scholarly journals Effects of lifestyle factors on fertility: practical recommendations for modification

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. R13-R26
Author(s):  
Mathias Abiodun Emokpae ◽  
Somieye Imaobong Brown
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Reproductive Health Education ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modifiable Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The role that lifestyle factors play in fertility issues has generated some amount of interest and questions among stakeholders. This review aims to highlight the impact of lifestyle behaviors on the fertility potential of an individual and what can be done to prevent or improve reproductive outcomes. Relevant published articles on the effect of lifestyle behaviors were obtained from Medline, Pubmed and Google scholar search engines for the study. The review of the literature indicates a negative impact of modifiable lifestyle factors such as fat-rich diets, delayed childbearing/age of starting family, smoking, alcohol misuse, sexual behavior, anxiety/depression and perception/beliefs were associated with fertility. The ensuing stress precipitates social behaviors such as excessive alcohol and caffeine consumption, tobacco smoking, misuse of recreational drugs/medications, which increases the risk of sexually transmitted diseases and infection leading to infertility. Practical recommendations to modify lifestyle behaviors and the impact of misconception of Assisted Reproductive Technology in the treatment of infertility are discussed. The need to make appropriate behavioral changes to stem the tide of infertility in Nigeria is imperative. More reproductive health education is needed to create the necessary awareness of the etiologies of infertility and the importance of in vitro fertilization treatment as a means of conceiving ‘natural’ babies is suggested. Lay summary Scientific evidence has suggested that modifiable lifestyle factors (consumption fat-rich diets, delayed childbearing/age of starting family, smoking, alcohol misuse, sexual behavior, anxiety/depression and perception/beliefs) play important roles in the general health and wellbeing of individuals including fertility. Evidence exists of an association between lifestyle behaviors and infertility in both men and women. Understanding the various processes through which modifiable lifestyle behaviors impair fertility will help to assist in the management of affected individuals. We conducted a comprehensive review of published studies to assess how lifestyle factors inhibit fertility and practical ways to ameliorate them. This review also deals with the misconception of Assisted Reproductive Technology in the treatment of infertility. The need to make appropriate behavioral changes to stem the tide of infertility in Nigeria is imperative. More reproductive health education is needed to create the necessary awareness of the causes of infertility and the importance of in vitro fertilization in the treatment of infertility.

scholarly journals Fertility Impact of Initial Operation Type for Female Ulcerative Colitis Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1368-1376
Author(s):  
Adam S Faye ◽  
Aaron Oh ◽  
Lindsay D Kumble ◽  
Ravi P Kiran ◽  
Timothy Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
End Points ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the mainstay of surgical treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) but is associated with an increased risk of infertility. We developed a simulation model examining the impact of initial surgical procedure on quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and fertility end points. Methods A patient-level state transition model was used to analyze outcomes by surgical approach strategy for females of childbearing age. Initial surgical options included IPAA, rectal-sparing colectomy with end ileostomy (RCEI), and ileorectal anastomosis (IRA). The primary outcome examined was QALYs, whereas secondary outcomes included UC and fertility-associated end points. Results IPAA resulted in higher QALYs for patients aged 20–30 years, as compared with RCEI. For patients aged 35 years, RCEI resulted in higher QALYs (7.54 RCEI vs 7.53 IPAA) and was associated with a 28% higher rate of childbirth, a 14-month decrease in time to childbirth, and a 77% reduction in in vitro fertilization utilization. When accounting for the decreased infertility risk associated with laparoscopic IPAA, IPAA resulted in higher QALYs (7.57) even for patients aged 35 years. Conclusions Despite an increased risk of infertility, our model results suggest that IPAA may be the optimal surgical strategy for female UC patients aged 20–30 years who desire children. For patients aged 35 years, RCEI should additionally be considered, as QALYs for RCEI and IPAA were similar. These quantitative data can be used by patients and providers to help develop an individualized approach to surgical management choice.

scholarly journals SUN-715 IIM May Influence Matured Oocytes’ DNA Methylation of PCOS Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Congru Li ◽  
Yang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of childbearing age and is the main cause of anovulatory infertility. To increase the number of oocytes obtained, controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) has become a routine choice for in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET), which is one of the common assisted reproductive technologies for PCOS patients. However, for these patients, there is a high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Obtaining in vitro maturation (IVM) of immature oocytes, and then in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer of mature oocytes provides a possible way for people to solve the above problems. Since the IVM technology will expose oocytes to in vitro conditions for a longer period of time, theoretically increasing the risk of the oocytes being affected by the culture environment, further research and explorations are needed for study in gene programming, epigenetics, etc. Therefore, to explore the impact of IVM operation on embryonic development is of great significance for further clarifying assisted reproductive safety and improving IVM operation conditions. Here we focused on DNA methylation reprogramming process which was essential for embryonic development. We tested the DNA methylation of sperm, IVM oocytes and IVM generated early stage embryos including pronucleus, 4cell, 8cell, morula, inner cell mass, trophoectoderm (TE) as well as six-week embryos by Nimble Gen Human DNA Methylation 3x729K CpG Island Plus RefSeq Promoter Array and compared the data with our published genome-wide DNA methylomes of human gametes and early embryos generated from in vivo maturation oocytes. We showed that IVM embryos show abnormal DNA methylation reprogramming pattern. By analyzing the abnormally reprogrammed promoters, we further found that IVM may affect the functions of demethylation related genes. Oocytes from IVM manipulation were tested with higher DNA methylation levels, and their abnormal methylated promoters mainly enriched in immune and metabolism pathways. Furthermore, we investigated the DNA methylation of TE, which was directly related with implantation process and revealed the abnormal methylated promoters were related with metabolism pathway too. Our data support that IVM may influence the DNA methylome of oocytes, which in turn affects the methylome of their embryos. However, due to the limited number of samples and the inability of the chip to cover all CpG sites, the results of this study require further research and validation.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Impact of Covid-19 on the Mothers of Bangladesh: Hearing the Unheard

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Md Azimul Eh ◽  
Fairooz Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Family Pattern ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Aim: The purpose of this empirical study is to explore how Covid-19 pandemic has hit the mothers of our society, with particular emphasis on Bangladesh. The study also attempts to make their unheard voice reach both the national and international academic discourse which has so far been an unexcavated area. Subject and Methods: The study adopted qualitative and interpretative methods of social research which include content analysis; perception study of 223 respondents through semi structured questionnaire survey, who were selected using purposive random sampling. The data obtained from perception study was further complemented through phone in interviews. Results: The study has found that pandemic has not affected all the mothers uniformly, rather the intensity of its impact varied depending on factors like occupation of mothers and their husbands and their family pattern. Despite such variation, all the mothers experienced subsequent increase in workload, challenges while availing routine health facilities and higher level of stress, anxiety, depression, and certain behavioral changes. Conclusion: However, the worst affected have been the mothers belonging to the lower socio-economic strata because the pandemic has made them and their husbands’ jobless, leading them towards an uncertain future.

scholarly journals Mental health during the COVID-19 outbreak: the impact of healthy lifestyle behaviors and sociodemographic factors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Paz ◽  
Vicente Chirullo ◽  
Federico Montero ◽  
Paul Ruiz ◽  
Hugo Selma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Background: Numerous studies have reported high rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms related to the COVID-19 crisis and the measures implemented to contain the virus spread. Even though restrictive measures, such as mandatory lockdown were not applied in Uruguay, mental health could be affected. Moreover, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors could modulate this impact. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on depressive and anxiety symptoms among Uruguayan people and examine the associated factors.Methods: This study was conducted in a non-probabilistic sample of 1051 adults (aged ≥18 years). Depressive (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) symptoms were assessed along with isolation conditions, sociodemographic factors, and lifestyle behaviors. Linear models were adjusted to analyze the data. Results: Participants in our sample reported mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms and severe anxiety symptoms. Those who did total isolation reported the highest levels of symptomatology. Also, as days of isolation increased, symptoms increased. Finally, sex, socioeconomic status, age, physical activity, sleeping routines, exposure to light and outdoor activities have an effect on mental health. Conclusions: This study illustrates that the COVID-19 outbreak impacts mental health even in a country with mild-lockdown. Our results highlight the importance of considering sociodemographic and lifestyle factors when developing clinical intervention programs to mitigate the current crisis’s effects.

Stress, anxiety, depression and burnout in frontline health care workers during COVID-19 pandemic: a brief systematic review and new data from Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Mosolova ◽  
Dmitry Sosin ◽  
Sergey Mosolov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
The Impact

During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) have been subject to increased workload while also exposed to many psychosocial stressors. In a systematic review we analyze the impact that the pandemic has had on HCWs mental state and associated risk factors. Most studies reported high levels of depression and anxiety among HCWs worldwide, however, due to a wide range of assessment tools, cut-off scores, and number of frontline participants in the studies, results were difficult to compare. Our study is based on two online surveys of 2195 HCWs from different regions of Russia during spring and autumn epidemic outbreaks revealed the rates of anxiety, stress, depression, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and perceived stress as 32.3%, 31.1%, 45.5%, 74.2%, 37.7% ,67.8%, respectively. Moreover, 2.4% of HCWs reported suicidal thoughts. The most common risk factors include: female gender, nurse as an occupation, younger age, working for over 6 months, chronic diseases, smoking, high working demands, lack of personal protective equipment, low salary, lack of social support, isolation from families, the fear of relatives getting infected. These results demonstrate the need for urgent supportive programs for HCWs fighting COVID-19 that fall into higher risk factors groups.

Adrenergic and Cholinergic Uterine Innervation and the Impact on Reproduction in Aged Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis P. Kosmas ◽  
Antonio Malvasi ◽  
Daniele Vergara ◽  
Ospan A. Mynbaev ◽  
Radmila Sparic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
The Body ◽  
Autonomous Nervous System ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technique ◽  
Aged Patients ◽  
Post Menopause ◽  
The Impact

: In recent years, the development of Assisted Reproductive Technique, the egg and embryo donation changed substantially the role of the uterus in recent years. It provided a higher chance for a pregnancy even in women over 45 years or post-menopause. In fact, the number of aged patients and in peri/post-menopause in pregnancy is nowadays increasing, but it increases obstetrical and neonatal related problems. The human uterus is richly innervated and modified especially during pregnancy and labor, and it is endowed with different sensory, parasympathetic, sympathetic and peptidergic neurofibers. They are differently distributed in uterine fundus, body and cervix, and they are mainly observed in the stroma and around arterial vessel walls in the myometrial and endometrial layers. Many neurotransmitters playing important roles in reproductive physiology are released after stimulation by adrenergic or cholinergic nerve fibers (the so called sympathetic/parasympathetic co-transmission). Immunohistochemical study demonstrated the localization and quantitative distribution of neurofibers in the fundus, the body and cervix of young women of childbearing age. : Adrenergic and cholinergic effects of the autonomous nervous system are the most implicated in the uterine functionality. In such aged women, the Adrenergic and AChE neurofibers distribution in the fundus, body and cervix is progressively reduced by increasing age. Adrenergic and AChE neurotransmitters were closely associated with the uterine arteries and myometrial smooth muscles, and they reduced markedly by ageing. The Adrenergic and AChE neurofibers decreasing has a dramatical and negative impact on uterine physiology, as the reduction of pregnancy chance and uterine growth, and the increase of abortion risk and prematurity.

The Predominant microRNAs in β-cell Clusters for Insulin Regulation and Diabetic Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 722-734
Author(s):  
Adele Soltani ◽  
Arefeh Jafarian ◽  
Abdolamir Allameh
Keyword(s):  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
In Vitro Proliferation ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Mirna Expression Profiles ◽  
Multiple Processes ◽  
The Impact

micro (mi)-RNAs are vital regulators of multiple processes including insulin signaling pathways and glucose metabolism. Pancreatic β-cells function is dependent on some miRNAs and their target mRNA, which together form a complex regulative network. Several miRNAs are known to be directly involved in β-cells functions such as insulin expression and secretion. These small RNAs may also play significant roles in the fate of β-cells such as proliferation, differentiation, survival and apoptosis. Among the miRNAs, miR-7, miR-9, miR-375, miR-130 and miR-124 are of particular interest due to being highly expressed in these cells. Under diabetic conditions, although no specific miRNA profile has been noticed, the expression of some miRNAs and their target mRNAs are altered by posttranscriptional mechanisms, exerting diverse signs in the pathobiology of various diabetic complications. The aim of this review article is to discuss miRNAs involved in the process of stem cells differentiation into β-cells, resulting in enhanced β-cell functions with respect to diabetic disorders. This paper will also look into the impact of miRNA expression patterns on in vitro proliferation and differentiation of β-cells. The efficacy of the computational genomics and biochemical analysis to link the changes in miRNA expression profiles of stem cell-derived β-cells to therapeutically relevant outputs will be discussed as well.

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