the variations in soil composition present significant challenges to the successful uptake of biochar technologies in diverse agricultural soils. An improved understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to biochar–soil interactions is required to address issues related to climate change and cultivation practices. This review summarizes biochar modification approaches (physical, chemical, and biochar-based organic composites) and discusses the potential role of biochar in sustainable crop production and soil resiliency, including the degradation of soil organic matter, the improvement of soil quality, and reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Biochar design is crucial to successful soil remediation, particularly with regard to issues arising from soil structure and composition related to crop production. Given the wide variety of feedstocks for biochar production and the resultant high surface heterogeneity, greater efforts are required to optimize biochar surface functionality and porosity through appropriate modifications. The design and establishment of these approaches and methods are essential for the future utilization of biochar as an effective soil additive to promote sustainable crop production.

Development of magnetic nano-geocomposite for groundwater and leachate treatment: A Landfill Management Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nivedita Pradhan ◽  
Manish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Landfill Management ◽  
Physical And Chemical

<ul>Landfill leachate, a highly contaminated percolating effluent can cause a considerable threat to human as well as environmental health. We developed a novel nano composite using the polymer encapsulated magnetic geopolymer for efficient removal of multi contaminants (As, Zn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, F, NO 3 - , and PO 4 3- ) present in the landfill leachate and groundwater of the Pirana solid waste dumping site, Ahmedabad, Gujarat. A series of batch and column sorption experiments were carried out to find the best-operating conditions for optimum removal efficiency. Results revealed that in the range of 50-60% of multi-contaminant removal is possible using the newly developed adsorbent which has high surface area as well as mixed functional groups for the removal of both cationic (Zn, Fe, Co, Cu, Ni, and Pb) and anionic (F, NO 3 - , and PO 4 3- ) contaminants present in the leachate. Batch study shows that both physical and chemical sorption are equally operational and multilayer removal following the Freundlich isotherms predominantly. The batch test mimics the equilibrium condition only. The study recommends column study under different follow conditions using leachate and groundwater, followed by a regeneration study for its reusability and development of the field implementation schemes. The future research is required to address the decontamination of emerging contaminants like pharmaceuticals, pesticides and fertilizers, industrial additives and antibacterial agents.</ul>

scholarly journals Silica Nanoparticles for Biomedical Application: Challenges and Opportunities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Mun ◽  
B.A. Zhaisanbayeva
Keyword(s):  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Gene Delivery Vectors

Over the past few decades, nanoparticles have been attracting significant attention of researches in chemical, biomedical, pharmaceutical sciences, due to their unique physicochemical properties. This includes ultra small size, large surface area, good biocompatibility and high reactivity. In particular, nanoparticles are promising for pharmaceutical and biomedical fields, as they can be applied as drug carriers and diagnostic tools. Among nanomaterials for biomedical application, silica nanoparticles exhibit great potential due to their straightforward synthesis and separation, low cost, safety, biocompatibility and possibility to further functionalization. Silica nanoparticles have been attractive for pharmaceutical science due to their unique properties, such as tunable size, high surface area and large pore volume, and potential in biomedical application as drug and gene delivery vectors and bioimaging agents. However, some of their properties remain poorly investigated. This short communication discusses the main routes for synthesis of silica nanoparticles, their properties and opportunities for their application in pharmaceutical and biomedical industries, as well as a few challenges in the development of silica-based systems that need to be overcome.

scholarly journals Nanopesticides: Current status and scope for their application in agriculture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayant Yadav ◽  
Poonam Jasrotia ◽  
Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj ◽  
Prem Lal Kashyap ◽  
Sudheer Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Volume Property

 Nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving field that has the potential to revolutionise food systems and counter the present-day challenge of food security. It envisages taking agriculture from the era of indiscriminate natural resource use and environmental degradation to the brave new world of advanced systems with enhanced material use efficiency and targeted applications to reduce crop losses caused due to abiotic-biotic stresses as well as to give due considerations to the environment. To manage plant diseases and insect pests, pesticides are inevitably used in agriculture. However, the higher dosage of these chemicals on a per hectare basis has resulted in many environmental and health hazards. To tackle the conventional pesticide related issues, a new field of science called nanotechnology has led to the development of nanopesticides that have less active ingredients, but better efficiency. The nanopesticides contain the carrier molecule or the active nanosized ingredient with a very high surface area to the volume property that provides them unique exploitable-advantages. Several formulations, viz., nanoemulsions, nanosuspensions, nanogels, metal compound-based nanopesticides, have been developed for different modes of action and vivid applications. The biggest advantage comes due to the small size of the particles that help in properly spreading the ingredients on the pest surface and, thus, producing a better action than conventional pesticides. The use of nanoparticles in the form of nanopesticides, nanofertilisers, and nano delivery systems is on the increase day by day due to their higher efficiency and reduced dosage requirements. However, human beings and other organisms are also getting exposed to the nano-entities during the application or afterwards. The interactions of these engineered nano-entities with biological systems are relatively unknown thus far. Therefore, before their wider usage in crop production and protection, a better understanding of their interactions, and adverse effects, if any, is also crucial for a sustainable transition.  

scholarly journals Agronomic and genetic approaches for enhancing tolerance to heat stress in rice: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 12501
Author(s):  
Adnan RASHEED ◽  
Mahmoud F. SELEIMAN ◽  
Muhammad NAWAZ ◽  
Athar MAHMOOD ◽  
Muhammad RIZWAN ANWAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Transgenic Breeding ◽  
Selection Of

Rice is an important cereal crop worldwide that serves as a dietary component for half of the world’s population. Climate change, especially global warming is a rising threat to crop production and food security. Therefore, enhancing rice growth and yield is a crucial challenge in stress-prone environments. Frequent episodes of heat stress threaten rice production all over the world. Breeders and agronomists undertake several techniques to ameliorate the adverse effects of heat stress to safeguard global rice production. The selection of suitable sowing time application of plant hormones, osmoprotectants and utilization of appropriate fertilizers and signaling molecules are essential agronomic practices to mitigate the adverse effects of heat stress on rice. Likewise, developing genotypes with improved morphological, biochemical, and genetic attributes is feasible and practical way to respond to this challenge. The creation of more genetic recombinants and the identification of traits responsible for heat tolerance could allow the selection of early-flowering cultivars with resistance to heat stress. This review details the integration of several agronomic, conventional breeding, and molecular approaches like hybridization, pure line selection, master-assisted-selection (MAS), transgenic breeding and CRRISPR/Cas9 that promise rapid and efficient development and selection of heat-tolerant rice genotypes. Such information’s could be used to determine the future research directions for rice breeders and other researchers working to improve the heat tolerance in rice.

scholarly journals Li2O-Based Cathode Additives Enabling Prelithiation of Si Anodes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 12027
Author(s):  
Yeyoung Ha ◽  
Maxwell C. Schulze ◽  
Sarah Frisco ◽  
Stephen E. Trask ◽  
Glenn Teeter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Active Material ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Lithium Oxide ◽  
Si Anodes ◽  
The Impact

Low first-cycle Coulombic efficiency is especially poor for silicon (Si)-based anodes due to the high surface area of the Si-active material and extensive electrolyte decomposition during the initial cycles forming the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Therefore, developing successful prelithiation methods will greatly benefit the development of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) utilizing Si anodes. In pursuit of this goal, in this study, lithium oxide (Li2O) was added to a LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622) cathode using a scalable ball-milling approach to compensate for the initial Li loss at the anode. Different milling conditions were tested to evaluate the impact of particle morphology on the additive performance. In addition, Co3O4, a well-known oxygen evolution reaction catalyst, was introduced to facilitate the activation of Li2O. The Li2O + Co3O4 additives successfully delivered an additional capacity of 1116 mAh/gLi2O when charged up to 4.3 V in half cells and 1035 mAh/gLi2O when charged up to 4.1 V in full cells using Si anodes.

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