STUDIES ON THE TURN-OVER OF SIMULTANEOUSLY INJECTED GUINEA-PIG ALBUMIN-125I AND THYROXINE-131I IN SKIN, WOUNDS AND LIVER OF GUINEA PIGS

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-408
Author(s):  
Erik Moltke ◽  
Hans Funch-Rosenberg ◽  
Heinz J. M. Hansen

ABSTRACT The distribution of simultaneously injected 125I-labelled guinea-pig albumin and 131I-labelled thyroxine in the skin, skin-wounds and liver of guinea-pigs has been investigated. In the plasma albumin was retained in larger amounts than thyroxine but the activities decreased from 2–24 hours after the injection (h. p. i.) at exactly the same rate. In the liver the uptake of thyroxine was considerably higher than that of albumin, but both decreased at the same rate as in the plasma. In the skin thyroxine was also taken up in relatively larger amounts than albumin at 2 and 6 h. p. i.; thyroxine decreased at the same rate as in the plasma, while the uptake of albumin increased. In 7-day wounds the thyroxine content was only a little higher than in normal skin at 2 h. p. i. while the albumin content had markedly increased; thyroxine decreased and albumin increased at the same rates as in skin. Fresh wounds showed a very high uptake of both albumin and thyroxine with no decrease from 2–24 h. p. i.; the relation between the amounts was close to – but significantly different from – that seen in plasma. The results clearly indicate that albumin and thyroxine move quite independently of each other in skin, old skin-wounds and liver. In fresh wounds, however, there is a constant thyroxine-albumin ratio during the experimental period.

1974 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. DALLE ◽  
P. DELOST

SUMMARY Concentrations of cortisol and corticosterone in the plasma and adrenal glands of male and female guinea-pigs were estimated throughout the first postnatal day and thereafter at intervals up to 3 weeks of age. In the guinea-pig, the basal level of cortisol secretion is established more slowly than in other species. The concentration of plasma cortisol is very high at birth, with a marked fall between days 1 and 10 post partum and then a steady level from day 10 to 20, the time of weaning. At day 10 the values for plasma cortisol and corticosterone approach the lower ones found in the adult. There were peaks in the amounts of corticosteroids found in the adrenal gland at 50 h, 4 and 7 days and these may have been due to increased hormonal synthesis between days 2 and 8.


1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (III) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Moltke ◽  
lb Lorenzen

ABSTRACT The incorporation of 35S sulphate and the total content of hexosamine in skin wounds was determined in thyroidectomized, normal, and thyroxine-treated guinea pigs. Seven days after the production of the wounds, all three groups showed an increase in the 35S incorporation and in the hexosamine content as compared with normal skin. While the relative incorporation of 35S sulphate was most intense among thyroidectomized guinea pigs, the three groups showed no difference in the content of hexosamine. Thyroidectomy induced a more rapid synthesis of sulphated mucopolysaccharide than that observed in the thyroxine-treated and control guinea pigs, whereas the total content of acid mucopolysaccharides in the wound tissues was not affected by either thyroidectomy or thyroxine.


1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Bates ◽  
T. D. Cowen ◽  
Harumi Tsuchiya

1. Guinea-pig dams were fed on purified diets containing high (5 g/kg diet plus 1 g/l drinking water) or moderate (0.5 g/kg diet) levels of ascorbic acid, in combination with high (1 g/kg diet) or moderate (0.043 g/kg diet) levels of iron, during pregnancy and suckling. Their offsprings' diets contained 0.1 g ascorbic acid/kg and 0.04 g Fe/kg.2. High ascorbic acid intake clearly enhanced both tissue ascorbate and Fe storage in the dams, and high Fe intake increased both the dams' and the pups' tissue Fe stores.3. In the animals receiving high Fe intake, a co-existing high ascorbate intake by the dams reduced the growth rate of the offspring, but only during the early stages of development, not during the later stages of post-weaning growth. All the pups' tissue ascorbate levels fell after weaning, but those born of the dams receiving the high ascorbic acid diets did not fall to levels lower than those of the other pups.4. Thus, although certain disadvantages to the offspring resulting from very-high ascorbic acid intake by pregnant guinea-pig dams were detected, these did not include permanently increased ascorbate requirements, and hence a progression to scurvy as the pups grew and matured.


Author(s):  
Emile MIÉGOUÉ ◽  
Pégis Davy TAGNING ZEBAZE ◽  
Thomas EFOLE EWOUKEM ◽  
Fernand TENDONKENG ◽  
Jules LEMOUFOUET ◽  
...  

This study was conducted within three months at the University of Dschang Research and Application Farm (5°44’-5°36’ et 5°44’-5°37’ LN ; 10°06’-9°94’ et 10°06’-9°85’ LE). The main objective was to evaluate the integration perspectives of caviaculture and fishery. Specifically, the study was aimed at evaluating the production of guinea pig dungs, its bromatological composition and appreciating the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio in other to determine the adequate quantities of manure for a proper fertilization of fish ponds. Hence, 96 guinea pigs weighing averagely 390 ± 110g each were randomly distributed into two comparable lots (floor covered with litter and floor without litter) and were subjected to 8 feeds (5 grasses and 3 legumes). Each lot had 6 repetitions of 8 individuals. The animals were fed three times daily within 30 days. The dungs of guinea pigs were collected after three days between 6 and 8am during the experimental period. They were then selected and weighed using and electric balance of 0.1g sensitivity. At the end of the study, the following results were obtained: a guinea pig of 390 ± 110 g in confinement produced between 51.7 ± 0.4 to 60.5 ± 0.7g (fresh weight) of dung per day. The bromatological analysis of these dungs showed that they are made of organic material (80.0%), dry matter (94.3%), crude protein (10.7%), ash (19.9%) and nitrogen (22.7%). These results attesting the richness of these dungs helped in estimating the quantities (103.4g to 206.8g) of dung/day/100m2 for the breeding of 2 to 4 guinea pigs per fish pond of 100 m2 for an integrated breeding (guinea pig-fish).


Blood ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 372-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
CORNELIUS ROSSE

Abstract Guinea pigs were given 14 daily injections of 3H-thymidine to label a proportion of cells with a slow rate of turnover in addition to rapidly proliferating cells. In the bone marrow the only unlabeled cells were some reticular, endothelial, and plasma cells, damaged cells, and 14.1% of small lymphocytes. Six weeks after discontinuation of 3H-thymidine 7% of the marrow lymphocytes remained labeled. In guinea pigs injected every 4 hr with 3H-thymidine for 4 days to label all cells entering DNA synthesis, 14.4% of small lymphocytes remained unlabeled along with some reticular, endothelial, phagocytic, monocytoid, damaged, and plasma cells. The pattern of appearance of labeled lymphocytes was consistent with the kinetics of transitional cells that function as their precursors. Thus, in the bone marrow of the guinea pig the majority of lymphocytes have a short lifespan and a rapid turnover, whereas about 14% turn over more slowly and 7% have a life-span exceeding 4 wk. In this respect the kinetics of marrow lymphocyte production differs from that of the rat.


1959 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. ROWLANDS ◽  
R. V. SHORT

SUMMARY Progesterone in the corpora lutea of unmated, pregnant and hysterectomized guinea-pigs was assayed chromatographically using a modification of the procedure described by Short [1958b]. Its concentration on the 6th day after ovulation was similar in unmated and pregnant animals. By the 11th to 13th day the concentration in non-pregnant animals had decreased by one-half, but in the pregnant animals the amount was unchanged. A two- to threefold increase occurred between the 11th to 13th and the 21st to 23rd day which, it is suggested, coincides with the production of a luteotrophin. Throughout the remainder of pregnancy the concentration of progesterone in the corpus luteum was maintained at a high level. The results are compared with those that have been obtained in other species. A very high concentration of progesterone was found in the corpora lutea of hysterectomized guinea-pigs. The use of this experimental animal is suggested for further work on the hormonal control of the life-span of the corpus luteum.


Author(s):  
Corazon D. Bucana

In the circulating blood of man and guinea pigs, glycogen occurs primarily in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and platelets. The amount of glycogen in neutrophils increases with time after the cells leave the bone marrow, and the distribution of glycogen in neutrophils changes from an apparently random distribution to large clumps when these cells move out of the circulation to the site of inflammation in the peritoneal cavity. The objective of this study was to further investigate changes in glycogen content and distribution in neutrophils. I chose an intradermal site because it allows study of neutrophils at various stages of extravasation.Initially, osmium ferrocyanide and osmium ferricyanide were used to fix glycogen in the neutrophils for ultrastructural studies. My findings confirmed previous reports that showed that glycogen is well preserved by both these fixatives and that osmium ferricyanide protects glycogen from solubilization by uranyl acetate.I found that osmium ferrocyanide similarly protected glycogen. My studies showed, however, that the electron density of mitochondria and other cytoplasmic organelles was lower in samples fixed with osmium ferrocyanide than in samples fixed with osmium ferricyanide.


1976 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buichi Fujttani ◽  
Toshimichi Tsuboi ◽  
Kazuko Takeno ◽  
Kouichi Yoshida ◽  
Masanao Shimizu

SummaryThe differences among human, rabbit and guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness as for inhibitions by adenosine, dipyridamole, chlorpromazine and acetylsalicylic acid are described, and the influence of measurement conditions on platelet adhesiveness is also reported. Platelet adhesiveness of human and animal species decreased with an increase of heparin concentrations and an increase of flow rate of blood passing through a glass bead column. Human and rabbit platelet adhesiveness was inhibited in vitro by adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine, but not by acetylsalicylic acid. On the other hand, guinea-pig platelet adhesiveness was inhibited by the four drugs including acetylsalicylic acid. In in vivo study, adenosine, dipyridamole and chlorpromazine inhibited platelet adhesiveness in rabbits and guinea-pigs. Acetylsalicylic acid showed the inhibitory effect in guinea-pigs, but not in rabbits.


1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ekholm ◽  
T. Zelander ◽  
P.-S. Agrell

ABSTRACT Guinea pigs, kept on a iodine-sufficient diet, were injected with Na131I and the thyroids excised from 45 seconds to 5 days later. The thyroid tissue was homogenized and separated into a combined nuclear-mitochondrial-microsomal fraction and a supernatant fraction by centrifugation at 140 000 g for one hour. Protein bound 131iodine (PB131I) and free 131iodide were determined in the fractions and the PB131I was analysed for monoiodotyrosine (MIT), diiodotyrosine (DIT) and thyroxine after hydrolysis of PB131I. As early as only 20 minutes after the Na131I-injection almost 100% of the particulate fraction 131I was protein bound. In the supernatant fraction the protein binding was somewhat less rapid and PB131I values above 90% of total supernatant 131I were not found until 3 hours after the injection. In all experiments the total amount of PB131I was higher in the supernatant than in the corresponding particulate fraction. The ratio between supernatant PB131I and pellet PB131I was lower in experiments up to 3 minutes and from 2 to 5 days than in experiments of 6 minutes to 20 hours. Hydrolysis of PB131I yielded, even in the shortest experiments, both MIT and DIT. The DIT/MIT ratio was lower in the experiments up to 2 hours than in those of 3 hours and over.


1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1091-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Richtarik ◽  
Thomas A. Woolsey ◽  
Enrique Valdivia

A device for use in recording ECG's from guinea pigs is described. It is constructed of Plexiglas and consists of a base with four electrodes (separated by plastic ridges) on which the animal stands. The animal's activity is restricted by a removable box, the ends and top of which are adjustable to compensate for variations in animal size. The device permits recording of ECG's in rapid succession from quiet, unanesthetized animals in normal standing posture. Results obtained with the method are reported. apparatus for guinea pig ECG; time relations guinea pig ECG; normal ECG, guinea pig; factors affecting quality of ECG recordings from guinea pigs Submitted on October 21, 1964


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