scholarly journals Steroid reference intervals in women: influence of menopause, age and metabolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 184 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Marco Mezzullo ◽  
Alessandra Gambineri ◽  
Guido Di Dalmazi ◽  
Alessia Fazzini ◽  
Matteo Magagnoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Limits ◽  
Drug Free

Objective To investigate the impact of age, obesity and metabolic parameters on 13 circulating steroids in reproductive and menopausal age. To define reference intervals (RIs). Design Cross-sectional. Methods Three hundred and twenty five drug-free, healthy and eumenorrheic women were selected from the general population. Independent relationships of LC-MS/MS-determined steroid levels with age, BMI and metabolic parameters were estimated. Reference sub-cohorts were defined for calculating upper and lower limits in reproductive age, menstrual phases and menopause, and these were compared with limits in dysmetabolic sub-cohorts. Results Lower androgens, pro-androgens and estrogens, but higher cortisol and metabolites were found in menopausal compared to reproductive age women. Androgens and precursors decreased during reproductive age (P < 0.001–P = 0.002) but not after menopause. 17OH-progesterone decreased with BMI (P = 0.006) and glucocorticoids with waist circumference (P < 0.001P = 0.002) in reproductive age, but increased with triglycerides (P=0.011P=0.038) after menopause. Inverse associations of dihydrotestosterone with BMI (P=0.004) and HDL-cholesterol (P=0.010), estrone with total cholesterol (P=0.033) and estradiol with triglycerides (P=0.011) were found in reproductive age. After menopause, estrone increased with waist circumference (P<0.001) and decreased with insulin resistance (P=0.012). Ovarian steroid RIs were estimated in menstrual phases and menopause. Age- and reproductive status-specific RIs were generated for androgens, precursors and corticosteroids. Lower limits for reproductive age cortisol (P=0.020) and menopausal 11-deoxycortisol (P=0.003) in dysmetabolic sub-cohorts were reduced and increased, respectively, compared to reference limits. Conclusions Obesity and dysmetabolism differently influence circulating steroids in reproductive and menopausal status. Age, menstrual and menopausal status-specific RIs were provided by LC-MS/MS for a broad steroid panel.

scholarly journals The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Menstrual Abnormalities—a Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 4505-4509
Author(s):  
Anna Różańska-Walędziak ◽  
Paweł Bartnik ◽  
Joanna Kacperczyk-Bartnik ◽  
Krzysztof Czajkowski ◽  
Maciej Walędziak
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction Obesity is associated with hyperestrogenism along with other hormonal abnormalities affecting the menstrual cycle. The most effective and decisive method of obesity treatment is bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of bariatric surgery on menstrual cycle, the incidence of menstrual abnormalities, hyperandrogenism manifestation, and contraception use. Materials and Methods It was a cross-sectional study of 515 pre-menopausal women who had undergone bariatric surgery between 1999 and 2017 in a bariatric center. Data was collected via anonymous questionnaire, and the questions covered a 1-year period before the surgery and the last year before questionnaire completion. Results Before the surgery, 38.6% of the patients reported irregular menstruations in comparison with 25.0% after bariatric surgery (RR = 0.65; 95%CI 0.53–0.79). The mean number of menstruations per year did not differ before and after surgery (10.2 ± 3.9 vs 10.4 ± 3.3; p < .45). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of prolonged menstruations, acne, and hirsutism prevalence. A total of 14.4% of patients before surgery reported estrogen-based contraception use in comparison with 15.0% after the surgery (p < .95). There were no significant differences in the frequency of OC use (11.0% before surgery vs 13.6% 12 months after the surgery vs 11.5% at the moment of survey administration; p < 0.46). Conclusion Bariatric surgery improves the regularity of the menstrual cycle in obese women in reproductive age. The lack of any changes in the combined hormonal contraception (CHC) use, especially OC, before and after bariatric surgery may be a result of a possibly low level of contraception counseling.

scholarly journals Tolerability and effectiveness of fluoxetine, metformin and sibutramine in reducing anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1020-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Guimarães ◽  
Leonardo R.L. Pereira ◽  
Nélson Iucif Júnior ◽  
Evandro José Cesarino ◽  
Carlos A.N. de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Adjunct Therapy

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of sibutramine (S) 15 mg/day, fluoxetine (F) 60 mg/day, and metformin (M) 1,700 mg/day, as an adjunct therapy to a 1,500 kcal/day diet, in reducing anthropometric and metabolic parameters. S (n= 8), F (n= 9), and M (n= 8) were compared to placebo (n= 10) in 35 obese patients in a 90-day trial. Side effects were also studied during the treatment. The data demonstrated that F therapy resulted in a greater average reduction in BMI (11.0%), weight (10.0%), abdominal circumference (11.0%) and %fatty-tissue (12.8). An elevation in HDL-cholesterol (25.8%) and a reduction in average triglyceride levels (28.3%) were also shown. S presented a 7.91% reduction in the abdominal circumference and a 9.65 reduction in %fatty-tissue was also found. M group presented reductions in BMI (4.03%), waist circumference (6.92%), HOMA (23.5%) and blood pressure (6.08% in systolic and 2.08% in diastolic). In general, the three drugs can be considered well tolerated. We concluded that F and S demonstrated a greater mean reduction in anthropometric and metabolic parameters when compared to M, however all of them are useful for that purpose, when the subjects’ characteristics are considered.

scholarly journals Effect of increasing voluntary folic acid food fortification on dietary folate intakes and adequacy of reproductive-age women in New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1447-1453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie E Evans ◽  
Vanessa L Mygind ◽  
Meredith C Peddie ◽  
Jody C Miller ◽  
Lisa A Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Folate Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Folate ◽  
Reproductive Age Women ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveMandatory folic acid fortification of breads in New Zealand was put on hold in 2009. At this time, bread manufacturers were requested to adopt greater voluntary fortification and agreed to add folic acid to approximately one-third of their bread range. We sought to evaluate the impact of increased voluntary fortification of bread and the proposed mandatory fortification programme on folate intake adequacy of reproductive-age women.DesignCross-sectional study conducted in 2008. Dietary data were collected using 3 d weighed food records and usual folate intakes were generated by modifying the food composition table as follows: (i) voluntary fortification of bread as of 2008 (six breads); (ii) increased voluntary fortification of bread as of 2011 (thirty-four breads); and (iii) mandatory fortification of all breads. The prevalence of inadequate folate intake was calculated for all three scenarios using the Estimated Average Requirement (320 μg dietary folate equivalents/d) cut-point method.SettingNew Zealand.SubjectsHealthy non-pregnant women (n 125) aged 18–40 years.ResultsUsual folate intake in 2008 was 362 μg dietary folate equivalents/d. Increased voluntary bread fortification led to a marginal increase in folate intakes (394 μg dietary folate equivalents/d) and a decline in inadequacy from 37 % to 29 %. Mandatory fortification resulted in an increase of 89 μg folic acid/d, which substantially shifted both the proportion of women with folic acid intakes above 100 μg/d and the distribution of overall folate intakes, producing a marked reduction in inadequacy to 5 %.ConclusionsIncreased voluntary bread fortification efforts are far inferior to mandatory fortification as a reliable public health intervention.

scholarly journals Lower hemoglobin levels associate with lower body mass index and healthier metabolic profile

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha Auvinen ◽  
Joona Tapio ◽  
Ville Karhunen ◽  
Johannes Kettunen ◽  
Raisa Serpi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypoxia Response

Hemoglobin (Hb) is the main carrier of oxygen. In general, high-end Hb levels within the normal range are considered beneficial for health1. However, activation of the hypoxia response has been shown to protect mice against metabolic dysfunction2-4. We used Hb levels as an indicator for oxygenation status and studied its association with >170 anthropometric and metabolic parameters in two Finnish birth cohorts both in cross-sectional and longitudinal design (max n = 7,175). Here we show a positive linear association between Hb levels and body mass index (BMI). Subjects with the lower Hb levels had better glucose tolerance, lower cholesterol and blood pressure levels, less adverse metabolite profiles and lower inflammatory load. Notably, these associations were not only mediated by the lower BMI, and the effect size of many of them increased with age. Polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses indicated shared genetic determinants between Hb levels and BMI, insulin, triglyceride and HDL cholesterol levels. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses could not demonstrate causal relationships between Hb and metabolic parameters. However, manipulation of Hb levels by venesection in mice showed evidence for causal associations with body weight and metabolic parameters. Our findings suggest that lower-end normal Hb levels may be favorable for systemic metabolism involving mild chronic activation of the hypoxia response. Therefore modulation of Hb levels could be a novel strategy towards maintenance of metabolic health.

scholarly journals Reduction of Testosterone Levels in Schistosoma Haematobium or Schistosoma Mansoni Infected Men: A Cross-Sectional Study in Two Schistosomiasis-Endemic Areas of the Adamawa Region of Cameroon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hermine BOUKENG JATSA ◽  
Ulrich MEMBE FEMOE ◽  
Calvine NOUMEDEM DONGMO ◽  
Romuald Issiaka NGASSAM KAMWA ◽  
Betrand NONO FESUH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Serum Testosterone Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endemic Areas ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background: The incidence of schistosomiasis‐induced male reproductive dysfunction and infertility is probably underestimated comparing to female genital schistosomiasis. This study aimed to investigate the impact of S. haematobium or S. mansoni infection on the reproductive function of adult men in Tibati and Wouldé, two schistosomiasis endemic areas in the Adamawa region of Cameroon.Methods: A total of 89 men in the reproductive age (range: 14 – 56 years) from two localities were enrolled in the study with 51 in Tibati and 38 in Wouldé. Each participant was submitted to a questionnaire to document data on sociodemographic and stream contact behaviors. A medical examination was performed to measure the circumference of the testes and to evaluate genital tract pathologies. Stool and urine samples were collected and screened for the presence of S. haematobium or S. mansoni ova. Blood serum was use to evaluate the level of transaminases and testosterone.Results: S. haematobium was present only in Tibati with a prevalence of 31.37%. S. mansoni prevalence was 3.92% at Tibati and 44.71% in Wouldé. The intensity of infection was 22.12 ± 9.57 eggs/10 mL for S. haematobium and 128.10 ± 3.76 epg for S. mansoni. Serum transaminases activity and the mean testicular circumference of Schistosoma-positive individuals were close to those of negative ones. The testes size was however higher in S. mansoni-positive individuals than in S. haematobium-positive ones (P < 0.05). The serum testosterone level of S. haematobium and S. mansoni-positive men was significantly reduced by 56.07% (P < 0.001) and 51.94% (P < 0.01) respectively in comparison to that of Schistosoma-negative ones. A significant and negative correlation was established between schistosomiasis and the low level of serum testosterone. Male genital tract pathologies such as scrotal abnormalities, varicocele, nodular epididymis, inguinal hernia and hydrocele were recorded in both Schistosoma-positive and Schistosoma-negative men. However, no significant link was established between schistosomiasis infection and these pathologies.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that infection with S. haematobium or S. mansoni is associated with a low production of the reproductive hormone testosterone, and may be a major cause of male infertility.

The effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D on insulin sensitivity in obesity: is it mediated via adiponectin?

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 496-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia R.L. Wright ◽  
Ingrid J. Hickman ◽  
William G. Petchey ◽  
Clair M. Sullivan ◽  
Cynthia Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Hmw Adiponectin ◽  
Total Adiponectin ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

There has been substantial recent interest in using vitamin D to improve insulin sensitivity and preventing/delaying diabetes in those at risk. There is little consensus on the physiological mechanisms and whether the association is direct or indirect through enhanced production of insulin-sensitising chemicals, including adiponectin. We examined cross-sectional associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index), parathyroid hormone (PTH), waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides (TG), total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, HMW : total adiponectin ratio (HMW : total adiponectin), and total cholesterol : HDL cholesterol ratio (TC:HDL cholesterol) in 137 Caucasian adults of mean age 43.3 ± 8.3 years and BMI 38.8 ± 6.9 kg/m2. Total adiponectin (standardised β = 0.446; p < 0.001), waist circumference (standardised β = –0.216; p < 0.05), BMI (standardised β = –0.212; p < 0.05), and age (standardised β = –0.298; p < 0.001) were independently associated with insulin sensitivity. Serum 25(OH)D (standardised β = 0.114; p = 0.164) was not associated with insulin sensitivity, total or HMW adiponectin, HMW : total adiponectin, or lipids. Our results provide the novel finding that 25(OH)D is not associated with HMW adiponectin or HMW : total adiponectin in nondiabetic, obese adults and support the lack of association between 25(OH)D and lipids noted by others in similar groups of patients.

scholarly journals Relationship between ultra-processed foods and metabolic syndrome in adolescents from a Brazilian Family Doctor Program

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Ferreira Tavares ◽  
Sandra Costa Fonseca ◽  
Maria Luiza Garcia Rosa ◽  
Edna Massae Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Adjustment

AbstractObjectiveTo estimate the association between food intake and metabolic syndrome (MetS).DesignCross-sectional design conducted from July 2006 to December 2007.SettingAdolescents assisted by the Family Doctor Program (FDP) in Niterói, a metropolitan area in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil.SubjectsSurvey of 210 adolescents. Individuals with three or more of the following components of MetS were classified as having this syndrome: TAG ≥ 110 mg/dl; HDL cholesterol < 50 mg/dl for girls aged 12–19 years and boys aged 12–14 years or <45 mg/dl for boys aged 15–19 years; waist circumference ≥75th percentile; serum glucose >100 mg/dl; and blood pressure ≥90th percentile. A semi-quantitative FFQ was used, and foods were grouped as: unprocessed or minimally processed foods (Group 1), processed culinary and food industry ingredients (Group 2) and ultra-processed foods (Group 3). The associations between food consumption and MetS were adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioural and family history covariates and were estimated using generalized estimation equations with the Poisson regression model.ResultsMetS was diagnosed in 6·7 % of the adolescents; the most frequent diagnostic criteria included the reduction of HDL cholesterol (46·7 %), elevated serum glucose (17·1 %) and the elevation of waist circumference (16·7 %). Crude analysis showed higher average daily intakes of energy, carbohydrates and ultra-processed foods among adolescents with MetS. After statistical adjustment, the intake of ultra-processed foods (≥3rd quartile) remained associated with MetS (prevalence ratio = 2·5; P = 0·012).ConclusionsHigh consumption of ultra-processed foods was associated with the prevalence of MetS in this adolescents group.

scholarly journals Study on the Acceptance of Contraceptive Devices Among Married Female Workers of a Garments Factory of Dhaka City

1970 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Mahjabeen Sultana Begum ◽  
Md Altaf Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Workers ◽  
Contraceptive Devices ◽  
Desired Family Size ◽  
Married Female ◽  
The Impact

Over the last decade, the number of garments factories in Bangladesh had increased and employed around 1.5 million women, most of them in their reproductive age, therefore, desired family size and child spacing influenced contraceptive prevalence among the married women.This cross sectional study was conducted in Chancellor Garments Factory, Rayer Bazar, Dhaka, to find out the acceptance of contraceptive methods among the married female workers.Out of 121 workers interviewed, the knowledge of respondents on contraceptive methods was found adequate in 83.47%, some knowledge in 15.70% and no knowledge in 0.83%. 27.5% respondents acquired their knowledge from clinics and 25.83% from health workers. Only 13.22% respondents had the knowledge on non contraceptive uses of condom and 50% of them got this knowledge from radio and television. Of the 88.43% respondents who used contraceptive devices, maximum number used oral pill (57.94%) and only 0.93% used condom. Among the non users of contraceptive methods, 28.56% did not use because their husbands did not agree. Among the contraceptive users, 90.65% had consent of both the partners and 2.8% had the desire of their husbands only.Low income, lack of motivation by health workers, lack of information on contraception, less accessibility and availability of devices, cost of the devices, side effects, misconception, etc. have the impact on the contraceptive acceptance among the female garments workers. Key words: Married female workers, Garments factory, Acceptance of contraceptive method. DOI: 10.3329/bjpp.v24i1.5731Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2008; 24(1&2) : 10-13

scholarly journals Lingkar pinggang dan lingkar leher dengan kadar kolesterol total pada wanita usia subur obesitas

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Rifial Ramadhan Manik ◽  
Nurmasari Widyastuti ◽  
Choirun Nissa
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

Waist circumference, and neck circumference correlated to total cholesterol among reproductive-age women with obesityBackground: Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder condition that is closely related to cholesterol and obesity. The prevalence of obesity in reproductive-age women (>18 years) in Indonesia increased dramatically. Reproductive age women with obesity are at greater risk of hypercholesterolemia compared with non-obese. Waist circumference (WC), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and neck circumference (NC) can be used as a marker of higher or low cholesterol levels. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between WC, MUAC, and NC with total cholesterol. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional with several subjects were 54 women of reproductive-aged 18-29 years. Subject with obese category (BMI ≥25kg/m2) was measured the WC, MUA, and NC as an independent variable and total cholesterol as the dependent variable, and dietary intake (total fat, cholesterol, and saturated fat) as confounding variables. The bivariate analysis used the Pearson correlation test. Multivariate analysis used multivariate linear regression. Results: Bivariate analysis showed there was a significant relationship between WC and NC to total cholesterol (p=0.006 and p=0.001), but not on MUAC (p=0.063). In multivariate analysis, NC is the most significantly related to total cholesterol (β=0.367; p=0.004; Adjusted R Square 24%) than WC. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between WC and NC to the total cholesterol in women of reproductive age obesity. NC more significantly related to total cholesterol.

scholarly journals Association between dietary intake and anthropometric and metabolic profile in Brazilian adult women

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-153
Author(s):  
Ana Gabriella Pereira Alves ◽  
Beatriz Assis Carvalho Cruvinel ◽  
Maria Sebastiana Silva ◽  
Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Alterations in the lipid, glycemic and hemodynamic profile may increase the risk of developingchronic diseases and mortality. Objective: Associate the metabolic and anthropometric parameters and foodintake of Brazilian adult women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 34 Brazilian womenaged 20-59 years old. Alcohol consumption, smoking, physical exercise, blood pressure, anthropometric and foodintake data were collected. Glycated hemoglobin and lipid fractions were also evaluated. Results: There was apositive association between energy consumption and body mass ( = 0.377, p = 0.028) and waist circumference(ß = 0.373, p = 0.030), and between protein intake and body fat percentage (ß = 0.368, p = 0.032). There was alsoa positive association between waist circumference and the values of glycated hemoglobin (ß = 0.401, p = 0.019),and HDL-cholesterol was influenced directly by protein intake (ß = 0.573, p = 0.013) and inversely by lipid intake(ß = -0.597, p = 0.010). Conclusion: Anthropometry, metabolic profile and food intake were associated amongthe Brazilian adult women evaluated.

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