Texture strengthening of copper electrical conductors

1981 ◽  
Vol 157 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Khidre ◽  
N. A. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Final Annealing ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Electrical Resistivities ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Annealing State ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Electrical Conductors

SummaryCommercial tough-pitch copper of high grade has been used to correlate the texture of wires to their tensile strength. Twentyfour samples were prepared by cold drawing of copper wires in one direction for four different reductions in area and subjecting them to different temperatures of preliminary and final annealings. The texture of these samples was calculated by the method of inverse pole figures. The final annealing temperature was found to be the factor affecting the texture of the wire irrespective of the pre-annealing temperature. It was found that Young's modulus depends mainly on the texture of the wire, while the other mechanical properties depend more on the grain size and the annealing state. The values of electrical resistivities of all wires are isotropic with respect to texture.

EBSD Study of Substructure and Texture Formation in Dual-Phase Steel Sheets for Semi-Finished Products

2010 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Masimov ◽  
N. Peranio ◽  
B. Springub ◽  
Franz Roters ◽  
Dierk Raabe
Keyword(s):  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Dual Phase Steels ◽  
Final Annealing ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Different Temperatures

Using SEM/EBSD the substructure and texture evolution in dual phase steels in the first steps of the process chain, i.e. hot rolling, cold rolling, and following annealing were characterized. In order to obtain dual phase steels with high ductility and high tensile strength an industrial process was reproduced by cold rolling of industrially hot rolled steel sheets of a thickness of 3.75 mm with ferrite and pearlite morphology down to a thickness of 1.75 mm and finally annealing at different temperatures. Such technique allows a compilation of ferrite and martensite morphology typical for dual phase steels. Due to the competition between recovery, recrystallization and phase trans-formation during annealing a variety of ferrite martensite morphologies was produced by promoting one of the mechanisms through the variation of technological parameters such as heating rate, intercritical annealing temperature, annealing time, cooling rate and the final annealing temperature. Annealing induced changes of the mechanical properties were determined by hardness measurements and are discussed on the basis of the results of the substructure investigations.

Evolution of Microstructure, Precipitate and Magnetic Properties with the Different Annealing Temperature in High Grade Nonoriented Electrical Steels

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 1645-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tie Ye ◽  
Cheng Zhou ◽  
Zhen Yu Gao
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Final Annealing ◽  
Electrical Steels ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure

The evolution of microstructure, precipitate and magnetic properties in nonoriented electrical steels with different annealing temperature was studied. The iron loss of steel decreases with an increase in the final annealing temperature ranging from 800~900°C. This phenomenon is associated with grains recovery; recrystallization and grains grow up with the temperature increasing. Grain size continues to increase, but the average particle size decreases and particle density increases at 880~900°C which show precipitates have dissolved. It approved that the dissolution process of a lot of precipitates occurred after grains growing up. Precipitates are mainly of the second phase particles MnS and AlN. The magnetic induction increased firstly at 800~880°C and then increasing at 880~900°C.It can be found that the proportion of the texture for [{100} +Gos/ {111} at 900°C is higher than that at 880°C and the proportion of Gauss texture is higher at 900°C than that at 880°C. Gauss texture in high grade silicon steel plays an important role which promotes magnetic induction to increase.

scholarly journals Influence of Cu on the Improvement of Magnetic Properties and Structure of L10 FePt Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Luran Zhang ◽  
Xinchen Du ◽  
Hongjie Lu ◽  
Dandan Gao ◽  
Huan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Fept Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Phase Reduction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
One Step

L10 ordered FePt and FePtCu nanoparticles (NPs) with a good dispersion were successfully fabricated by a simple, green, one-step solid-phase reduction method. Fe (acac)3, Pt (acac)2, and CuO as the precursors were dispersed in NaCl and annealed at different temperatures with an H2-containing atmosphere. As the annealing temperature increased, the chemical order parameter (S), average particle size (D), coercivity (Hc), and saturation magnetization (Ms) of FePt and FePtCu NPs increased and the size distribution range of the particles became wider. The ordered degree, D, Hc, and Ms of FePt NPs were greatly improved by adding 5% Cu. The highest S, D, Hc, and Ms were obtained when FePtCu NPs annealed at 750 °C, which were 0.91, 4.87 nm, 12,200 Oe, and 23.38 emu/g, respectively. The structure and magnetic properties of FePt and FePtCu NPs at different annealing temperatures were investigated and the formation mechanism of FePt and FePtCu NPs were discussed in detail.

scholarly journals Optimizing the Properties of La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 Thin Films through Post-Annealing for High-Temperature Sensing

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1802
Author(s):  
Dan Liu ◽  
Peng Shi ◽  
Yantao Liu ◽  
Yijun Zhang ◽  
Bian Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Annealing ◽  
Maximum Conductivity ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Post Annealing Temperature

La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 (0.2LSCO) thin films were prepared via the RF sputtering method to fabricate thin-film thermocouples (TFTCs), and post-annealing processes were employed to optimize their properties to sense high temperatures. The XRD patterns of the 0.2LSCO thin films showed a pure phase, and their crystallinities increased with the post-annealing temperature from 800 °C to 1000 °C, while some impurity phases of Cr2O3 and SrCr2O7 were observed above 1000 °C. The surface images indicated that the grain size increased first and then decreased, and the maximum size was 0.71 μm at 1100 °C. The cross-sectional images showed that the thickness of the 0.2LSCO thin films decreased significantly above 1000 °C, which was mainly due to the evaporation of Sr2+ and Cr3+. At the same time, the maximum conductivity was achieved for the film annealed at 1000 °C, which was 6.25 × 10−2 S/cm. When the thin films post-annealed at different temperatures were coupled with Pt reference electrodes to form TFTCs, the trend of output voltage to first increase and then decrease was observed, and the maximum average Seebeck coefficient of 167.8 µV/°C was obtained for the 0.2LSCO thin film post-annealed at 1100 °C. Through post-annealing optimization, the best post-annealing temperature was 1000 °C, which made the 0.2LSCO thin film more stable to monitor the temperatures of turbine engines for a long period of time.

Effect of final annealing temperature on critical current density of Ag/Bi-(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O tapes

1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.K. Liu ◽  
R. Bhasale ◽  
Y.C. Guo ◽  
J. Horvat ◽  
B. Zeimetz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Current Density ◽  
Critical Current ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Final Annealing

Deformation Law of Cold Drawing Process of High Strength Bridge Cable Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 801-807
Author(s):  
Xiao Lei Yin ◽  
Jian Cheng ◽  
Gang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Strain Path ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Radial Deformation ◽  
Steel Bridge ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Single Pass ◽  
Potential Relationship ◽  
The Wire

High-strength cable-steel bridge is the “lifeline” of steel structure bridges, which requires high comprehensive mechanical properties, and cold-drawing is the most important process to produce high-strength cable-steel bridge. Therefore, through the ABAQUS platform, a bridge wire drawing model was established, and the simulation analysis on the process of stress strain law and strain path trends for high-strength bridge steel wire from Φ 12.65 mm by seven cold-drawing to Φ 6.90 mm was conducted. The simulation results show that the wire drawing the heart of the main axial deformation, surface and sub-surface of the main axial and radial deformation occurred, with the increase in the number of drawing the road, the overall deformation of the wire was also more obvious non-uniformity. In the single-pass drawing process, the change in the potential relationship of each layer of material was small, and multiple inflection points appeared in the strain path diagram; the change in the seven-pass potential relationship was more drastic, which can basically be regarded as a simple superposition of multiple single-pass pulls.

scholarly journals Effect of Mn Content and Solution Annealing Temperature on the Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan-ul-Haq Toor
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Linear Polarization Resistance ◽  
Ni Content ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Acidic Chloride ◽  
Mn Content

The corrosion behavior of two specially designed austenitic stainless steels (SSs) having different Nickel (Ni) and Manganese (Mn) contents was investigated. Prior to electrochemical tests, SS alloys were solution-annealed at two different temperatures, that is, at 1030°C for 2 h and 1050°C for 0.5 h. Potentiodynamic polarization (PD) tests were carried out in chloride and acidic chloride, whereas linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was performed in 0.5 M NaCl solution at room temperature. SEM/EDS investigations were carried out to study the microstructure and types of inclusions present in these alloys. Experimental results suggested that the alloy with highest Ni content and annealed at 1050°C/0.5 hr has the highest corrosion resistance.

scholarly journals Photocatalytic Activity and Optical Properties of Blue Persistent Phosphors under UV and Solar Irradiation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. García ◽  
L. A. Diaz-Torres ◽  
J. Oliva ◽  
M. T. Romero ◽  
P. Salas
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Photoluminescence Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Cleaning ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Eu

Blue phosphorescent strontium aluminosilicate powders were prepared by combustion synthesis route and a postannealing treatments at different temperatures. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that phosphors are composed of two main hexagonal phases: SrAl2O4and Sr3Al32O51. The morphology of the phosphors changed from micrograins (1000°C) to a mixture of bars and hexagons (1200°C) and finally to only hexagons (1300°C) as the annealing temperature is increased. Photoluminescence spectra showed a strong blue-green phosphorescent emission centered atλem=455 nm, which is associated with4f65d1→4f6  (8S7/2)transition of the Eu2+. The sample annealed at 1200°C presents the highest luminance value (40 Cd/m2) with CIE coordinates (0.1589, 0.1972). Also, the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV light (at 365 nm) was monitored. Samples annealed at 1000°C and 1300°C presented the highest percentage of degradation (32% and 38.5%, resp.) after 360 min. In the case of photocatalytic activity under solar irradiation, the samples annealed at 1000°C, 1150°C, and 1200°C produced total degradation of MB after only 300 min. Hence, the results obtained with solar photocatalysis suggest that our powders could be useful for water cleaning in water treatment plants.

Ajustement par recuits rapides RTA (rapid thermal annealing) des contraintes dans des couches minces de tungstène utilisées comme absorbant pour des masques à rayons X

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 451-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Lafontaine ◽  
J. F. Currie ◽  
S. Boily ◽  
M. Chaker ◽  
H. Pépin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Rapid Thermal Annealing ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Rf Power ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Changes ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Absorbing Layer ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Sputtering System

Tungsten thin films are deposited with a triode sputtering system in order to obtain an absorbing layer for X-ray masks. The mechanical stress is studied as a function of different pressure and RF power conditions during deposition. Rapid thermal annealing at different temperatures and durations is performed in order to produce films under low compressive stress. We observe that the stress changes occur over the time scale of seconds at the annealing temperature and that the corresponding activation energies are low (60 meV). Grain growth in a preferred orientation explains the observed changes in stress. The magnitude in the change of stress is in good agreement with a model proposed by Hoffman et al. relating the stress to grain size and grain boundary dimensions. [Journal translation]

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