scholarly journals Prospects of Integrating Caviaculture and Fish Farming in the Western Region of Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Emile MIÉGOUÉ ◽  
Pégis Davy TAGNING ZEBAZE ◽  
Thomas EFOLE EWOUKEM ◽  
Fernand TENDONKENG ◽  
Jules LEMOUFOUET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Fish Ponds ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
The University ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

This study was conducted within three months at the University of Dschang Research and Application Farm (5°44’-5°36’ et 5°44’-5°37’ LN ; 10°06’-9°94’ et 10°06’-9°85’ LE). The main objective was to evaluate the integration perspectives of caviaculture and fishery. Specifically, the study was aimed at evaluating the production of guinea pig dungs, its bromatological composition and appreciating the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio in other to determine the adequate quantities of manure for a proper fertilization of fish ponds. Hence, 96 guinea pigs weighing averagely 390 ± 110g each were randomly distributed into two comparable lots (floor covered with litter and floor without litter) and were subjected to 8 feeds (5 grasses and 3 legumes). Each lot had 6 repetitions of 8 individuals. The animals were fed three times daily within 30 days. The dungs of guinea pigs were collected after three days between 6 and 8am during the experimental period. They were then selected and weighed using and electric balance of 0.1g sensitivity. At the end of the study, the following results were obtained: a guinea pig of 390 ± 110 g in confinement produced between 51.7 ± 0.4 to 60.5 ± 0.7g (fresh weight) of dung per day. The bromatological analysis of these dungs showed that they are made of organic material (80.0%), dry matter (94.3%), crude protein (10.7%), ash (19.9%) and nitrogen (22.7%). These results attesting the richness of these dungs helped in estimating the quantities (103.4g to 206.8g) of dung/day/100m2 for the breeding of 2 to 4 guinea pigs per fish pond of 100 m2 for an integrated breeding (guinea pig-fish).

Effect of various levels of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of fodder maize

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
B. B. Singh ◽  
Ravendra Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Yield And Quality

A field experiment was conducted in the Department of Agricultural Botany, Janta Mahavidiyalaya Ajeetmal, Auraiya (C. S. J. M. University, Kanpur) during 2014, to evaluate the effect of various levels of nitrogen on growth, yield and quality of fodder maize. 3 treatments were taken up (viz.,T1 75, T2 100 and T3 125 kg nitrogen ha-1 along with control (T0).Plant height, dry matter accumulations (t ha-1), forage yield (t ha-1) increased with increasing levels of nitrogen, while stem diameters (cm), leaf area (cm2), fresh weight (g), crude protein percent decreased with increasing levels of nitrogen.

STUDIES ON THE TURN-OVER OF SIMULTANEOUSLY INJECTED GUINEA-PIG ALBUMIN-125I AND THYROXINE-131I IN SKIN, WOUNDS AND LIVER OF GUINEA PIGS

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-408
Author(s):  
Erik Moltke ◽  
Hans Funch-Rosenberg ◽  
Heinz J. M. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Skin Wounds ◽  
High Uptake ◽  
Albumin Ratio ◽  
Albumin Content ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT The distribution of simultaneously injected 125I-labelled guinea-pig albumin and 131I-labelled thyroxine in the skin, skin-wounds and liver of guinea-pigs has been investigated. In the plasma albumin was retained in larger amounts than thyroxine but the activities decreased from 2–24 hours after the injection (h. p. i.) at exactly the same rate. In the liver the uptake of thyroxine was considerably higher than that of albumin, but both decreased at the same rate as in the plasma. In the skin thyroxine was also taken up in relatively larger amounts than albumin at 2 and 6 h. p. i.; thyroxine decreased at the same rate as in the plasma, while the uptake of albumin increased. In 7-day wounds the thyroxine content was only a little higher than in normal skin at 2 h. p. i. while the albumin content had markedly increased; thyroxine decreased and albumin increased at the same rates as in skin. Fresh wounds showed a very high uptake of both albumin and thyroxine with no decrease from 2–24 h. p. i.; the relation between the amounts was close to – but significantly different from – that seen in plasma. The results clearly indicate that albumin and thyroxine move quite independently of each other in skin, old skin-wounds and liver. In fresh wounds, however, there is a constant thyroxine-albumin ratio during the experimental period.

scholarly journals Effect of concentrate: voluminous ratio on the performance of Santa Inês lambs

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1637-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Palomo de Oliveira ◽  
Juan Rámon Olalquiaga Perez ◽  
Joel Augusto Muniz ◽  
Antonio Ricardo Evangelista ◽  
José Camisão de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Santa Inês ◽  
C 50 ◽  
Concentrate Inclusion

The experiment was carried out in the sheep division of Universidade Federal de Lavras, aiming to evaluate the effect of different concentrate : voluminous ratio on the performance of Santa Inês lamb after wean. 40 lambs, male uncastrated, were used and fed with four different diets: diet A (100% concentrate), diet B (75:25 concentrate : voluminous) , diet C (50:50 concentrate : voluminous) , diet D (25:75 concentrate : voluminous). The experimental diets were isoproteic, differing only on its levels of concentrate : voluminous and balanced to meet the nutritional demands according to the recommendation of the Agricultural Research Council (1980). The experimental period was not pre-established, because it corresponded to the necessary period for the last lamb to reach the live weight of 35kg. The dry matter consumption (DMC), crude protein consumption (CPC), fiber in neutral detergent consumption (FNDC) and fiber in acid detergent consumption (FADC), were affected by the different concentrate : voluminous ratio, in which, the animals that received diets with higher concentrate inclusion presenting better results for the variables related to the development. The lambs fed with the diet containing higher inclusion of voluminous did not present weight gain, on the contrary, presented weight loss, since none of the animals reached slaughter weight and the mortality rate was extremely high (80%).

The effect of stage of maturity on the yield and chemical composition of oats for haymaking

1957 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dry Matter Loss ◽  
The North ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
One Year

1. Ayr Line Potato oats was studied in the later stages of development for 3 years under upland conditions in Kincardineshire, Scotland. Some major changes in yield and chemical composition of the crop and certain effects of haymaking have been demonstrated.2. In each year, between the ‘milky’ stage and full ripeness of the grain, the growth curve falls into the distinct phases of growth, maturity and senescence when dry-matter loss occurs. The position of the peak yield in terms of stage of maturity varies from year to year.3. Percentage crude protein is low throughout, falling to a minimum after the early ‘milky’ stage and rising again to a maximum at the last cut. Yield of crude protein is highest at the last cut in one year and at the penultimate cut in two years.4. Percentage crude fibre tends to decrease with increasing maturity, while crude fibre yield is low at both extremes of the experimental period.5. More detailed chemical analyses at different stages of maturity show total ash content to be low. The content of calcium is especially poor.6. Separation of the whole of the aerial part of the plant into leaf, stem and inflorescence shows that chemical constituents are being actively re-distributed throughout the plant during the experimental period; with the exception of crude fibre and calcium all constituents estimated tend to be concentrated in the grain with advancing maturity.7. In one year, dry-matter losses during curing range from 22 to 7% at the first and last cuts respectively, while corresponding figures for crude protein are 18 and 10%.8. In the absence of digestibility data and feeding trials under Scottish conditions, the tentative conclusion is drawn that in the higher rainfall areas of the north and west where the crop is most likely to be used, cutting between the late ‘milky’ and late cheesy' stages should give optimum results.9. Attention is drawn to the need for caution in the general application of the results.

scholarly journals Characterization of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) genotypes - genetic resources for food production in Czech Republic

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Sochor ◽  
Tunde Jurikova ◽  
Sezai Ercisli ◽  
Jiri Mlcek ◽  
Mojmir Baron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Canning Industry

The aim of the study was to determine and compare both technological properties and polyphenol content in fruits of eight cornellian cherry (Cornus mas L.) cultivars from Czech Republic. The fruits of cultivar ?Vydubeckij? had the highest dry matter (17.4%) and soluble solid (15.8%) content among searched cultivars. The highest crude protein and phosphorus values were determined in the fruits of the ?Titus? cultivar as 10.9 g of crude protein and 435 mg of phosphorus for per kg fresh weight (FW) base. The ?Elegantnyj? and ?Vydubeckij? cultivars are found to be more suitable for canning industry. The fruits of the ?Vydubeckij? cultivar contained 10.8 g of pectin and 22.4 g of citric acid per kg fresh weight base, and could be important for technological use because of their excellent gelling ability. ?Devin?,?Vydubeckij? and ?Titus? cultivars had the most valuable source of chlorogenic acid (135.6, 110.9 and 115.1 mg per 100 g FW, respectively) and quercetin (24.9, 25.2 and 24.2 mg per 100 g FW, respectively). This work should contribute to the popularization of this fruit specie as a valuable source of technological parameters for human nutrition and the canning industry.

scholarly journals Calidad nutricional de la planta de sorgo negro forrajero (Sorghum almum) para alimentación animal.

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Ana Lorena Amador ◽  
Carlos Boschini
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The University ◽  
Different Growth Stages

The purpose of this study was to determine the phenological development and the nutritional quality of Sorghum almun during different growth stages. The seed was cultivated in the Alfredo Volio Mata Experimental Station of the University of Costa Rica. Eighteen kg of 88% germinal seed per hectare were planted. The first sample was taken 24 days after sprouting and every 14 days thereafter, up to 150 days. The production of biomass of the stems, leaves and ears of grain were measured and the amounts (content) of dry mater matter, crude protein, total ashes, neutral fiber and detergent acid, hemicellulosa, cellulose and lignin were determined. During the first 52 days of growth, the output of leaves was higher than that of stems. On the 57th day, a yield of 1395 kg of dry matter per hectare, 50% leaves and 50% stems, was estimated. The ears of grain appeared after 94 days, contributing 50kg per hectare of dry matter. The concentration of dry matter in the leaves was highest from the moment of sprouting to the 136th day. The content of crude protein in the leaves was always superior to that in the stems. In the leaves the crude protein diminished 16%-28% between the 38th and 150th day of growth. In the same period, the crude protein in the stem diminished 5%-18%, and in the whole plant 8%-26%. The neutral fiber and detergent acid in the leaves and the stems were less than 60% during the first two months of growth and more than 70% in the latter period.

scholarly journals Voluntary Intake, Chemical Composition, and Nutrient Digestibility of Pangolagrass and Stargrass Hays

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-398
Author(s):  
R. Gutiérrez-Vargas ◽  
J. A. Arroyo-Aguilú ◽  
A. Ramírez-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Digitaria Decumbens ◽  
Cynodon Nlemfuensis ◽  
The Difference

Pangolagrass (Digitaria decumbens) and stargrass (Cynodon nlemfuensis) harvested at 30, 45, and 60 days and made in to hay, were fed to four castrated male ruminants (goats and steers) in individual digestion stalls. The grasses were fertilized at the rate of 4,480 kg/ha/yr with 15-5-10, harvested, sun-dried for 2 days and cut in 3- to 6-cm pieces. Each experimental period lasted 21 days, divided into a 14-day preliminary feed ing period and a 7-day collection period. Each hay was offered at a level of 90% intake, as determined in the preliminary period. Hays, offered and refused, and feces were weighed and sampled daily. Representative samples were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, neutral-detergent fiber, acid-detergent fiber, cellulose, lignin, and silica. Hemicellulose was determined as the difference between neutral-detergent fiber and acid-detergent fiber. Apparent digestion coefficients for each fraction were calculated on all hays and all ruminants. Pangolagrass dry-matter intake was significantly (P < .01) greater than that of stargrass hay by both goats and steers. No significant differences in dry-matter intake were obtained between hay ages of 30, 45, and 60 days. Goats had a higher dry-matter intake (P < .01) than steers. Significant differences were obtained between hays in neutral-detergent fiber (P < .01), hemicellulose (P < .01), and cellulose (P < .05) contents and between hay ages in crude protein (P < .05), cellulose (P < .01), lignin (P < .05), and silica (P < .01) contents. For digestibilities, significant differences were obtained between hays in dry matter (P < .05), neutral-detergent fiber (P < 05), and cellulose (P < .01); between hay ages in lignin (P < .01) and silica (P < .01); and between ruminants in dry matter (P < .01), neutral-detergent fiber (P < .01), acid-detergent fiber (P < .01), hemicellulose (P < .01), and cellulose (P < .01). Goats may not necessarily substitute for steers in digestion trials; and lignin, but not silica, tends to be a valid marker for determining digestibility.

scholarly journals Yellow grease in sheep diets: intake and digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-692
Author(s):  
A.C. Rêgo ◽  
C.S.B. Oliveira ◽  
L.E.F. Afonso ◽  
J.C. Azevedo ◽  
O.R. Machado Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yellow Grease ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess the effects of yellow grease supplementation on the intake, digestibility, and nitrogen balance in sheep. Twenty Santa Inês lambs with a mean age of 95 ± 10 d and body weight of 19.29 ± 3.17kg were evaluated in a completely randomized design. The diets were supplemented with oil at concentrations of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 gkg-1 of dry matter (DM) of the concentrate. The diets were based on roughage and concentrate (50:50). The experimental period lasted 19 d and included 14 adaptation days and five collection days for the total supplied diet, orts, feces, and urine. Supplementation with yellow grease had no significant effect on the intake of DM, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), or non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC). However, the ether extract (EE) intake increased linearly with supplementation of yellow grease. Moreover, no effect was observed for DM, CP, NDF, and NFC digestibility and nitrogen balance. EE digestibility increased linearly with the yellow grease dietary supplementation. Thus, sheep dietary supplementation with yellow grease may be used at a level of up to 80 gkg-1 of DM of concentrate without impairing nutrient intake and digestibility.

scholarly journals KUALITAS KIMIA DAN KANDUNGAN KLOROFIL TANAMAN ALFALFA (Medicago sativa L.) DENGAN LAMA PENYINARAN DAN DOSIS DOLOMIT YANG BERBEDA PADA TANAH REGOSOL

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermanto Hermanto ◽  
Bambang Suwignyo Bambang Suwignyo ◽  
Nafiatul Nafiatul
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Fresh Weight

This study aimed to analyze the quality of chemical and chlorophyll content of alfalfa plants with lenght of irradiation and dose of dolomite on the regosol soil. The experiment was conducted implemented in Greenhouse Laboratory Forage and Pasture Faculty of Animal Sciences University of Gadjah Mada, from May to September 2015. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 3 x 3 factorial design with two factors treatments and four replications. The first factor is the dose of dolomite (D) with 3 treatment (D0 = without dolomite, D1 = dolomite 6 t/hectare or 90 g/polybag and D2= dolomite 12 t/hectare or 180 g/polybag). The second factor is the length of irradiation (C) with 3 treatments (C0 = irradiating 12 hours, C1 = irradiating 14 hours and C2 = irradiating 16 hours). Data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and significant results continued with Duncan test at 5% level.Parameters measured were the proximate analysis (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash) and alfalfa chlorophyll content. The results showed that there was no significant interaction effect between lenght of irradiation and dose of dolomite treatment to the dry matter content, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash and alfalfa chlorophyll content. The treatment lenght of irradiation are significant (P<0,05) of the organic matter content and ash content of alfalfa. Dose of dolomite treatment was not significant on all parameters of the study. The results showed that the treatment and dosage of radiation are dolomite not significant on the production of plant fresh weight, dry weight of plants, dry matter content, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash and content alfalfa chlorophyll. No interaction between treatment and dosage of radiation are dolomite which significantly affect production plant fresh weight, dry weight of plants, dry matter content, organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, ash and alfalfa chlorophyll content. (Keywords: Alfalfa, lenght of irradiation, dolomite,  regosol soil)

scholarly journals Assessment of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill) accessions for growth, yield and nutritional parameters under pot culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Kauthale ◽  
K. K. Punde ◽  
S. D. Kodre
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
Nutritional Parameters

A pot experiment was conducted at BAIF Development Research Foundation, Urulikanchan, Pune, India during 2014-2016 to study the biomass production performance of four cactus accessions as a source of fodder for livestock. Single matured cladodes of individual accessions were planted in plastic pots during August 2014 and were harvested 18 months after planting. The growth and yield observations were recorded during harvesting and fresh cladodes were analyzed for nutritional parameters in the laboratory. The study revealed that the highest green biomass yield per plant was recorded in accession 1270 (1.74 kg) followed by 1271 (1.45 kg), 1280 (1.39 kg) and the lowest was in accession 1308 (1.36 kg). The maximum fresh weight per cladode was observed in accession 1280 (448.84 g) followed by 1270 (436.75 g), 1271 (394.73 g) and the minimum was in accession 1308 (150.69 g). The more number of cladodes (9.0) were found in accession 1308 followed by 1270 (4.0), 1271 (3.69) and the least (3.10) was in accession 1280. The maximum cladodes area of 333.14 cm2 was recorded in accession 1270 followed by 1280 (310.84 cm2) and the lowest was in accession 1308 (95.61 cm2). The nutritional evaluation of fresh cladodes revealed dry matter in the range of 8.24 to 11.15 %, crude protein 4.00 to 6.03% and crude fiber 7.06 to 8.15%.

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