Einsatzmöglichkeiten der NMR-MOUSE® in der Bauforschung – aktueller Stand der Arbeiten am ibac / Potential Applications of the NMR MOUSE® in Building Research – Current State of the Art at the Institute of Building Materials Research Aachen

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
U. Antons ◽  
M. Raupach ◽  
O. Weichold
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Building Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Potential Applications

scholarly journals In vivo interactome profiling by enzyme‐catalyzed proximity labeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangfan Xu ◽  
Xianqun Fan ◽  
Yang Hu
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Current State ◽  
Protein Interactome ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction Networks ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

AbstractEnzyme-catalyzed proximity labeling (PL) combined with mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a revolutionary approach to reveal the protein-protein interaction networks, dissect complex biological processes, and characterize the subcellular proteome in a more physiological setting than before. The enzymatic tags are being upgraded to improve temporal and spatial resolution and obtain faster catalytic dynamics and higher catalytic efficiency. In vivo application of PL integrated with other state of the art techniques has recently been adapted in live animals and plants, allowing questions to be addressed that were previously inaccessible. It is timely to summarize the current state of PL-dependent interactome studies and their potential applications. We will focus on in vivo uses of newer versions of PL and highlight critical considerations for successful in vivo PL experiments that will provide novel insights into the protein interactome in the context of human diseases.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Carbonization of Organic Waste and Biomass: A Review on Process, Reactor, and Plant Modeling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Ischia ◽  
Luca Fiori
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Residual Biomass ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Intrinsic Complexity ◽  
Context Models

Abstract Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is an emerging path to give a new life to organic waste and residual biomass. Fulfilling the principles of the circular economy, through HTC “unpleasant” organics can be transformed into useful materials and possibly energy carriers. The potential applications of HTC are tremendous and the recent literature is full of investigations. In this context, models capable to predict, simulate and optimize the HTC process, reactors, and plants are engineering tools that can significantly shift HTC research towards innovation by boosting the development of novel enterprises based on HTC technology. This review paper addresses such key-issue: where do we stand regarding the development of these tools? The literature presents many and simplified models to describe the reaction kinetics, some dealing with the process simulation, while few focused on the heart of an HTC system, the reactor. Statistical investigations and some life cycle assessment analyses also appear in the current state of the art. This work examines and analyzes these predicting tools, highlighting their potentialities and limits. Overall, the current models suffer from many aspects, from the lack of data to the intrinsic complexity of HTC reactions and HTC systems. Therefore, the emphasis is given to what is still necessary to make the HTC process duly simulated and therefore implementable on an industrial scale with sufficient predictive margins. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance-Guided Laser Induced Thermal Therapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Norred ◽  
Jacqueline Anne Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Temperature Imaging ◽  
Current State ◽  
Clinical Challenge ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Temperature Imaging

Magnetic resonance-guided laser induced thermotherapy (MRgLITT) has become an increasingly relevant therapy for tumor ablation due to its minimally invasive approach and broad applicability across many tissue types. The current state of the art applies laser irradiation via cooled optical fiber applicators in order to generate ablative heat and necrosis in tumor tissue. Magnetic resonance temperature imaging (MRTI) is used concurrently with this therapy to plan treatments and visualize tumor necrosis. Though application in neurosurgery remains in its infancy, MRgLITT has been found to be a promising therapy for many types of brain tumors. This review examines the current use of MRgLITT with regard to the special clinical challenge of glioblastoma multiforme and examines the potential applications of next-generation nanotherapy specific to the treatment of glioblastoma.

Future Directions for Ion Beam Technology and Research: Forum Report

2011 ◽  
Vol 1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E.E. Baglin ◽  
Daryush Ila
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beams ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Remarkable Degree ◽  
The Future ◽  
Materials Research

ABSTRACTAs an integral part of the Symposium on "Ion Beams - Applications from Nanoscale to Mesoscale" at the MRS Spring 2011 Meeting, participants were invited to join two open “brainstorming” Forum Discussions, intended to highlight opportunities for application of ion beam techniques in advancing the frontiers of materials research and making high impact contributions to solving some of the world’s major issues for the future. Participants were invited to imagine freely how the field might develop (or be steered) in the next 5-10 years, in the light of the current state of the art, and in the light of the emerging needs of the global community.The resulting ideas and suggestions led to thoughtful discussions, that displayed a remarkable degree of consensus on future directions, opportunities and challenges for the field. This paper attempts to capture and report briefly the spectrum of ideas and the recommended priorities that emerged from the resulting discussions.

HIGHLY ORIENTED DIAMOND FILMS ON HETEROSUBSTRATES: CURRENT STATE OF THE ART AND REMAINING CHALLENGES

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. ARNAULT
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Diamond Films ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Crystalline Quality ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications

The potential applications of diamond in the field of electronics working under high power and high temperature (aeronautic, aerospace, etc.) require highly oriented films on heterosubstrates. This is the key motivation of the huge research efforts that have been carried out during the last ten years. Very significant progress has been accomplished and nowadays diamond films with misorientations close to 1.5° are elaborated on β-SiC monocrystals. Moreover, an excellent crystalline quality with polar and azimuthal misalignments lower than 0.6° is reported for diamond films grown on iridium buffer layers. Unfortunately, these films are still too defective for high power electronics applications. To achieve higher crystalline quality, further improvements of the deposition methods are needed. Nevertheless, a deeper knowledge of the elemental mechanisms occurring during the early stages of growth is also essential. The first part of this paper focuses on the state of the art of the different investigated ways towards heteroepitaxy. Secondly, the present knowledge of the early stages of diamond nucleation and growth on silicon substrates for both classical nucleation and bias-assisted nucleation (BEN) is reviewed. Finally, the remaining questions concerning the understanding of the nucleation processes are discussed.

GREEN BUILDING MATERIALS: A REVIEW OF STATE OF THE ART STUDIES OF INNOVATIVE MATERIALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. De Luca ◽  
I. Carbone ◽  
J. B. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Construction Market ◽  
Current State ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Innovative Materials

1. INTRODUCTION This paper presents a comprehensive survey of the latest international publications (2012–2017) regarding innovative and environmentally sustainable materials that reduce the production of pollutants. It is recognised that world construction is responsible for substantial amounts of harmful emissions. In particular, the survey collected data on new sustainable solutions and innovative materials, such as cement, wood, glass and ceramics that are essential to minimize the environmental impact of buildings on the ecosystem and to reduce the consumption of natural resources. Therefore, the paper's intent is to give an overview of the current state of the art and research in the field of bio-building, gathering information on the environmental impacts of these innovative materials and listing the benefits that can be obtained with their use. The findings of this study support the growing importance of green building as a component of the whole construction market and provide a benchmark against which to measure future changes in the industry over time.

scholarly journals The Rise of the Xenes: From the Synthesis to the Integration Processes for Electronics and Photonics

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4170
Author(s):  
Carlo Grazianetti ◽  
Christian Martella
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Current State ◽  
Device Integration ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Artificial Nature ◽  
Critical Aspects

The recent outcomes related to the Xenes, the two-dimensional (2D) monoelemental graphene-like materials, in three interdisciplinary fields such as electronics, photonics and processing are here reviewed by focusing on peculiar growth and device integration aspects. In contrast with forerunner 2D materials such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, the Xenes pose new and intriguing challenges for their synthesis and exploitation because of their artificial nature and stabilization issues. This effort is however rewarded by a fascinating and versatile scenario where the manipulation of the matter properties at the atomic scale paves the way to potential applications never reported to date. The current state-of-the-art about electronic integration of the Xenes, their optical and photonics properties, and the developed processing methodologies are summarized, whereas future challenges and critical aspects are tentatively outlined.

Opiate Receptors and Opiate Antagonists: Progress in the “War on Drugs”

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara W. Lex ◽  
Roger E. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Opiate Receptors ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
Opiate Receptor ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Opiate Antagonists ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Opiate Addicts ◽  
The Moment

The “War on Drugs” has spawned major research efforts that have led to the discovery of the “opiate receptor” and the development of new narcotic antagonists which may be useful adjuncts in the rehabilitation of chronic opiate addicts. At the moment, these findings are rich with potential applications and potential discovery. The authors review the current state of the art.

scholarly journals A survey of challenges for runtime verification from advanced application domains (beyond software)

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Sánchez ◽  
Gerardo Schneider ◽  
Wolfgang Ahrendt ◽  
Ezio Bartocci ◽  
Domenico Bianculli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Formal Methods ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Runtime Verification ◽  
Formal Specifications ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Execution Traces ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications

Abstract Runtime verification is an area of formal methods that studies the dynamic analysis of execution traces against formal specifications. Typically, the two main activities in runtime verification efforts are the process of creating monitors from specifications, and the algorithms for the evaluation of traces against the generated monitors. Other activities involve the instrumentation of the system to generate the trace and the communication between the system under analysis and the monitor. Most of the applications in runtime verification have been focused on the dynamic analysis of software, even though there are many more potential applications to other computational devices and target systems. In this paper we present a collection of challenges for runtime verification extracted from concrete application domains, focusing on the difficulties that must be overcome to tackle these specific challenges. The computational models that characterize these domains require to devise new techniques beyond the current state of the art in runtime verification.

scholarly journals STN-Homography: Direct Estimation of Homography Parameters for Image Pairs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 5187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhou ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Estimation Error ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Real Time Processing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Homography Estimation ◽  
Image Pairs ◽  
Magnitude Difference

Estimating a 2D homography from a pair of images is a fundamental task in computer vision. Contrary to most convolutional neural network-based homography estimation methods that use alternative four-point homography parameterization schemes, in this study, we directly estimate the 3 × 3 homography matrix value. We show that after coordinate normalization, the magnitude difference and variance of the elements of the normalized 3 × 3 homography matrix is very small. Accordingly, we present STN-Homography, a neural network based on spatial transformer network (STN), to directly estimate the normalized homography matrix of an image pair. To decrease the homography estimation error, we propose hierarchical STN-Homography and sequence STN-homography models in which the sequence STN-Homography can be trained in an end-to-end manner. The effectiveness of the proposed methods is demonstrated based on experiments on the Microsoft common objects in context (MSCOCO) dataset, and it is shown that they significantly outperform the current state-of-the-art. The average processing time of the three-stage hierarchical STN-Homography and the three-stage sequence STN-Homography models on a GPU are 17.85 ms and 13.85 ms, respectively. Both models satisfy the real-time processing requirements of most potential applications.

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